Samples and data for this paper were collected by the Shipboard Scientific Party during ODP Leg 165. The support from the shipboard technical staff is acknowledged, as well as that from K. Carlsen, H. Diąz, B. Frydenlund, S.H. Nguyen, V. Knudsen, and T. Valerius, all from the Technical University of Denmark (DTU); M.K. Borre, DTU; H. Machel, University of Alberta; and E. Mountjoy, Geological Survey of Canada, are thanked for critically reading the text.