APPENDIX

Actinocyclus actinochilus (Ehrenberg) Simonsen, 1982; Fenner et. al., 1974, p. 771 (as Charcotia actinochilus [Ehrenberg] Hustedt), pl. 5, fig. 5.

 

Actinocyclus fasciculatus Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 727, pl. 13, figs. 14, 15.

 

Actinocyclus ingens Rattray 1890; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 700, pl. 8, fig. 10; pl. 11, figs. 4, 6; pl. 12, fig. 8.

 

Actinocyclus aff. ingens Rattray, 1891; Schrader, 1973, p. 663, pl. 11, figs. 6, 7.

 

Actinocyclus karstenii Van Heurck, 1909; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 700, pl. 13, figs. 1, 2, 6-8, 11, 13.

 

Actinocyclus maccollumii Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 700, pl. 17, fig. 29.

 

Actinocyclus fryxellae Barron, in Baldauf and Barron, 1991, p. 585, pl. 1, figs. 1, 2, 4.

 

Actinoptychus senarius Ehrenberg, 1838; Gombos, 1976, p. 655, pl. 26, figs. 1-3 (as Actinoptychus undulatus [Bailey] Ralfs).

 

Asteromphalus parvulus Karsten, 1905.

 

Azpeitia tabularis (Grunow) Fryxell and Sims, 1986; Akiba, 1982, p. 42, pl. 2, figs. 6-10.

 

Chaetoceros bulbosum (Ehrenberg) Heiden, 1928; Priddle and Fryxell, 1985, p. 25, fig. C.

 

Chaetoceros spp. Ehrenberg, 1844.

Remarks: This group includes cysts, setae, and rare vegetative forms.

 

Cocconeis spp. Ehrenberg, 1838.

 

Corethron criophilum Castracane, 1886; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 701, pl. 5, fig. 15; pl. 19, figs. 12-15.

 

Coscinodiscus marginatus Ehrenberg, Hustedt, 1930; Barron, 1981, p. 118, pl. 1, fig. 2.

 

Coscinodiscus spp. Ehrenberg, 1838.

 

Dactyliosolen antarcticus Castracane, 1886; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 702, pl. 18, fig. 12.

 

Denticulopsis delicata Yanagisawa and Akiba, 1990, p. 246, pl. 7, figs. 1-4.

 

Denticulopsis dimorpha (Schrader) Simonsen, 1979; Yanagisawa and Akiba, 1990, pp. 254-255, pl. 4, figs. 42-49; pl. 7, figs. 14-16.

 

Denticulopsis hustedtii (Simonsen and Kanaya) Simonsen, 1979; Yanagisawa and Akiba, 1990, pp. 246-248, pl. 3, figs. 15-16; pl. 11, figs. 11-13.

 

Denticulopsis lauta Simonsen, 1979; Yanagisawa and Akiba, 1990, pp. 235-236, pl. 2, figs. 6-8, 15; pl. 5, figs. 1-3; pl. 9, fig. 1.

 

Denticulopsis maccollumii Simonsen, 1979; Yanagisawa and Akiba, 1990, pp. 246-248, pl. 2, figs. 39-41.

 

Denticulopsis ovata (Schrader) Yanagisawa and Akiba, 1990, pp. 257-258, pl. 6, figs. 6-14, 24-32; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, pp. 702-703, pl. 6, figs. 1-4; pl. 7, figs. 1-4, 6-9, 11-13; pl. 9, figs. 1-4, 10-14; pl. 10, fig. 7 (as Denticulopsis meridonalis).

 

Denticulopsis simonsenii Yanagisawa and Akiba, 1990, pp. 242-243, pl. 3, figs. 1-3; pl. 11, figs. 1-5.

Remarks: Denticulopsis simonsenii was separated from Denticulopsis vulgaris using the species concepts illustrated and described by Yanagisawa and Akiba (1990). Denticulopsis simonsenii is characterized by two full rows of aerolae between the psuedosepta, in contrast to D. vulgaris, which has rows of areolation on either side (and near) each psuedosepta.

