Appendix C. Secondary alteration log (ALTNLOG). Hydrothermal Transition (HT) Transect Hole 1023A % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1 22X CC 6-Jan 34-41 Fresh 100 Trace oxidation around pyrite. Many rock surfaces and most vesicle interiors are coated with a blue or blue-green mineral (probably clay). Hole 1024B % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1a 18X CC 16-Jan 27-Oct Fresh 90-100 0-10 "Black alteration haloes visible on pieces 1,2,5,6 and 8-15. Oxidation occurs on several rock surfaces, especially piece 6. Numerous surfaces coated with blue-green to yellow-green clays, although vesicles are not filled. " Piece 2 contains acicular prisms of colorless zeolite? which postdates the clay. Hole 1024C % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1b 1R 1 3-Jan 0-22 Partially replaced by saponite 85 15 "Dark alteration haloes on pieces 1 and 2, with celadonite and iddingsite in vesicles and veinlets within the haloes. Rock surfaces coated by blue saponite. Irregular mottled brown alteration patches in piece 3." Hole 1025B % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1a 11X 5 3-Jan 40-50 Saponite 100 Some rock surfaces are partially coated with either i) a blue mineral (probably clay); ii) pyrite. Most vesicle interiors are partially coated with a light-blue mineral. In some vesicles a white slightly fibrous mineral is present (zeolite?) 1a 11X CC 0-5 Saponite 100 "Few rock surfaces are partially coated with a blue mineral (probably clay) and pristine fine-grained pyrite. Some vesicle interiors are filled with a light-blue mineral (probably clay), pyrite, and a tabular zeolite(?)." 1a 11X CC 9-Jan 23-40 Saponite 83-100 0-17 Trace oxidation around single pyrite grains. Many rock surfaces and most vesicle interiors are partially coated with either i) a blue mineral (probably clay); ii) a white acicular to fibrous mineral (zeolite?); iii) pyrite; iv) a mixture of 2 or 3. Pieces 1-4 are either partially coated and/or contain disseminated sulfide. Most pieces are nearly 100% fresh groundmass; piece 3 contains the oxidized black and yellow-ochre haloes. Hole 1025C % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1b 1R 1 4-Jan 0-29 Saponite ± carbonate 100 Alteration by blue clay and carbonate limited to vesicles and after olivine. Sparse blue clay patches and oxidation spots on external surfaces. 1c 1R 1 17-May 29-139 Saponite ± carbonate 100 Blue clay and carbonate lines or fills vesicles and replaces olivine. Numerous traces of pyrite on external surfaces. 1c 1R 2 20-Jan 0-145 Saponite ± carbonate 100 Green clay ± carbonate replaces olivine. Blue clay grading to green clay lines vesicles. Vesicles also have drusy balls of pyrite in them. 1c 1R 3 12-Jan 0-78 Saponite 100 "Vesicles lined by blue clay, sometimes preceded by green clay and pyrite." 1d 2R 1 "1, 5-9" "0-9, 25-56" 100 Vesicles lined by light clay. 1e 2R 1 17-Oct 56-147 Saponite 100 Vesicles filled by light blue to green clay. 1e 2R 2 12-Jan 0-148 Saponite 100 Pale green-blue clay fills vesicles and replaces groundmass. Carbonate patches on piece 9. 1e 2R 3 15-Jan 0-150 Saponite 100 Pale green-blue clay fills vesicles and replaces groundmass. Carbonate patches (XRD - aragonite + trace calcite) on several pieces. 1e 2R 4 8-Jan 0-37 Saponite 100 Pale green-blue clay fills vesicles and replaces groundmass. Carbonate patches on several pieces. 