APPENDIX

Floral List

Achnanthes groenlandica (Cleve) Grunow; Akiba, 1986, pl. 30, figs. 9, 10.

 Achnanthes cf. deliculata (Kütz) Grunow; Desikachary and Prema, 1987, pl. 375, fig. 5.

Actinocyclus cubitus Hanna and Grant; Schrader, 1973, pl. 19, fig. 7 (Pl. P4, fig. 1).

Actinocyclus curvatulus Janisch; Schrader, 1973, pl. 19, fig. 2; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 3, fig. 9; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 3, fig. 4 (Pl. P4, fig. 2).

Actinocyclus ellipticus Grunow; Baldauf, 1984, pl. 6, fig. 4 (Pl. P4, fig. 3).

Actinocyclus ellipticus var. elongatus (Grunow) Kolbe; Akiba, 1986, pl. 16, fig. 10; Barron, 1985a, pl. 7, fig. 4. (Pl. P4, fig. 4).
Remarks: Also listed as Actinocyclus ellipticus Grunow in Van Huerck, 1883; Baldauf, 1984, pl. 6, fig. 7.

Actinocyclus ingens Rattray; Akiba, 1986, pl. 16, figs. 6, 9; Barron, 1985a, pl. 6, fig. 9; Baldauf, 1984, pl. 7, figs. 1, 2, 5, 7 (Pl. P4, fig. 5).

Actinocyclus ingens var. nodus Baldauf; Baldauf and Barron, 1980, pl. 1, fig. 7.

Actinocyclus octonarius Ehrenberg; Akiba, 1986.  
Synonym: Actinocyclus ehrenbergii Ralphs in Pritchard; Schrader, 1973, pl. 19, fig. 1.

Actinocyclus oculatus Jousé; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 3, fig. 12; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 1, fig. 11 (Pl. P4, fig. 7).

Actinocyclus radiatus Rattray; Desikachary and Prema, 1987, pl. 223, fig. 2.

Actinoptychus senarius (Ehrenberg) Ehrenberg; Akiba, 1986, pl. 29, fig. 2.  
Synonym: (1) Actinocyclus senarius Ehrenberg; (1) Actinoptychus undulatus (Bailey) Ralfs in Pritchard, Hustedt, 1929; Schrader, 1973, pl. 22, figs. 4, 12, 15, 17(?).

Actinoptychus splendens (Shädbolt) Ralfs in Pritchard; Schrader, 1973, pl. 22, figs. 10, 11, 13, 14, 16 (Pl. P5, fig. 2).

Amphora costata W. Smith; Akiba, 1986, pl. 30, fig. 7.

Arachnoidiscus schmidtii n. sp.; Hajos, 1976, pl. 8, figs. 1, 2 (Pl. P5, fig. 3).

Asterolampa acutiloba Forti in Tempère and Peragallo; Akiba, 1986, pl. 15, fig. 8; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 2, fig. 5; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 1, fig. 12.  
Remarks: Listed as Asterolampa acutiloba Frenguelli; Barron, 1985a, pl. 6, fig. 6.

Asteromphalus arachne (Brébisson) Ralfs in Pritchard; Schrader, 1974, pl. 9, fig. 11; Barron, 1980, pl. 2, fig. 2 (Pl. P5, fig. 4).

Asteromphalus brookei Bailey; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 2, fig. 7.

Asteromphalus flabellatus (Brébisson) Grevielle; Schrader, 1974, pl. 8, fig. 3.

Asteromphalus hepatis (Brébisson) Ralfs in Pritchard; Schrader, 1974, pl. 8, fig. 1; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 2, fig. 1 (Pl. P5, fig. 5).

Asteromphalus hookerii Ehrenberg; Schrader, 1973, pl. 21, fig. 6; Schrader, 1974, pl. 8, fig. 7.

Asteromphalus robustus Castracane; Schrader, 1974, pl. 8, fig. 6.

Azpeitia neocrenulata VanLandingham; Hasle and Syvertsen, 1996, pl. 20 (Pl. P5, fig. 6).

Azpeitia nodulifera (A. Schmidt) G. Fryxell and P.A. Sims (Pl. P3, fig. 7).  
Synonym: Coscinodiscus nodulifer A. Schmidt; Akiba, 1986, pl. 2, figs. 6, 7, pl. 3, fig. 6; Barron, 1985a, pl. 3, fig. 1; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 3, fig. 8; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 4, fig. 3.

Azpeitia nodulifera var. cyclopus (Jousé) G. Fryxell and P.A. Sims (Pl. P3, fig. 6).  
Synonym: Coscinodiscus nodulifer var. cyclopus Jousé; Barron, 1980, pl. 4, fig. 3.