 

Denticulopsis vulgaris (Okuno) Yanagisawa and Akiba, 1990, pp. 243, 244, pl. 3, figs. 4-8; pl. 11, figs. 6-10.

Remarks: See notes under Denticulopsis simonsenii.

 

Denticulopsis sp. 3.

Remarks: Denticulopsis sp. 3 has larger and fewer areolae than D. simonsenii, with an outer valve view similar to that of Denticulopsis dimorpha var. areolata Yanagisawa and Akiba (1990) under light microscope (e.g., Yanagisawa and Akiba 1990, p. 287, pl. 5, figs. 13, 14).

 

Diploneis bomboides (Schmidt) Cleve, 1894-1895; Roberts and McMinn, 1999, p. 21, pl. 3, fig. 1 (as Diploneis splendidus [Gregory] Cleve, 1894-1895).

 

Diploneis subovalis Cleve, 1894; Harwood et al., 2000, p. 459, pl. 9, fig. 1.

 

Diploneis spp. Ehrenberg, 1844.

 

Drepanotheca sp. Schrader, 1969.

 

Eucampia antarctica (Castracane) Mangin, 1914; Mahood and Barron, 1996, p. 290, pl. 2, figs. 1-3; pl. 7, figs. 1, 2.

 

Fragilariopsis arcula (Gersonde) Gersonde and Bárcena, 1998; Gersonde, 1991, pp. 142-144 (as Nitzschia arcula Gersonde 1991), pl. 2, fig. 4; pl. 4, fig. 4; pl. 5, figs. 1-6.

 

Fragilariopsis aurica (Gersonde) Gersonde and Bárcena, 1998; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, pp. 144-146 (as Nitzschia aurica Gersonde 1991), pl. 1, figs. 18-25; pl. 3, fig. 5; pl. 4, figs. 5, 6; pl. 7, fig. 6.

 

Fragilariopsis barronii (Gersonde) Gersonde and Bárcena, 1998; Gersonde, 1991, pp. 146-147 (as Nitzschia barronii Gersonde 1991), pl. 3, fig. 6; pl. 4, figs. 1-3; pl. 5, figs. 7-17; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 704 (as Nitzschia barronii), pl. 17, figs. 27, 28.

 

Fragilariopsis barronii var. A and B of Whitehead, 2000 (as Fragilariopsis barronii var. A and B), pl. 5, figs 6-9.

 

Fragilariopsis curta (Van Heurck) Hasle, 1958; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 704, pl. 17, figs. 1-4 (as Nitzschia curta [Van Heurck] Hasle, 1972).

 

Fragilariopsis cylindrus (Grunow) Krieger, 1954; Medlin and Priddle, 1990, p. 181 (as Nitzschia cylindrus [Grunow] Hasle, 1972), pl. 24.6, figs. 6-11.

 

Fragilariopsis efferans (Schrader) Censarek and Gersonde; Schrader, 1976, p. 633 (as Nitzschia efferans Schrader 1976), pl. 2, figs. 1, 3, 5-7.

 

Fragilariopsis interfrigidaria (McCollum) Gersonde and Bárcena, 1998; Baldauf and Barron, 1991, p. 589 (as Nitzschia interfrigidaria McCollum, 1975), pl. 7, fig. 12.

 

Fragilariopsis kerguelensis (O'Meara) Hasle, 1952; Medlin and Priddle, 1990, p. 181 (as Nitzschia kerguelensis [O'Meara] Hasle, 1972), pl. 24.2, figs. 11-18; p. 187, pl. 24.3, fig. 9.

Remarks: Early forms of F. kerguelensis possess smaller areolae than typical modern forms and have been recorded as "early" within the range data.

 

Fragilariopsis lacrima (Gersonde) Gersonde and Bárcena, 1998; Gersonde, 1991, p. 148 (as Nitzschia lacrima Gersonde, 1991), pl. 1, figs. 1-6, 26; pl. 2, figs. 1-3.

