Table T3.
Foraminiferal and bolboformid datums used during Leg 181.
Age
(Ma)
NZ
stage
Foraminiferal
event
References
~0.2
Wq
FO Globorotalia
cavernula
Hornibrook (1982)
0.34
Wc/Wq
Boundary
Naish et al. (1998)
0.45
Wc
FO Globorotalia
hirsuta
Pujol & Duprat (1983)
0.62
Wc
LO Plectofrondicularia
advena, P. pellucida
Weinholz & Lutze
(1989)
~0.6
Wc
LO Globorotalia
puncticuloides
Hornibrook (1982);
Hornibrook & Jenkins (1994), modified this leg
~0.7
Wc
FCO Globorotalia
inflata in subantarctic
Hornibrook & Jenkins
(1994), modified this leg
~0.7
Wc
LCO Globorotalia
puncticuloides
Hornibrook & Jenkins
(1994), modified this leg
~0.8
Wc
FO Globorotalia
truncatulinoides in subantarctic
Scott et al. (1990);
Hornibrook & Jenkins (1994), modified this leg
~1
Wc
LO Globorotalia
tosaensis s.s. morphotypes
Scott et al. (1990)
1.07
Wn/Wc
Boundary
Naish et al. (1998)
~1.1
Wn/Wc
LO Haeuslerella
pliocenica
Hornibrook et al. (1990)
1.81
Pliocene/Pleistocene
boundary
Ogg et al. (1998)
2.1
Wn
LO Globorotalia
crassaformis (dextral)
Morgans et al. (1996)
~2.5
Wn
FO Globorotalia
crassacarina
Scott et al. (1990)
2.58
Wm/Wn
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996);
Naish et al. (1998)
2.6
Wm/Wn
FO Globorotalia
crassula
Scott et al. (1990);
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
3.0
Wp/Wm
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
3.0
Wp/Wm
FO Globorotalia
crassaformis (dextral)
Morgans et al. (1996)
3.0
Wp/Wm
FO Globorotalia
tosaensis
Scott et al. (1990)
3.0
Wp/Wm
LO Globorotalia
crassaconica
Scott et al. (1990)
3.2
Wp
LO Globorotalia
praehirsuta
Scott et al. (1990)
3.4
Wp
LO Globorotalia
subconomiozea
Scott et al. (1990);
Hornibrook (1982)
3.4
Wp
LO Globorotalia
pliozea
Hornibrook (1982)
3.6
u Wp
FO Globorotalia
puncticuloides
Scott et al. (1990)
3.6
Wp
FO Globorotalia
praehirsuta
Scott et al. (1990)
3.6
Wo/Wp
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
3.6
Wo/Wp
LO Hopkinsina mioindex
Hornibrook et al. (1989);
Boersma (1986)
3.6
Wo/Wp
LO Uvigerina hispida
Hornibrook et al. (1989);
Boersma (1986)
3.6
Wo/Wp
FO Globorotalia
inflata triangula
Scott et al. (1990)
3.6
Wo/Wp
LCO Globorotalia
pliozea
Scott et al. (1990)
3.7
Wo
FO Globorotalia
inflata
Morgans et al. (1996)
3.7
Wo
LO Globorotalia
puncticulata s.s.
Scott et al. (1990)
4.2
Wo
LO Zeaglobigerina
nepenthes
Berggren et al. (1996)
4.3
Wo
LO Globorotalia
margaritae
Ogg et al. (1998)
~4.7
Wo
FO Globorotalia
crassaconica
Scott et al. (1990)
~4.8
Wo
LO Globorotalia mons
Scott et al. (1990)
5.2
Miocene/Pliocene boundary
5.2
Tk/Wo
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
5.2
Tk/Wo
FO Globorotalia
puncticulata s.s.