Bacillaria paxillifera (O.F. Muller) Hendey; Hendey, 1951, pl. 31, fig. 2.

Bacteriosira bathyomphala (Cleve) Syvertsen and Hasle (vide Hasle and Syvertsen). Hasle and Syvertsen, 1996 (Pl. P7, figs. 1, 2).

Bacteriostrum hyalinum Castracane; Desikachary and Prema, 1987, pl. 243, fig. 3.  
Remarks: Positive identification is difficult because all specimens were broken with only central hyaline area observable.

Biddulphia cf. moholensis Schrader; Schrader, 1974, pl. 19, figs. 2, 3.

Cestodiscus species A Schrader, 1976, pl. 12, fig. 15.  
Remarks: Only one fragment was found; therefore, no taxonomic study was made.

Chaetoceros species resting spores; Akiba, 1986, pl. 17, figs. 4-6, 13.

Cocconeis costata Gregory; Akiba, 1986, pl. 30, fig. 1.

Cocconeis cf. pseudomarginata Gregory; John, 1983, pl. 35, fig. 7 (Pl. P7, fig. 3).

Cocconeis cf. scutellum Ehrenberg; Akiba, 1986, pl. 30, fig. 2.  
Remarks: Marine tychopelagic/benthic (Akiba, 1986).

Coscinodiscus asteromphalus Ehrenberg; Hasle and Syvertsen 1996, pl. 15 (Pl. P3, fig. 1).

Coscinodiscus curvatulus Grunow; Barron, 1980, pl. 3, fig. 7 (Pl. P3, fig. 2).

Coscinodiscus endoi Kanaya; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 4, fig. 12 (Pl. P3, fig. 3).

Coscinodiscus marginatus Ehrenberg; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 3, fig. 7 (Pl. P3, figs. 4, 5).

Coscinodiscus nitidus Gregory; Barron, 1975, pl. 7, fig. 3.

Coscinodiscus radiatus Ehrenberg; Barron, 1985a, pl. 3, fig. 7 (Pl. P3, fig. 8).

Coscinodiscus tabularis Akiba, 1986, pl. 2, figs. 3, 4; Barron, 1985a, pl. 3, fig. 4 (Pl. P3, fig. 9).

Coscinodiscus yabei Kanaya; Barron, 1985a, pl. 4, fig. 7; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 3, figs. 10, 11.

Craspedodiscus coscinodiscus Ehrenberg; Barron, 1985a, pl. 2, fig. 3.

Cyclotella striata (Kützing) Grunow; Akiba, 1986, pl. 4, figs. 8-10.  
Remarks: Northern temperate region, littoral (Hasle and Syvertsen, 1996).

Delphineis cf. angustata (Pantocsek) Andrews; Akiba, 1986, pl. 20, figs. 4-7.

Delphineis simonsenii (Mertz) Akiba; Akiba, 1986, pl. 20, figs. 12-13 (Pl. P7, fig. 5).

Delphineis surirella (Ehrenberg) Andrews; Akiba, 1986, pl. 20, figs. 2, 3 (Pl. P7, fig. 6).  
Synonym: Rhaphoneis surirella (Ehrenberg) Grunow

Denticulopsis hyalina (Schrader) Simonsen; Grunow; Akiba, 1986, pl. 29, figs. 16, 17; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 1, fig. 3 (Pl. P9, figs. 4, 5).

Denticulopsis simonsenii n. sp. Yanagisawa and Akiba, 1990, pl. 3, figs. 1-3, pl. 11, figs. 1, 5 (Pl. P9, figs. 1-3, 6, 7).  
Synonym: Denticulopsis hustedtii (Simonsen and Kanaya) Simonsen; Akiba, 1986, pl. 28, figs. 5-18; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 1, figs. 7, 8.

Diploneis bombus Ehrenberg; Akiba, 1986, pl. 30, fig. 13.

Diploneis smithii (Brébisson) Cleve; Akiba, 1986, pl. 30, fig. 8 (Pl. P7, fig. 10).

Epithemia species A (Pl. P7, fig. 8).

Gomphonema cf. affine; Laws, 1988, pl. 29, fig. 10 (Pl. P6, fig. 6).

Gomphonema cf. rhombicum; Laws, 1988, pl. 29, fig. 8.

Grammatophora arcuata Ehrenberg; Akiba, 1986, pl. 29, fig. 11.

Grammatophora cf. oceanica (Ehrenberg) Grunow; Akiba, 1986, pl. 29, figs. 16, 17.

