METHODS

Bulk and clay mineral investigations are based on regular sampling of two samples per core, independent of the nature of the sediment. Each sample was divided into two subsamples. One subsample was crushed in a grinder and pressed into a holder for bulk mineral analyses. The other subsample was washed on a 63-µm mesh. The <63-µm fraction was decalcified using a solution of 10% HCl, rinsed with deionized water, and deflocculated through repeated centrifuging. The clay fraction (<2 µm) was separated by decantation (settling time based on Stoke's law) and deposited onto a glass slide. X-ray diffraction analyses were conducted on natural clay slides after ethylene glycol solvation and heating at 490°C for 2 hr. Clay mineral preparation, treatment, and identification methods were those described in Holtzapffel (1985). Mineral percentage evaluations of the bulk sediment and clay fraction were based on peak areas measured on X-ray diagrams using MacDiff (version 4) software (servermac.geologie.uni-frankfurt.de/Staff/Homepages/Petschick/RainerE.html). For clay mineral quantification, the diagram obtained from the glycolated sample was preferred.

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