Morgans et al. (1996)
5.2
Tk/Wo
LO Globorotalia
sphericomiozea
Scott et al. (1990);
Hornibrook and Jenkins (1994)
5.2
Tk/Wo
LO Globorotalia juanai
Scott et al. (1990)
5.2
Tk/Wo
FO Globorotalia
crassaformis
Scott et al. (1990)
5.4
Tk/Wo
FO Globorotalia
margaritae
Scott et al. (1990);
Srinivasan and Sinha (1992)
5.4
Tk
FO Globorotalia
pliozea
Scott et al. (1990)
5.5
Tk
FO Globorotalia mons
Scott et al. (1990)
5.6
l/u Tk
FO Globorotalia
sphericomiozea
Morgans et al. (1996);
Roberts et al. (1994)
5.6
l/u Tk
LO Globorotalia
miotumida
Morgans et al. (1996)
~6.6
Tt/Tk
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
~6.6
Tt/Tk
FO Bolivinita pliozea
Morgans et al. (1996)
~6.6
u Tk
FO Globorotalia juanai
Scott et al. (1990)
~7
u Tk
LO Bolboforma
pentaspinosa
Grützmacher (1993)
~8
u Tt
LO Rectuvigerina
ongleyi
Boersma (1986); Hornibrook
et al. (1989)
9.2
Tt
FCO Neogloboquadrina
pachyderma
Berggren (1992)
9.9
u/l Tt
LO Globoquadrina
dehiscens
Morgans et al. (1996);
Wright and Vella (1988); M. Crundwell, p.c. (1999)
10.0
l Tt
LO Globorotalia
miotumida (dextral)
M. Crundwell, p.c. (1999)
10.1
l Tt
FO Globorotalia
miotumida (dextral)
M. Crundwell, p.c. (1999)
(Tukemokihi coiling event)
~10.3
l Tt
LO Globorotalia
panda
Scott et al. (1990); Scott
(1995)
~10.5
l Tt
LO Orbulina suturalis
Jenkins (1967)
~10.7
l Tt
LO Globorotalia
miotumida (dextral)
Scott (1995); M. Crundwell,
p.c. (1999)
~10.5
l Tt
LO Bolboforma
subfragoris
Grützmacher (1993)
~11
lTt
LO Neogloboquadrina
continuosa
Kennett & Srinivasan
(1983)
10.9
l Tt
FO Globorotalia
miotumida (dextral)
Scott (1995); M. Crundwell,
p.c. (1999)
(Kaiti event)
10.9
l Tt
LO Paragloborotalia
mayeri
Scott (1995); M. Crundwell,
p.c. (1999)
11.3
Sw/Tt
FO Neogloboquadrina
pachyderma
Hornibrook et al. (1989);
Scott, p.c. (1999)
11.3
Sw/Tt
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
11.3
Sw/Tt
FO Bolivinita pohana
Morgans et al. (1996)
11.5
u Sw
FO Bolboforma
pentaspinosa
Grützmacher (1993)
11.5
u Sw
FO Bolboforma
subfragoris
Grützmacher (1993)
11.5
u Sw
FO Globorotalia
scitula
Scott et al. (1990)
11.8
u Sw
FO Globigerina
nepenthes
Ogg et al. (1998)
13
Sl/Sw
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
13
Sl/Sw
LO Globorotalia
conica
Morgans et al. (1996);
Scott (1991)
13
Sl/Sw
LO Globorotalia amuria
Morgans et al. (1996);
Scott (1991)
13
Sl/Sw
LO Fohsella
peripheroronda
Morgans et al. (1996);
Scott (1991)
13.2
Sl
FCO Paragloborotalia
mayeri s.s.
Scott (1991); Scott et al.
(1990)
~13.2
Sl
FO Globorotalia
miotumida
Scott et al. (1990)
~13.2
Sl
LO Globorotalia
praemenardii
Scott et al. (1990)
~13.2
Sl
LO Globigerinoides
bisphericus
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~14.5
l Sl
FO Orbulina universa
Scott, p.c. (1999)
14.8
l Sl
LO Praeorbulina
glomerosa
Berggren et al. (1995)
14.8
l Sl
LO Praeorbulina
circularis
Kennett and Srinivasan
(1983)
15
Sl
FO Globorotalia panda
Scott et al. (1990)
15.1
Sc/Sl
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
15.1
Sc/Sl
FO Orbulina suturalis
Berggren et al. (1995);
Morgans et al. (1996)
~15.1
Sc
LO Rectuvigerina
rerensis
Hornibrook et al. (1989);
Boersma (1986)
15.6
mSc
FO Praeorbulina
circularis
Jenkins (1967); Kennett
and Srinivasan (1983)
15.8
Sc
FO Globorotalia
praemenardii
Scott et al. (1990)
15.9
Sc
LO Globorotalia miozea
s.s.
Scott et al. (1990);
Berggren (1992)
~16
Sc
FO Globorotalia conica
Scott et al. (1990)
16
Sc
FO Paragloborotalia
mayeri
Scott et al. (1991)
16.3
Pl/Sc
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
16.3
Pl/Sc
FO Praeorbulina curva
Berggren et al. (1985);
Morgans et al. (1996)
16.3
Pl/Sc
LO Globorotalia
zealandica
Scott et al. (1990)
16.3
Pl/Sc
LO Paragloborotalia
bella
Scott et al. (1990)
16.4
u Pl
FO Planulina
wuellerstorfi
Boersma (1986)
16.4
u Pl
LO Catapsydrax
stainforthi
Kennett and Srinivasan
(1983)
16.7
m/u Pl
FO Globorotalia miozea
Morgans et al. (1996)
16.7
m/u Pl
LO Globorotalia
praescitula
Scott et al. (1990)
16.7
m/u Pl
LCO Globorotalia
zealandica
Scott et al. (1990)
~17
u Pl
FO Globigerinoides
bisphericus
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~17
u Pl
FO Fohsella
peripheronda
Scott et al. (1990)
~17
m Pl
Reappearance Globoquadrina
dehiscens
Scott et al. (1995)
~17.8
m Pl
LO Catapsydrax
dissimilis
Morgans et al., unpubl.
data
~18.5
m Pl
FO Sphaeroidinellopsis
disjuncta
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~18.6
l/m Pl
Local disappearance Globoquadrina
dehiscens
Scott et al. (1995)
18.6
l/m Pl
FO Globorotalia
zealandica
Morgans et al., unpubl.