1f 2R 4 15-Sep 37-73 Saponite 100 Vesicles lined or filled by green-blue clay and/or carbonate. Pyrite patches and oxidation on some external surfaces. 1f 3R 1 7-Jan 0-34 90 10 Blue-green clay ± carbonate on external surfaces. Alteration haloes on pieces 3 and 4. 1g 3R 1 11-Aug 34-66 Saponite 90 10 Alteration halo on piece 8. Orange oxidation spots on all pieces. Blue-green clay ± carbonate coats surfaces. 1g 3R 2 6-Jan 0-42 Saponite 100 Orange oxidation spots around pyrite. 1g 4R 1 16-Jan 0-150 Saponite 100 "Blue-green clay, ± pyrite patches (with oxidation), ± white carbonate, along fractures and external surfaces." 1g 4R 2 10-Jan 0-136 Saponite 99 1 Clay and carbonate coats fractures. Alteration haloes on several pieces. 1g 4R 3 7-Jan 0-91 99 1 Alteration halo on piece 3a. 1h 4R 3 8 91-104 100 Slight to moderate. 1h 5R 1 3-Jan 0-18 100 "Vesicles filled by dark, then light, clay; also have some rhombic carbonate crystals." 1i 5R 1 15-Apr 18-146 100 "Vesicles lined by green clay, and contain pyrite clusters. Piece 5 has talc (XRD) on surface." 1i 5R 2 11-Jan 0-143 100 "Vesicles lined by green clay, with pyrite clusters. Green clay patches in groundmass." 1i 5R 3 8-Jan 0-91 Saponite 100 Vesicles have green clay linings. Olivines have dark green clay at margins and light green clay cores. Rough Basement (RB) Transect Hole 1026B % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1 01R 1 8-Feb May-40 No olivine 50 50 "10mm dark haloes at rock edges; clay in vesicles is dark green, light green, orange or yellow within the haloes; similar varicolored clay on rock surfaces (fractures)." 1 02R 1 "1-3, 6, 7" 0-38 No olivine 50 50 Ditto. 2 03R 1 12-Jan 0-78 No olivine 100 "Basalt-hyaloclastite breccia: basalts preferentially altered at glass rims; basalt and glass shards altered to clays (green, white, blue) ± carbonate." 3a 04R 1 7-Jan 0-45 "Green, orange clay" 80 20 3-7mm alteration haloes around edge; clay veins have bleached haloes; outer surfaces coated with green and brown clay. 3b 05R 1 n/a 0-43 Green clay 85 15 Black alteration haloes; orange oxidation spots around pyrite grains. 3c 05R 1 n/a 43-59 "Celadonite, saponite, iddingsite" 85 15 "In haloes, vesicles filled by iddingsite ± yellow-green clay." Hole 1026C % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1 16R 1 11-Jan 0-52 85 15 "Vesicles filled by green or orange clay in the haloes. Haloes are 3-7mm wide, present in most pieces. Bright red clay (hematitic) coats surfaces of several pieces (3, 4, 8, 9 and 10)." 1 17R 1 12-Jan 0-53 80 20 "Alteration haloes, about 5mm wide, located on all pieces." Hole 1027B % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1 60X CC 5-Jan 28-40 Saponite + calcite 100 Clay lined vesicles; secondary pyrite; palagonitized glass. 1 61X CC n/a 13-50 Saponite + calcite 92 8 A <=2mm thick black halo occurs around the rims of the majority of basalt fragments in the core catcher. 1 62X CC n/a 10-Jul Saponite + calcite 77 23 "Irregular black alteration zones occur throughout the basalt fragment, associated with intense zone of calcite alteration and infilling of the vesicles." 2 62X CC n/a 36-42 Saponite + calcite 100 tr Trace oxidation haloes; vesicles partially or completely filled by white carbonate and/or dark green clay. Hole 1027C % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 3 1R 1 1a-1c 0-113 Partly to completely replaced by saponite 100 tr Millimeter-scale zones flanking veins contain bright red spots characteristic of oxidation haloes. 