 

Fragilariopsis matuyamae Gersonde and Bárcena, 1998, p. 93, pl. 1, figs. 1-9, 13-16; pl. 2, figs. 1, 4, 5, 7-9.

 

Fragilariopsis cf. lineata (Castracane) Hasle.

Remarks: This form resembles extant Fragilariopsis lineata under the light microscope.

 

Fragilariopsis obliquecostata (Van Heurck) Heiden in Heiden and Kolbe, 1928; Akiba 1982, p. 69, pl. 9, fig. 11.

 

Fragilariopsis cf. obliquecostata (Van Heurck) Heiden in Heiden and Kolbe, 1928.

Remarks: A heavily silicified form of F. obliquecostata was recorded as F. cf. obliquecostata.

 

Fragilariopsis praecurta (Gersonde) Gersonde and Bárcena, 1998; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 704 (as Nitzschia praecurta Gersonde, 1991), pl. 17, figs. 25, 26.

 

Fragilariopsis praeinterfrigidaria (McCollum) Gersonde and Bárcena, 1998; Barron, 1985, p. 805 (as Nitzschia praeinterfrigidaria McCollum, 1975), fig. 14, figs. 5, 6.

 

Fragilariopsis ritscheri Hustedt, 1958; Bohaty et al., 1998, pl. 1, fig. 8.

 

Fragilariopsis rhombica (O'Meara) Hustedt, 1952; Abbott 1974, p. 339, pl. 7, figs. D, E.

 

Fragilariopsis separanda var. A of Whitehead, 2000, pl. 5, figs. 14, 15.

 

Fragilariopsis sublinearis (Van Heurck) Heiden, 1928; Medlin and Priddle, 1990, pp. 181-182 (as Nitzschia sublinearis Hasle, 1972), pl. 14.5, figs. 1-10.

 

Fragilariopsis weaveri (Ciesielski) Gersonde and Bárcena, 1998; Ciesielski, 1983, p. 655 (as Nitzschia weaveri Ciesielski, 1983), pl. 1, figs. 1-10.

 

Fragilariopsis spp. Hustedt, 1913.

 

Hemiaulus polymorphus Grunow, 1884; Fenner, 1978, p. 522, pl. 21, fig. 11; pl. 22, figs., 4, 5, 7-10; pl. 23, figs. 1-4.

 

Hemiaulus spp. Ehrenberg, 1844.

 

Hemidiscus karstenii Jousé, 1962; Barron, 1985, p. 786, figs. 14, 20.

 

Isthmia spp. Agardh, 1832.

 

Liradiscus spp. Greville, 1865.

 

Navicula directa (Smith) Ralfs in Pritchard, 1861; Roberts and McMinn, 1999, p. 31, pl. 4, fig. 13.

 

Navicula spp. Bory, 1822.

 

Nitzschia grossepunctata Schrader, 1976; Gersonde and Burckle, 1990, p. 780, pl. 2, figs. 3-6.

 

Nitzschia reinholdii Kanaya in Barron and Baldauf, 1986; Gersonde and Burckle, 1990, p. 782, pl. 2, fig. 1.

 

Nitzschia spp. Hassall 1845.

 

Odontella weissflogii (Janisch) Grunow.

 

Paralia spp. Heiberg, 1863.

 

Pinnularia spp. Ehrenberg, 1841.

 

Porosira psuedodenticulata (Hustedt) Jousé, 1962.

 

Proboscia barboi (Brün) Jordan and Priddle, 1991; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 706 (as Simonseniella barboi [Brün] Fenner), pl. 11, fig. 13.

 

Proboscia sp. A.

Remarks: This form possesses long apices that are broadly rounded.

 

Pyxilla reticulata Grove and Sturt, 1887; Harwood and Bohaty, 2001, p. 329, pl. 4, figs. 1, 3, 4, 9.