Hemidiscus cuneiformis Wallich; Akiba, 1986, pl. 16, figs. 3, 4; Barron, 1985a, pl. 9, fig. 12; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 5, fig. 12; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 4, fig. 4.

Ikebea tenuis (Brun) Akiba; Akiba, 1986, pl. 19, figs. 1-5.  
Remarks: Only one fragment was found.

Kisseleviella ezoensis Akiba; Akiba, 1986, pl. 19, figs. 13-16.  
Remarks: Only one fragment was found.

Lyrella species A.

Melosira albicans Sheshukova-Poretzkaya; Akiba, 1986, pl. 4, figs. 11, 12.

Melosira sol (Ehrenberg) Kützing; Sancetta, 1982, pl. 3, fig. 4.

Navicula cf. digitoradiata (Gregory) Ralfs; Desikachary and Prema, 1987, pl. 370, fig. 16.  
Remarks: Only a few fragments were found.

Navicula cf. flanatica Grunow; Witowski, 1994, pl. 30, figs. 2, 3 (Pl. P7, fig. 7).

Navicula lyrella Ehrenberg; Desikachary et al., 1987, pl. 160, figs. 3, 4, 6 (Pl. P7, fig. 11).

Navicula cf. oestrupii Schulz; Witowski, 1994, pl. 32, figs. 2-6.

Neodenticula kamtschatica (Zabelina) Akiba and Yanagisawa, 1986; Akiba, 1986, pl. 25, figs. 7-27 (Pl. P9, fig. 8).

Neodenticula koizumii Akiba et Yanagisawa; Akiba and Yanagisawa, 1986, pl. 21, figs. 22-28, pl. 23, figs. 1-12, pl. 24, fig. 19; Yanagisawa and Akiba, 1990, pl. 7, figs. 38-41 (42-44) (Pl. P9, fig. 9).

Neodenticula seminae (Simonsen et Kanaya) Akiba et Yanagisawa; Yanagisawa and Akiba, 1990, pl. 7, figs. 45-49; Akiba, 1986, pl. 25, figs. 28-32 (Pl. P9, fig. 10).

Nitzschia fossilis (Frenguelli) Kanaya; Akiba, 1986, pl. 4, figs. 11, 12; Barron, 1985a, pl. 8, figs. 8, 9; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 1, fig. 18, pl. 6, fig. 12 (Pl. P8, fig. 1).

Nitzschia interruptestriata Simonsen; Akiba, 1986, pl. 24, fig. 2; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 6, fig. 8 (Pl. P8, figs. 2, 3).

Nitzschia jouseae Burckle; Akiba, 1986, pl. 23, figs. 4, 5, 11; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 1, fig. 12, pl. 6, fig. 12; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 1, fig. 4 (Pl. P8, fig. 4).

Nitzschia kolaczekii Grunow; Akiba, 1986, pl. 24, fig. 5 (Pl. P8, fig. 5).

Nitzschia marina Grunow; Akiba, 1986, pl. 22, fig. 12; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 6, figs. 1, 2; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 2, fig. 7 (Pl. P8, fig. 6).

Nitzschia panduriformis var. minor Grun; Desikachary et al., 1987, p. 7, pl. 166, fig. 7.  
Remarks: Only one fragment was found.

Nitzschia pliocena (Brun) Mertz; Akiba, 1986, pl. 23, figs. 6-9 (Pl. P8, fig. 7).

Nitzschia reinholdii Kanaya and Koizumi; Barron, 1985a, pl. 8, fig. 22 (Pl. P8, fig. 8).  
Synonym: (1) N. reinholdii Kanaya ex Schrader, 1973 in Akiba, 1986, pl. 22, figs. 4-5; (2) N. reinholdii Kanaya; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 6, figs. 3, 4; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 1, fig. 6.

Nitzschia rolandii Schrader; Akiba, 1986, pl. 24, fig. 13, pl. 25, figs. 1-6 (Pl. P8, fig. 9).

Nitzschia cf. seriata Cleve; Akiba, 1986, pl. 24, fig. 1.

Nitzschia cf. sicula (Castracane) Hustedt; Akiba, 1986, pl. 24, fig. 4 (Pl. P7, figs. 10, 11).

Odontella aurita (Lyngbye) Agardh; Akiba, 1986, pl. 17, figs. 2, 3.

Paralia sulcata (Ehrenberg) Cleve; Akiba, 1986, pl. 29, figs. 4, 5.  
Synonym: Melosira sulcata (Ehrenberg).

Pleurosigma cf. n. sp. Schrader; Schrader and Fenner, 1976, pl. 5, fig. 25.