3 1R 2 1a-1c 0-113 ditto 100 tr Ditto. 3 1R 3 1a-1b 0-141 ditto 100 tr Ditto. 3 1R 4 1a-1e 0-110 ditto 100 tr Ditto. 3 1R 5 2-Jan 0-133 ditto 100 tr Ditto. 3 1R 6 2-Jan 0-73 saponite 100 4a 3R 2 n/a 112-140 Saponite and celadonite 100 Vesicles empty or lined by brown or green clay followed by blue clay. 4b 4R 1 21-Feb 5-150 Celadonite ± saponite± iddingsite 65 35 "Halos best developed (>50% black halos) near top of unit where groundmass is finer-grained, and tapering off to near zero near bottom." 4b 4R 2 7-Jan 0-68 Saponite 100 4c 4R 2 13-Aug 68-147 Saponite; fresh in glass 100 4c 4R 3 2-Jan 0-16 "Saponite, iddingsite, celadonite" 100 4d 4R 3 10-Mar 16-117 dk clay 100 4e 5R 1 6-Jan 0-50 Saponite + iddingsite 100 4f 5R 1 10-Jul 50-134 "dk clay, iddingsite, calcite" 100 Salt crystallized on surface just inside of alteration halos in some pieces. 4g 5R 2 5-Jan 0-79 Saponite + talc; fresh in glass 80-90 20-Oct "Olivine replacement logged as light yellow-green clay, which may signify the talc; salt crystallized on surface just inside of alteration halos in some pieces." 4h 5R 2 10-Jun 79-143 Light yel-grn saponite 80-90 20-Oct Salt crystallized on surface just inside of alteration halos in some pieces. 4i 5R 3 5-Jan 0-75 "Yel-grn saponite, idd." 80-90 20-Oct 4j 5R 3 7-Jun 75-102 "Yel-grn saponite, idd." 80-90 20-Oct 4k 5R 3 9-Aug 102-125 "Saponite, fresh in glass" 80-90 20-Oct 4l 5R 4 1 0-40 Dark and bright green clay + carbonate 80-90 20-Oct 4m 5R 4 8-Feb 40-110 "Saponite, talc, carbonate" 80-90 20-Oct 4n 5R 4 9 110-137 Dark and bright green clay + carbonate 80-90 20-Oct 4n 5R 5 13-Jan 0-146 "Saponite, talc ± iddingsite ± carbonate; some fresh" 80-90 20-Oct 4n 5R 6 6-Jan 0-50 Dark green clay ± carbonate ± iddingsite 90 10 4n 5R 6 7 50-62 Dark green clay ± carbonate ± iddingsite 90 10 Buried Basement (BB) Transect Hole 1028A % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1a 15X 6 4-Jan 116-144 Dark green clay ± carbonate 90 10 "Dark, 1.5cm haloes around the vein networks in pieces 1, 3a and 3b; blue-gray clay minerals coat surfaces; glass rim in piece 1 partly palagonitized." 1a 15X 7 5-Jan 0-47 Pale to dark green clay 90 10 "Dark, 1-cm haloes around the green and orange clay veins in piece 5." 1b 15X 7 11-Jun 47-92 Pale to dark green clay 90 10 Dark haloes around veins in pieces 9 and 11; centimeter-scale interstitial patches of green clay in piece 8. Hole 1029A % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1 25X 3 17-Jan 26-127 Dark green clay 80 20 "Haloes, on all pieces, vary from 1 to 10mm wide; vesicles in haloes are filled by dark and bright green clay and iddingsite; gray rock inside of haloes has vesicles lined by blue clay ± zeolite and/or pyrite." 1 25X CC 7-Jan 0-50 Dark green clay 80 20 "Haloes on pieces 1, 3, 4, 5 and 7, vary from 4 to 10 mm; in haloes, vesicles are filled by celadonite and/or iddingsite + hematite." Hole 1031A % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1 6X 1 10-Jan 0-53 No olivine 60 40 "Haloes on all pieces except number 7; haloes vary from 2mm to 11mm wide; pieces 9 and 10 have double haloes consisting of an outer green zone and an inner gray zone, which are separated by a distinct 0.5mm zone of concentrated interstitial sulfide." Hole 1032A % Fresh % Oxidation Unit Core Sec Pc Int (cm) After olivine G'mass Haloes Comments 1a 12R 1 7-Jan 0-50 Dark green clay 90 10 Dark green 6mm-wide halo rimmed by orange halo <1mm on piece 2. 