CONCLUSIONS

Sedimentation at Site 1101 since 3.0 Ma has recorded glacial-interglacial cyclicity at varying strengths and frequencies, including a strong 41-k.y. frequency from 2.2 to 1.0 Ma and 100-k.y. frequency after 1.0 Ma. During glacial periods, sediments are conveyed down the continental slope to the rise by turbidity currents and debris is rafted by icebergs. At Site 1101, glacial lithofacies most commonly consist of thickly laminated muds deposited from distal turbidites and meltwater plumes. Thinly laminated muds were deposited in short intervals dominated by contour currents. Diamictons were deposited at ~2.8 and 0.88 Ma, when ice rafting was intense. During interglacials, sediment was biogenic and dominated by foraminifers from 2.2 to 0.76 Ma. The sediment was nearly completely reworked by burrowing infauna, and few laminae are preserved. For this study, sediments were studied in greatest detail from 1.34 to 0.54 Ma. During this interval, ice rafting has a regular pattern, low during the first part of the glacial period, increasing in the later half, and remaining high in the following interglacial. This is consistent with rapid disintegration of ice streams and suggests that the contribution of IRD within the rapidly deposited laminated glacial units is very high. Sedimentation rates were probably slower in the bioturbated, homogeneous interglacials leading to greater concentration of IRD relative to the glacial units.

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