data
18.5
l/m Pl
LO Globorotalia
incognita
Morgans et al., unpubl.
data
~19
l Pl
FO Globigerinoides
trilobus
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~19
l Pl
FO Globorotalia bella
Morgans et al., unpubl.
data
19
Po/Pl
Boundary
Morgans et al., unpubl.
data
19
Po/Pl
FO Globorotalia
praescitula
Morgans et al., unpubl.
data
21.6
Po
FO Globorotalia
incognita
Scott et al. (1990);
Berggren (1992)
22
l Po
FO Spiroloculina
novozealandica
Morgans et al., in press
22.1
Lw/Po
Boundary
Morgans et al., in press
22.1
Lw/Po
FO Ehrenbergina
marwicki
Morgans et al., in press
~22.2
l Lw
FO Zeaglobigerina
connecta
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
22.5
l Lw
LO Globigerina
brazieri
Morgans et al., in press
22.5
l/u Lw
LO Globigerina
euapertura
Morgans et al., in press
~23
Lw
FO Zeaglobigerina
woodi
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
23.8
Oligocene/Miocene Boundary
24
l Lw
FO Globigerina
brazieri
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~25
l Lw
FO Rectuvigerina
rerensis
Hornibrook et al. (1989);
Boersma (1986)
25
Ld/Lw
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
25
Ld/Lw
FO Globoquadrina
dehiscens
Morgans et al. (1996)
27.1
Lwh/Ld
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
27.1
Lwh/Ld
LO Paragloborotalia
opima opima
Berggren et al. (1995)
27.1
Lwh/Ld
FO Notorotalia spinosa
Hornibrook et al. (1989);
Morgans et al. (1996)
27
Lwh/Ld
LO Rotaliatina
sulcigera
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
28.5
u Lwh
LO Jenkinsina samwelli
Jenkins & Srinivasan
(1986)
28.5
u Lwh
LCO Chiloguembelina
cubensis
Li et al. (1992)
29.7
u Lwh
FO Tenuitellinata
juvenilis
Li et al. (1992)
30
l/u Lwh
LO Subbotina
angiporoides
Berggren (1992); Morgans
et al. (1996)
30.3
l Lwh
LO Turborotalia
ampliapertura
Ogg et al. (1998)
30.6
l Lwh
FO Paragloborotalia
opima opima
Berggren et al. (1995)
~32
l Lwh
FO Tenuitella munda
Jenkins & Srinivasan
(1986); Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~32
l Lwh
LCO Paragloborotalia
gemma
Jenkins & Srinivasan
(1986); Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~32
l Lwh
LO Globigerina brevis
Jenkins & Srinivasan
(1986); Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~33
l Lwh
LO Uvigerina bortotara
Hornibrook et al. (1989);
Boersma (1986)
~33.5
l Lwh
LO Pseudohastigerina
micra
Jenkins & Srinivasan
(1986); Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~33.5
l Lwh
LO Globorotalia
insolita
Jenkins & Srinivasan
(1986); Hornibrook et al. (1989)
33.7
Eocene/Oligocene Boundary
~34
l Lwh
LO Cibicidoides parki
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
34.3
Ar/Lwh
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
34.3
Ar/Lwh
LO Nuttallides
truempyi
van Morkhoven et al.
(1986)
34.3
Ar/Lwh
LO Globigerinatheka
index
Morgans et al. (1996)
~34.8
Ar
LO Ponticulasphaera
semiinvoluta
Jenkins (1967)
~35
Ar
FO Paragloborotalia
gemma
Jenkins & Srinivasan
(1986); Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~35
Ar
FO Globigerina
brevis
Jenkins & Srinivasan
(1986); Hornibrook et al. (1989)
35.5
Ar
FO Turborotalia
ampliapertura
Jenkins & Srinivasan
(1986); Hornibrook et al. (1989)
35.5
Ak/Ar
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
35.5
Ak/Ar
FO Sphaeroidina
bulloides
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
35.5
Ak/Ar
FO Bolivina pontis
Morgans et al. (1996)
37
Ab/Ak
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
42
Dp/Ab
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
42
Dp/Ab
FO Globigerinatheka
index s.s.
Morgans et al. (1996)
55.5
Paleocene/Eocene Boundary
55.5
Dt/Dw
Boundary
Morgans et al. (1996)
~55.5
Dt/Dw
LO Rzehakina epigona
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~55.5
Dt/Dw
LO Spiroplectammina
spectabilis
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~55.5
Dt/Dw
LO Conotrochammina
whangaia
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~55.5
Dt/Dw
LO Alabamina creta
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~55.5
Dt/Dw
LO Nuttallides
florealis
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~55.5
Dt/Dw
LO Valvulineria
teuriensis
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~63
Dt
FO Allomorphina conica
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~63
Dt
FO Nuttallides
carinotruempyi
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
~63
Dt
FO Nuttallides
florealis
Hornibrook et al. (1989)
Note: FO = first occurrence, LO = last occurrence, FCO = first common occurrence, p.c. = personal communication. For other abbreviations, see Figure F7. This table is also available in ASCII format.