Podosira cf. maxima (Kützing) Grunow; Barron, 1975, pl. 11, fig. 15.  
Remarks: Only one fragment was found.

Porosira glacialis (Grunow) Jørgensen; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 4, fig. 13.

Proboscia barboi (Brun) Jordan and Priddle; Akiba, 1986, pl. 18, fig. 2; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 6, fig. 16 (Pl. P6, fig. 7).  
Synonym: (1) Simonseniella barboi Brun; (2) Rhizosolenia barboi Brun.

Proboscia curvirostris (Jousé) Jordan and Priddle; Akiba, 1986, pl. 18, fig. 3; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 1, fig. 8 (Pl. P6, fig. 8).  
Synonym: (1) Simonseniella curvirostris Jousé; (2) Rhizosolenia curvirostris Jousé.

Pseudoeunotia doliolus (Wallich) Grunow; Akiba, 1986, pl. 22, figs. 1-2; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 1, fig. 17, pl. 6, fig. 5; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 1, fig. 3 (Pl. P8, fig. 12).  
Remarks: Medlin and Sims (1993) proposed to synonymize Pseudoeunotia with Fragilariopsis and to conserve the junior synonym Fragilariopsis primarily because it contains numerous species, whereas Pseudoeunotia contains only one species, P. doliolus. That proposal has not been universally accepted or applied, especially in biostratigraphic literature (i.e., Barron and Gladenkov, 1995; Koç et al., 1999). Therefore, Pseudoeunotia is used in this report to conform to the common usage in biostratigraphic literature and the name of the equatorial Pacific diatom zonation proposed by Barron (1985a, 1985b).

Rhaphoneis amphiceros Ehrenberg; Akiba, 1986, pl. 20, fig. 19.

Rhaphoneis cf. ischaboensis (Grunow) Mertz; Akiba, 1986, pl. 20, figs. 8-11.

Rhizosolenia hebetata var. hiemalis Gran; Akiba, 1986, pl. 17, figs. 10, 11, pl. 18, figs. 9, 10.

Rhizosolenia praebergonii Mukhina; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 1, fig. 7; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 6, fig. 13 (Pl. P6, fig. 1).  
Synonym: Rhizosolenia bergonii Pergallo; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 2, fig. 4; pl. 6, fig. 14.

Rhizosolenia styliformis ("A") Brightwell; Schrader, 1973, pl. 10, fig. 21.

Rhizosolenia styliformis ("B") Brightwell; Akiba, 1986, pl. 18, fig. 4.

Rhizosolenia species A.  
Remarks: Only one fragment was found; therefore, no taxonomic study was made.

Roperia tesselata (Roper) Grunow; Akiba, 1986, pl. 16, fig. 7; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1986, pl. 5, figs. 5, 6; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 2, fig. 8 (Pl. P6, fig. 2).

Rosiella tatsunokuchiensis (Koizumi) Gersonde and Schrader; Akiba, 1986, pl. 19, figs. 7-9; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 1, fig. 5 (Pl. P6, fig. 3).  
Synonym: Bogorovia tatsunokuchiensis Koizumi; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1986, pl. 1, fig. 19.

Rosiella cf. tatsunokuchiensis Koizumi; Akiba, 1986, pl. 19, figs. 10-12 (Pl. P6, fig. 4).

Rouxia californica M. Peragallo; Akiba, 1986, pl. 21, figs. 5, 6; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 1, fig. 21 (Pl. P6, fig. 5).

Screptoneis species A.  
Remarks: Only one fragment was found; therefore, no taxonomic study was made.

Stephanodiscus astreae var. minutula Grun; Schader, 1973, pl. 13, figs. 19, 20.

Stephanodiscus species A.

Stephanodiscus species B.

Stephanopyxis marginata Grunow; Schrader and Fenner, 1976, pl. 20, fig. 3.

Stephanopyxis turris (Greville and Arnott) Ralfs; Barron, 1975, pl. 13, figs. 1-3.

Surirella cf. ovata? (Pl. P7, fig. 4).

Synedra miocenica Schrader; Akiba, 1986, pl. 21, fig. 7.

Terpinsoe species A.  
Remarks: Only one fragment was found; therefore, no taxonomic study was made.

Thalassionema nitzschioides (Grunow) H. and M. Pergallo; Akiba, 1986, pl. 21, fig. 11; Barron, 1985a, pl. 8, figs. 13, 15; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 2, fig. 5.

Thalassionema nitzschioides var. lanceolata (Grunow) H. and M. Pergallo; Desikachary et al., 1987, pl. 200, figs. 17-19.

