REFERENCES

Bloomer, S.H., Meyer, P.S., Dick, H.J.B., Ozawa, K., and Natland, J.H., 1991. Textural and mineralogic variations in gabbroic rocks from Hole 735B. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 21-39.

Bloomer, S.H., Natland, J.H., and Fisher, R.L., 1989. Mineral relationships in gabbroic rocks from fracture zones of Indian Ocean ridges: evidence for extensive fractionation, parental diversity, and boundary-layer recrystallization. In Saunders, A.D., and Norry, M.J. (Eds.), Magmatism in the Oceanic Basins. Spec. Publ.—Geol. Soc. London, 42:107-124.

Cann, J.R., 1974. A model for oceanic crustal structure developed. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc., 39:169-187.

Cann, J.R., Blackman, D.K., Smith, D.K., McAllister, E., Janssen, B., Mello, S., Avgerinos, E., Pascoe, A.R., and Escartin, J., 1997. Corrugated slip surfaces formed at ridge-transform intersections on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Nature, 385:329-332.

Cannat, M., 1993. Emplacement of mantle rocks in the seafloor at mid-ocean ridges. J. Geophys. Res., 98:4163-4172.

Cannat, M., Mével, C., Maia, M., Deplus, C., Durand, C., Gente, P., Agrinier, P., Belarouchi, A., Dubuisson, G., et al., 1995. Thin crust, ultramafic exposures, and rugged faulting patterns at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (22°-24°N). Geology, 23:49-52.

Detrick, R.S., Needham, H.D., and Renard, V., 1995. Gravity anomalies and crustal thickness variations along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between 33°N and 40°N. J. Geophys. Res., 100:3767-3787.

Dick, H.J.B., Meyer, P.S., Bloomer, S., Kirby, S., Stakes, D., and Mawer, C., 1991. Lithostratigraphic evolution of an in-situ section of oceanic Layer 3. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 439-538.

Dick, H.J.B., Natland, J.H., Alt, J.C., Bach, W., Bideau, D., Gee, J.S., Haggas, S., Hertogen, J.G.H., Hirth, G., Holm, P.M., Ildefonse, B., Iturrino, G.J., John, B.E., Kelley, D.S., Kikawa, E., Kingdon, A., LeRoux, P.J., Maeda, J., Meyer, P.S., Miller, D.J., Naslund, H.R., Niu, Y., Robinson, P.T., Snow, J., Stephen, R.A., Trimby, P.W., Worm, H.-U., and Yoshinobu, A., 2000. A long in situ section of the lower ocean crust: results of ODP Leg 176 drilling at the Southwest Indian Ridge. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 179:31-51.

Dick, H.J.B., Natland, J.H., Kinoshita, H., Robinson, P., MacLeod, C., Kvasness, A.J., and the MODE '98, JR 31, and ODP Leg 176 Scientific Parties, 1999. The nature of intrusion and melt transport in the lower ocean crust at an ultra-slow spreading ridge. 9th Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conf., Cambridge, Massachusetts, August 22-27, 1999: Houston (Lunar and Planet. Sci. Inst.), 71-72.

Dick, H.J.B., Natland, J.H., Miller, D.J., et al., 1999a. Proc. ODP, Init. Repts.,176 [CD-ROM]. Available from: Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-9547, U.S.A. [HTML version]

Dick, H.J.B., Schouten, H., Meyer, P.S., Gallo, D.G., Bergh, H., Tyce, R., Patriat, P., Johnson, K.T.M., Snow, J., and Fisher, A., 1991. Tectonic evolution of the Atlantis II Fracture Zone. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 359-398.

Engel, C.G., and Fisher, R.L., 1969. Lherzolite, anorthosite, gabbro and basalt dredged from the Mid-Indian Ocean Ridge. Science, 166:1136-1141.

————, 1975. Granitic to ultramafic rock complexes of the Indian Ocean Ridge system, western Indian Ocean. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 86:1553-1578.

Fisher, R.L., Dick, H.J.B., Natland, J.H., and Meyer, P.S., 1986. Mafic/ultramafic suites of the slowly spreading southwest Indian Ridge: Protea exploration of the Antarctic Plate Boundary, 24°E-47°E. Ofioliti, 11:147-178.

Fisher, R.L., and Goodwillie, A., 1997. The physiography of the Southwest Indian Ridge. Mar. Geophys. Res., 19:451-455.