1b 12R 1 15-Aug 50-100 Dark green clay 90 10 Dark green halo around vein network on piece 11. 1c 12R 1 16-21 100-150 "Dark green, blue clays" 90 10 Blue clay patch (4mm wide) on glass rim of piece 16. Bright green clay clot (celadonite?) on piece 19. Dark green around vein in pieces 18 and 20. 1d 12R 2 10-Mar 17-68 Dark green 90 10 Dark green halo in piece 7. Interstitial patches of green clay in piece 10. 1e 12R 2 15-Nov 68-113 Dark green 90 10 Dark green halo in piece 13. 1f 12R 2 16-19 113-149 Dark green to red-brown 90 10 Dark green to red-brown halo in the top part piece 18. 1g 12R 3 7-Jan 0-49 Dark green 90 10 Dark green halo in piece 1 and 7. 1i 12R 3 11-Oct 73-93 Dark green 90 10 Dark green halo in piece 10. 1j 12R 3 13-Dec 93-108 Dark green 90 10 Dark green halo around vein network (up to 5mm-thick on each side of vein) on piece 13. 1k 13R 1 17-Jan 0-103 Dark green 90 10 "Dark grey haloes (<=1cm) around veins and fractures in pieces 2 and 17, and along the borders of pieces 7 and 15. Clay minerals are present in all pieces as patches on external surfaces and as coatings on fractures." 1l 13R 1 18-21 103-145 Dark green 90 10 Dark grey haloes (<=1cm) around veins and fractures in pieces 18-21. Clay minerals are present in all pieces as patches on external surfaces and as coatings on fractures. Glass rim on piece 18 is palagonitized. 2a 13R 2 18-Jun 47-150 Dark green to red-brown 90 10 "Vesicle infill and small interstitial clay patches. Small iddingsite haloes in pieces 6, 7, 8 and 11." 2a 13R 3 8-Jan 0-53 "Dark to pale green, orange, and white" 90 10 Alteration confined to vesicle fillings. Zoned haloes in pieces 2 and 5 with predominance from rim to core: 1) orange-yellow + light green; 2) dark green; 3) pale grey clay and ± carbonate. 2b 13R 3 21-Sep 53-150 "Dark to pale green, orange, and white" 90 10 "Vesicle fillings and groundmass replacement. Haloes (5-10mm) in pieces 9, 12, 13, 15, 17, 19 and 20. " 2b 13R 4 9-Jan 0-64 "Dark to pale green, orange, and yellow" 90 10 Haloes (2-20mm) around veins in pieces 2-6. 2c 13R 4 19-Oct 64-150 "Dark to pale green, orange, and yellow" 90 10 "Haloes around veins in pieces 10, 11, 13, and 15-19." 2e 14R 1 13-Jan 0-68 "Green clay, white carbonate" 90 10 Haloes (2-5mm) common at rock edges. "2f,g" 14R 1 13-Jan 68-120 "Green clay, white carbonate" 90 10 Haloes around veins in piece 16 and 17. "2g,h" 14R 2 10-Jan 0-108 "Green clay, white carbonate" 90 10 Haloes around veins in pieces 2 and 6. 2i 14R 2 16-Nov 108-150 "Green clay, white carbonate" 90 10 Halo 6-7mm green clay (saponite) and 1-2mm orange (iddingsite) in piece 14. 2i-l 14R 3 21-Jan 0-145 "Green clay, white carbonate" 90 10 "Haloes present in pieces 1, 2 5-11, 13, 15-21." 2l 14R 3 2-Jan 0-17 "Green clay, white carbonate" 90 10 Haloes present in pieces 1 and 2. 2m 15R 1 8-Feb Apr-42 Dark green clay (saponite) 90 10 Vesicle infill. 2n-o 15R 1 25-Sep 42-145 Dark green clay (saponite) 90 10 "Haloes associated with veins, fractures and outer margins: bands of green clay (saponite) + orange clay (iddingsite) + pyrite in pieces 9, 11, 22 and 23." 2o-q 15R 2 20-Jan 0-147 "Green clay, white carbonate" 90 10 "Orange clay (iddingsite) haloes in pieces 3, 6-8, 11, 12 and 17. Dark green clay haloes (±yellow clay) in pieces 13, 16 and 19." 2q-s 16R 1 19-Jan 0-112 "Green clay, white carbonate" 90 10 "Green clay (saponite) + yellow clay (iddingsite) + pyrite haloes in pieces 2, 6-10, 12, 15 and 17."