Thalassiosira antiqua (Grunow) Cleve-Euler; Akiba, 1986, pl. 12, figs. 1, 3, 4; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 4, fig. 9 (Pl. P1, figs. 1, 2).

Thalassiosira burckliana Schrader; Akiba, 1986, pl. 10, fig. 5; Barron, 1985a, pl. 4, fig. 6.

Thalassiosira convexa Mukhina; Akiba, 1986, pl. 8, fig. 1; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 1, fig. 10 (Pl. P1, figs. 3, 4).  
Remarks: Listed as Thalassiosira convexa var. convexa Mukhina; Barron, 1985a, pl. 5, fig. 9.

Thalassiosira decipiens (Grunow) Jørgensen; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 3, figs. 10, 11; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 4, fig. 2 (Pl. P1, fig. 5).

Thalassiosira eccentrica (Ehrenberg) Cleve; Akiba, 1986, pl. 14, fig. 13; Barron, 1985a, pl. 5, fig. 1; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 2, fig. 3 (Pl. P1, fig. 6).

Thalassiosira gravida Cleve; Akiba, 1986, pl. 10, figs. 1-4; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 3, fig. 5 (Pl. P1, fig. 7).

Thalassiosira grunowii Akiba and Yanagisawa, 1986, pl. 27, fig. 5.  
Synonym: Coscinodiscus plicatus Grunow; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 3, figs. 3, 4.

Thalassiosira jacksonii Koizumi and Barron; Akiba, 1986, pl. 11, fig. 2; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 4, fig. 7.

Thalassiosira jouseae Akiba; Akiba, 1986, pl. 6, figs. 8-10 (Pl. P1, fig. 8).

Thalassiosira leptopus (Grunow) Hasle and Fryxell; Akiba, 1986, pl. 14, fig. 12; Barron, 1985a, pl. 5, fig. 5; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 2, fig. 4 (Pl. P1, fig. 9).

Thalassiosira lineata Jousé; Akiba, 1986, pl. 14, figs. 7, 9; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 4, fig. 6 (Pl. P2, fig. 1).

Thalassiosira marujamica Sheshukova-Poretzkaya; Akiba, 1986, pl. 13, figs. 1-7.

Thalassiosira nidulus (Tempère and Brun) Jousé; Akiba, 1986, pl. 6, figs. 4-7.

Thalassiosira nordenskioldi Cleve; Akiba, 1986, pl. 5, fig. 8.

Thalassiosira oestrupii (Ostenfeld) Proshkina-Lavrenko; Akiba, 1986, pl. 14, figs. 1-6; Barron, 1985a, pl. 4, fig. 5; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 4, figs. 4-6; pl. 5, figs. 1-4, 11; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 2, fig. 1 (Pl. P2, fig. 2).

Thalassiosira pacifica; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 4, fig. 13.

Thalassiosira plicata Schrader; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 3, fig. 13; pl. 5, figs. 7, 8 (Pl. P2, fig. 3).

Thalassiosira cf. praeconvexa (Burckle) Schrader; Akiba, 1986, pl. 8, fig. 5.

Thalassiosira punctata Jousé; Akiba, 1986, pl. 9, figs. 5, 6.

Thalassiosira symbolophora Grunow; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 5, figs. 9, 10 (Pl. P2, fig. 4).

Thalassiosira symmetrica (Ehrenberg) Cleve; Akiba, 1986, pl. 14, fig. 13 (Pl. P2, fig. 5).

Thalassiosira trifulta Fryxell; Akiba, 1986, pl. 10, figs. 5-7; Koizumi and Tanimura, 1985, pl. 3, fig. 7; Koizumi, 1986, pl. 3, fig. 9 (Pl. P2, fig. 6).

Thalassiosira zabelinae Jousé; Akiba, 1986, pl. 8, fig. 11.

Thalassiosira species A; Akiba, 1986, pl. 15, fig. 7 (Pl. P2, fig. 7).

Thalassiothrix longissima Cleve and Grunow; Akiba, 1986, pl. 21, fig. 18; Barron, 1985a, pl. 8, fig. 16.

Thalassiothrix robusta Schrader; Akiba, 1986, pl. 21, fig. 4.  
Remarks: Only one fragment was found.

Triceratium alternans Bailey; Akiba, 1986, pl. 29, figs. 13, 14.

Triceratium cinnamomeum Greville; Schrader, 1974, pl. 20, figs. 10, 11.

Unknown species A (Pl. P7, fig. 9).  
Remarks: Only one specimen was found; therefore, no taxonomic study was made.