Fisher, R.L., and Sclater, J.G., 1983. Tectonic evolution of the southwest Indian Ocean since the mid-Cretaceous: plate motions and stability of the pole of Antarctica/Africa for at least 80 Myr. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc., 73:553-576.

Fox, P.J., Moody, R.H., Karson, J.A., Bonatti, E., Kidd, W.S.F., Crane, K., Gallo, D.G., Stroup, J.B., Fornari, D.J., Elthon, D., Hamlyn, P., Casey, J.F., Needham, D., Sartori, R., 1985. The geology of the Oceanographer Transform: the transform domain. Mar. Geophys. Res., 7:329-358.

Fox, P.J., and Stroup, J.B., 1982. The plutonic foundation of the oceanic crust. In Emiliani, C., et al., The Sea (Vol. 4): New York (Wiley), 119-218.

Francheteau, J., Choukroune, P., Hékinian, R., LePichon, X., and Needham, H.D., 1976. Oceanic fracture zones do not provide deep sections in the crust. Can. J. Earth Sci., 13:1223-1235.

Haughton, S.A., 1969. Geological History of Southern Africa: Cape Town (Geol. Soc. S. Afr.).

Honnorez, J., Bonnati, E., and Mével, C., 1984. Geotectonic significance of gneissic amphibolites from the Vema Fracture Zone, Equatorial Mid-Atlantic Ridge. J. Geophys. Res., 89:11379-11400.

Hosford, A., Tivey, M.A., and Smith, D.K., 2000. Building the crust at the Southwest Indian Ridge, 57°-58°E. Eos, 81:1129.

Karson, J.A., and Dick, H.J.B., 1983. Tectonics of ridge-transform intersections at the Kane Fracture Zone. Mar. Geophys. Res., 6:51-98.

Karson, J.A., Fox, P.J., Sloan, H., Crane, K.T., Kidd, W.S.F., Bonatti, E., Stroup, J.B., Fornari, D.J., Elthon, D., Hamlyn, P., Casey, J.F., Gallo, D.G., Needham, D., and Sartori, R., 1984. The geology of the Oceanographer Transform: the ridge-transform intersection. Mar. Geophys. Res., 6:109-141.

Karson, J.A., and Lawrence, R.M., 1997. Tectonic setting of serpentinite exposures on the western median valley wall of the MARK area in the vicinity of Site 920. In Karson, J.A., Cannat, M., Miller, D.J., and Elthon, D. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 153: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 5-21.

Kikawa, E., and Ozawa, K., 1992. Contribution of oceanic gabbros to sea-floor spreading magnetic anomalies. Science, 258:796-799.

Kikawa, E., and Pariso, J.E., 1991. Magnetic properties of gabbros from Hole 735B, Southwest Indian Ridge. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 285-307.

Kuo, B.-Y., and Forsyth, D.W., 1988. Gravity anomalies of the ridge transform system in the South Atlantic between 31° and 34°S. Mar. Geophys. Res., 10:205-232.

Lagabrielle, Y., Bideau, D., Cannat, M., Karson, J.A., and Mével, C., 1998. Ultramafic-mafic plutonic rock suites exposed along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (10°N-30°N). Symmetrical-asymetrical distribution and implications for seafloor spreading processes. In Buck, W.R., Delaney, P.T., Karson, J.A., and Labagrielle, Y. (Eds.), Faulting and Magmatism and Mid-Ocean Ridges. Monogr., Am. Geophys. Union, 106:153-176.

Lin, J., Purdy, G.M., Schouten, H., Sempéré, J.-C., and Zervas, C., 1990. Evidence from gravity data for focussed magmatic accretion along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Nature, 344:627-632.

MacLeod, C.J., Allerton, S., Dick, H.J.B., Robinson, P.T., and the JR31 Scientific Party, 1998. Geology of Atlantis Bank, SW Indian Ridge: preliminary results of RRS James Clark Ross cruise 31. Eos, 79:893.

MacLeod, C.J., Wright, W.P., Perry, C.T., and Dick, H.J.B., 2000. Tectonic evolution and uplift/subsidence history of Atlantis Bank, a Transverse Ridge near the Atlantis II Fracture Zone, SW Indian Ridge. Eos, 81:1129.

Magde, L.S., Barclay, A.H., Toomey, D.R., Detrick, R.S., and Collins, J.A., 2000. Crustal magma plumbing within a segment of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 35°N. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 175: 55-67.

