Table 2. Ages of calcareous nannofossil events.
Datum and event
|
Zones (base) |
Age
(Ma) |
Reference
|
|
---|---|---|---|---|
B acme Emiliania huxleyi | 0.085 | 1 | ||
T Helicosphaera inversa | 0.16 | 2 | ||
B Emiliania huxleyi | CN15 | NN21 | 0.25 | 2 |
T Pseudoemiliania lacunosa | CN14b | NN20 | 0.41 | 2 |
B Helicosphaera inversa | 0.51 | 2 | ||
T Reticulofenestra asanoi | 0.85 | 2 | ||
B Gephyrocapsa parallela | CN14a | 0.95 | 2 | |
B Reticulofenestra asanoi | 1.16 | 2 | ||
T Gephyrocapsa spp. (large) | 1.21 | 2 | ||
T Helicosphaera sellii | 1.27 | 2 | ||
B Gephyrocapsa spp. (large) | 1.45 | 2 | ||
T Calcidiscus macintyrei | 1.65 | 2 | ||
B Gephyrocapsa oceanica | 1.65 | 2 | ||
B Gephyrocapsa caribbeanica | CN13b | 1.73 | 2 | |
T Discoaster brouweri | CN13a | NN19 | 1.97 | 2 |
T Discoaster pentaradiatus | CN12d | NN18 | 2.38 | 2 |
T Discoaster surculus | CN12c | NN17 | 2.54 | 2 |
T Discoaster tamalis | CN12b | 2.74 | 2 | |
T Reticulofenestra ampla | 2.78 | 2 | ||
T Reticulofenestra minutula (circ. form) | 3.36 | 2 | ||
T Sphenolithus spp. | 3.65 | 3 | ||
T Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilicus | CN12a | NN16 | 3.80 | 3 |
B acme Discoaster asymmetricus | CN11b | ND | ||
T Amaurolithus primus | CN11a | NN15 | 4.37 | 4 |
B Discoaster asymmetricus | NN14 | ND | ||
T Ceratolithus acutus | CN10c | 5.04 | 5 | |
B Ceratolithus rugosus | CN10c | NN13 | 5.04 | 6 |
B Ceratolithus acutus | CN10b | 5.34 | 3 | |
T Triquetrorhabdulus rugosus | CN10b | 5.34 | 3 | |
T Discoaster quinqueramus | CN10a | NN12 | 5.56 | 3 |
T Amaurolithus amplificus | 5.88 | 3 | ||
B Amaurolithus amplificus | 6.50 | 3 | ||
T paracme Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilicus | 6.80 | 3 | ||
B Amaurolithus primus | CN9b | 7.24 | 3 | |
T Minylitha convallis | 7.80 | 7 | ||
B Discoaster berggrenii | CN9a | NN11 | 8.35 | 3 |
B Discoaster loeblichii | CN8b | 8.43 | 3 | |
B paracme Reticulofenestra pseudoumbilicus | 8.85 | 3 | ||
T Discoaster hamatus | CN8a | NN10 | 9.36 | 3 |
T Catinaster calyculus | 9.36 | 5 | ||
B Minylitha convallis | 9.43 | 3 | ||
B Catinaster calyculus | CN7b | 10.70 | 7 | |
B Discoaster hamatus | CN7a | NN9 | 10.39 | 3 |
T Coccolithus miopelagicus | 10.39 | 3 | ||
B Catinaster coalitus | CN6 | NN8 | 10.71 | 3 |
T Discoaster kugleri | 11.50 | 7 | ||
B common Discoaster kugleri | 11.74 | 3 | ||
T Coronocyclus nitescens | 12.12 | 3 | ||
B Discoaster kugleri | CN5b | NN7 | 12.20 | 3 |
T Cyclicargolithus floridanus | 13.19 | 3 | ||
T Sphenolithus heteromorphus | CN5a | NN6 | 13.57 | 3 |
T Helicosphaera ampliaperta | CN4 | NN5 | 15.83 | 8 |
T acme Discoaster deflandrei | 16.21 | 3 | ||
B Sphenolithus heteromorphus | CN3 | 18.10 | 9 | |
T Sphenolithus belemnos | NN4 | 18.40 | 9 | |
B Sphenolithus belemnos | CN2 | 19.70 | 9 | |
T Triquetrorhabdulus carinatus | NN3 | 23.10 | 9 | |
B Discoaster drugii | CN1c | NN2 | 23.20 | 7 |
T Sphenolithus delphix | 23.80 | 7 | ||
T Reticulofenestra bisecta | CN1a | 23.90 | 7 |
Notes: B acme = base of acme interval; T acme = top of acme interval; B paracme = base of paracme interval; T paracme = top of paracme interval; B = first occurrence; T = last occurrence; ND = no reliable data. References: 1 = Thierstein et al. (1977); 2 = modified from Takayama and Sato (1987), Sato et al. (1991), Takayama (1993), and Kameo et al. (1955) by using timescale of Cande and Kent (1995); 3 = Raffi and Flores (1995); 4 = Rio et al. (1990); 5 = Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1955); 6 = Backman and Shackleton (1983); 7 = Berggren et al. (1995); 8 = Backman et al. (1990); 9 = Olafsson (1991).