Sincere thanks to Karen Thompson for her care in running the mass spectrometer and to Howard Berg for excellent technical support. We thank Will Howard and Gerard Bond for their useful reviews. Radiocarbon research was supported by the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) and the Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, LLNL. Sincere thanks to John Southon and Tom Guilderson for their helpful discussions and advice. This research was supported by JOI/USSAC postcruise funding (ODP Leg 167) and 20% by the National Institute for Global Environmental Change through the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE; Cooperative Agreement No. DE-FC03-90ER61010). Conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the DOE. We also acknowledge support for the laboratory of J. Kennett from the National Science Foundation grant 44750-21846 (Earth System History).