Magde, L.S., Sparks, D.W., and Detrick, R.S., 1997. The relationship between buoyant mantle flow, melt migration and gravity bull's eyes at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between 33°N and 35°N. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 148:59-67.

Malcolm, F.L., 1981. Microstructures of the Cayman Trough gabbros. J. Geol., 89: 675-688.

Mével, C., Cannat, M., Gente, P., Marion, E., Auzende, J.-M., and Karson, J.A., 1991. Emplacement of deep crustal and mantle rocks on the west median valley wall of the MARK area (MAR 23°N). Tectonophysics, 190:31-53.

Minshull, T.A., and White, R.S., 1996. Thin crust on the flanks of the slow spreading Southwest Indian Ridge. Geophys. J. Int., 125:139-148.

Muller, M.R., Robinson, C.J., Minshull, T.A., White, R.S., and Bickle, M.J., 1997. Thin crust beneath Ocean Drilling Program Borehole 735B at the Southwest Indian Ridge? Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 148:93-107.

Natland, J.H., and Dick, H.J.B., 2001. Formation of the lower ocean crust and the crystallization of gabbroic cumulates at a very slowly spreading ridge. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 110:191-233.

Natland, J.H., Meyer, P.S., Dick, H.J.B., and Bloomer, S.H., 1991. Magmatic oxides and sulfides in gabbroic rocks from Hole 735B and the later development of the liquid line of descent. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 75-111.

Nisbet, E.G., and Fowler, C.M.R., 1978. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 37° and 45°N: some geophysical and petrological constraints. Geophys. J. R. Astron. Soc., 54:631-660.

Ozawa, K., Meyer, P.S., and Bloomer, S.H., 1991. Mineralogy and textures of iron-titanium oxide gabbros and associated olivine gabbros from Hole 735B. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 41-73.

Pariso, J.E., and Johnson, H.P., 1993. Do lower crustal rocks record reversals of the Earth's magnetic field? Magnetic petrology of gabbros from Ocean Drilling Program Hole 735B. J. Geophys. Res., 98:16013-16032.

Patriat, P., and Parson, L.M., 1989. A survey of the Indian Ocean triple junction trace within the Antarctic plate: implications for the junction evolution since 15 Ma. Mar. Geophys. Res., 11:89-100.

Patriat, P., Sauter, D., Munschy, M., and Parson, L., 1997. A survey of the Southwest Indian Ridge axis between Atlantis II Fracture Zone and the Indian Ocean triple junction: regional setting and large-scale segmentation. Mar. Geophys. Res., 19:457-480.

Pettigrew, T.L., Casey, J.F., Miller, D.J., et al., 1999. Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 179 [CD-ROM]. Available from: Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845-9547, U.S.A. [HTML version]

Rommeveaux-Jestin, C., Deplus, C., and Patriat, P., 1997. Mantle Bouguer anomaly along an ultra-slow spreading ridge: implications for accretionary processes and comparison with results from the Central Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Mar. Geophys. Res., 19:481-503.

Robinson, P.T., Von Herzen, R., et al., 1989. Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program).

Sclater, J.G., Fisher, R.L., Patriat, P., Tapscott, C., and Parsons, B., 1981. Eocene to recent development of the Southwest Indian Ridge, a consequence of the evolution of the Indian Ocean Triple Junction. Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 64:587-604.

Stakes, D., Mével, C., Cannat, M., and Chaput, T., 1991. Metamorphic stratigraphy of Hole 735B. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 153-180.

Stroup, J.B., and Fox, P.J., 1981. Geologic investigations in the Cayman Trough: evidence for thin oceanic crust along the Mid-Cayman Rise. J. Geol., 89:395-420.

Tolstoy, M.A., Harding, J.A., and Orcutt, J.A., 1992. Crustal thickness at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge: bull's eye gravity anomalies and focused accretion. Science, 262:726-729.

Tucholke, B.E., Lin, J., and Kleinrock, M.C., 1998. Megamullions and mullion structure defining oceanic metamorphic core complexes on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. J. Geophys. Res., 103:9857-9866.

Vanko, D.A., and Stakes, D.S., 1991. Fluids in oceanic layer 3: evidence from veined rocks, Hole 735B, Southwest Indian Ridge. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 181-215.

Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., 1991. Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program).