 

Pyxilla spp. Greville, 1865.

 

Rhizosolenia costata Gersonde, 1991, p. 149-150, pl. 9, figs. 1-6.

 

Rhizosolenia hebetata group Bailey, 1856; Koizumi, 1973, p. 833, pl. 5, fig. 35.

Remarks: This group consists of Rhizosolenia spp. lacking otaria.

 

Rhizosolenia hebetata f. hiemalis-spinosa Gran sensu Schrader, 1976, p. 635, pl. 9, fig 3.

Remarks: This form is finer in structure and less heavily silicified than Rhizosolenia hebetata f. hiemalis.

 

Rhizosolenia hebetata f. hiemalis Grun, 1904.

Remarks: This form appears more hyaline toward the apices and possesses reduced areolation compared to R. hebetata f. hiemalis-spinosa forms noted in the current study.

 

Rhizosolenia oligocaenica Schrader, 1976, p. 635, pl. 9, fig. 7.

 

Rhizosolenia styliformis group Brightwell, 1858; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 705, pl. 18, fig. 20.

Remarks: This group consists of Rhizosolenia spp. with otaria.

 

Rhizosolenia sp. A.

Remarks: This form is similar to R. hebetata but possesses curved apices.

 

Rhizosolenia sp. D of Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 705, pl. 18, figs. 7, 8.

 

Rouxia antarctica (Heiden) Hanna, 1930; Bohaty et al., 1998, pl. 1, fig 7.

 

Rouxia diploneides Schrader, 1973; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 705, pl. 17, fig. 12.

 

Rouxia heteropolara Gombos, 1974; Gersonde and Burckle, 1990, p. 782, pl. 5, fig. 2.

 

Rouxia isopolica Schrader, 1976, pp. 635-636, pl. 5, figs. 9, 14, 15, 20.

 

Rouxia naviculoides Schrader, 1973, p. 710, pl. 3, figs. 27-32.

 

Rouxia spp. Brün and Heribaud, 1893.

 

Stephanopyxis turris (Greville and Arnott) Ralfs in Pritchard, 1861; Harwood, 1989, p. 81, pl. 2, figs. 21-23.

 

Stephanopyxis spp. Ehrenberg, 1845.

 

Stellarima microtrias (Ehrenberg) Hasle and Sims, 1986; Harwood, 1989, p. 80, pl. 1, fig. 4.

 

Stellarima stellaris (Roper) Hasle and Sims, 1986; Harwood, 1989, p. 80, pl. 1, fig. 3.

 

Synedra sp. A.

Remarks: Valve length = 30 µm, width = ~3-4 µm, and apices are broadly rostrate.

 

Synedropsis sp. A Scherer et al., 2000, p. 440, pl. 2, fig. 14 (as "Tigeria" sp. A).

 

Synedropsis sp. B Scherer et al., 2000, p. 440, pl. 2, figs. 15, 16 (as "Tigeria" sp. B and C).

 

Synedropsis sp. C Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 706 (as Synedra sp. 1), pl. 17, figs. 6, 7.

Remarks: Valves are triundulate in outline.

 

Synedropsis spp. Hasle et al.

 

Thalassionema nitzschioides var. 1 of Bohaty et al., in press.

Remarks: This variety has one spatulate-shaped apice.

 

Thalassionema spp. Grunow in Van Heurck, 1881.

 

Thalassiosira antarctica Comber, 1896; Roberts and McMinn, 1999, p. 48, pl. 9, figs. 3, 4.

 

Thalassiosira complicata Gersonde, 1991; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 707, pl. 14, figs. 18-21.

 

Thalassiosira cf. eccentrica (Ehrenberg) Cleve; Fryxell and Hasle, 1972, p. 300, figs. 1-18.

 

Thalassiosira elliptipora (Donahue) Fenner in Mahood and Barron, 1996, pp. 292-294, pl. 4, fig. 3; pl. 5, figs. 4a-7c; pl. 8, fig. 8; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 707, pl. 16, fig. 12.

