Table T3. Dating the Miocene planktonic foraminifer zonal boundaries.
Zonal boundary
Age by B95*
(Ma)
Age by CP97 (Ma)
Age difference (Ma)
Site 1148 depth (mcd)
Site 1146 depth (mcd)
N18/N19 4.7 5.54 +0.84 188 328
N17/N18 5.6 5.82 +0.22 196 352
N16/N17 8.3 8.58 +0.28 244 408
N15/N16 10.9 9.82 –1.08 260 426
N14/N15 11.4 10.49 –0.91 275 445
N13/N14 11.8 11.19 –0.61 284 475
N12/N13 12.3 11.68 0.62 482
N11/N12 12.5 13.42 0.9 303 506
N10/N11 12.7 14 1.3 309 519
N9/N10 14.8 312 523
N8/N9 15.1 320 540
N7/N8 16.4 355 600
N6/N7 17.3 365 616
N5/N6 18.8 367
N4/N5 21.5 409
P22/N4 23.8 460

Notes: * = ages by Berggren et al. (1995), † = ages adjusted by Chaisson and Pearson (1997) and Pearson and Chaisson (1997). At Site 1148, the Zone N12/N13 boundary is undecided, and the Zone N6/N7 boundary at 367 mcd (‡) is estimated to be ~18 Ma on the local FO of Globigerinatella insueta (Table T1). Site 1146 data are from Wang (2001).