 

Thalassiosira fasciculata Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 729, pl. 15, figs. 4-6.

 

Thalassiosira gracilis var. gracilis (Karsten) Hustedt, 1958; Johansen and Fryxell, 1985, pp. 168-170, figs. 58, 59.

 

Thalassiosira insigna (Jousé) Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 707, pl. 14, figs. 3-5.

 

Thalassiosira inura/insigna "intermediate forms" Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 707, pl. 14, figs. 7-10.

 

Thalassiosira inura Gersonde, 1991; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 707, pl. 5, fig. 14; p. 728, pl. 14, figs. 12-14, 16.

Remarks: In the present study, T. inura is limited to specimens with a central hyaline patch that spans at least one-fourth of the valve diameter.

 

Thalassiosira jacksonii Koizumi and Barron in Koizumi; Baldauf and Barron, 1991, p. 591, pl. 6, fig. 7.

Remarks: Thalassiosira jacksonii is present below the first occurrence of T. inura, and we differentiate T. jacksonii by its finer areolation and reduced central hyaline area compared to T. inura.

 

Thalassiosira kolbei (Jousé) Gersonde, 1990; McCollum, 1975, p. 527 (as Coscinodiscus kolbei Jousé, 1962), pl. 4, figs. 7-9.

 

Thalassiosira lentiginosa (Janisch) Fryxell, 1977; Johansen and Fryxell, 1985, p. 170, figs. 49, 50.

 

Thalassiosira maculata Johansen and Fryxell, 1985, p. 170, figs. 72-74.

 

Thalassiosira miocenica Schrader; Baldauf and Barron, 1991, p. 591, pl. 6, fig. 2.

 

Thalassiosira nansenii Scherer and Koç, 1996, p. 89, pl. 4, figs. 1-5.

 

Thalassiosira oliverana (O'Meara) Makarova and Nikolaev, 1983; Abbott, 1974, p. 319, pl. 2, figs. D-F.

 

Thalassiosira oliverana "coarse" (O'Meara) Makarova, sensu Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 708, pl. 14, figs. 6, 11.

 

Thalassiosira oliverana var. sparsa Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 708, pl. 16, fig. 13.

 

Thalassiosira praefraga Gladekov and Barron, 1995; Scherer et al., 2000, p. 440, pl. 2, figs. 3, 7.

 

Thalassiosira praeoestrupii Dumont et al., 1986, p. 373, pl. 1, figs. 1-12.

 

Thalassiosira ritscheri (Hustedt) Hasle, 1968; Johansen and Fryxell, 1985, p. 176, figs. 14, 56, 57.

 

Thalassiosira striata Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 708, pl. 15, figs. 7-9.

 

Thalassiosira tetraoestrupii Bodén, 1993; Mahood and Barron, 1995, figs. 9-19, 25, 26, 28-46.

 

Thalassiosira tetraoestrupii var. reimeri Mahood and Barron, 1995, figs. 1-8.

 

Thalassiosira torokina Brady, 1971; Mahood and Barron, 1996, p. 296, pl. 6, figs. 1-3.

 

Thalassiosira tumida (Janisch) Hasle in Heimdal and Fryxell, 1971; Johansen and Fryxell, 1985, p. 176, figs. 28-32.

 

Thalassiosira vulnifica (Gombos) Fenner, 1991; Harwood and Maruyama, 1992, p. 708, pl. 15, fig 1.

 

Thalassiosira spp. Cleve, 1873.

 

Thalassiothrix spp. Cleve and Grunow, 1880.

 

Trachyneis aspera (Ehrenberg) Cleve, 1984; Roberts and McMinn, 1999, p. 44, pl. 7, fig. 9.

 

Trichotoxon spp. Reid and Round, 1987.

 

Triceratium spp. Ehrenberg et al., 1839.

 

Trinacria excavata Heiberg, 1863; Harwood, 1989, p. 82, pl. 3, fig. 1.