Table T6. Minerals identified by X-ray diffraction analysis, Hole 1189B.

Table T6. Minerals identified by X-ray diffraction analysis, Hole 1189B.

Core, section, interval (cm)

Unit

Description

XRD identification:
major (minor, "trace") minerals*

Anhydrite (wt%)

193-1189B-

1R-1, 0
Hammer sample (for further explanation see "Variation of Alteration with Depth" in "Hydrothermal Alteration," in the "Site 1189" chapter) Pyrite (chalcopyrite, illite, "sphalerite")

1R-1, 0-2 1 Semimassive sulfide with sparse volcanic rock clasts Anhydrite (pyrite, chalcopyrite, gypsum)

1R-1, 20-30 1 Semimassive sulfide with sparse volcanic rock clasts Pyrite, illite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays ("sphalerite")

1R-1, 30-31 2 Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric rock Pyrite, muscovite (chlorite)

2R-1, 11-20 3 Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts in a pyrite-anhydrite stockwork matrix Anhydrite (gypsum, pyrite)

2R-1, 11-20 3 Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts in a pyrite-anhydrite stockwork matrix Gypsum, pyrite (anhydrite, illite)

2R-1, 40-50 3 Pyrite-anhydrite stockwork matrix Pyrite, anhydrite, quartz (gypsum)

2R-1, 40-50 3 Wallrock sample Pyrite (illite, chlorite, kaolinite?, "smectite, quartz")

3R-1, 0-10 3 Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts in a pyrite-anhydrite stockwork matrix Quartz, pyrite ("illite")

5R-1, 11-22 4 Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts in a pyrite-quartz matrix Pyrite (quartz, K-feldspar, illite, "chlorite")

6R-1, 23-33 5 Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts in quartz-hematite-pyrite matrix Quartz (K-feldspar, plagioclase, pyrite, chlorite, "illite")

6R-1, 64-74 7 Completely altered, aphyric volcanic rock Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, pyrite, chlorite, "illite")

7R-1, 0-10 8 Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts Quartz, pyrite (K-feldspar, "illite")

8R-1, 7-9 9 Completely altered, slightly vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock K-feldspar (pyrite, chlorite, illite, "illite-bearing mixed-layer clays")

10R-1, 26-27 13 Silica-clay altered, aphyric volcanic rock Quartz (chlorite, K-feldspar, plagioclase, pyrite)

10R-1, 57-60 14 Silica-chlorite altered, spherulitic, aphyric volcanic rock Quartz (chlorite, K-feldspar, anhydrite, pyrite, illite)

10R-1, 67-69 15 Completely altered, silicified, massive, aphyric volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, chlorite, "pyrite")

11R-1, 0-7 16 Breccia of completely altered volcanic clasts Quartz (anhydrite, K-feldspar, chlorite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, smectite, illite, pyrite)

11R-1, 14-16 17 Jasperoidal breccia of completely altered volcanic clasts Quartz (anhydrite, pyrite, "hematite")

11R-1, 19-20 18 Polymict breccia of completely altered green volcanic clasts Quartz (K-feldspar, illite, chlorite, pyrite, "plagioclase")

11R-1, 63-65 19 Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, "pyrite, chlorite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, smectite")

11R-2, 46-47 19 Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, chlorite, "chl/sm mixed-layer clays, smectite")

11R-2, 89-91 19 Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, smectite, "chlorite")

12R-1, 114-115 19 Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock Plagioclase (K-feldspar, quartz, chlorite, "illite, pyrite")

12R-2, 55-57 19 Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, quartz, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, "smectite, illite")

13R-1, 22-24 20 Breccia with completely altered volcanic clasts Quartz (plagioclase, pyrite, "chlorite")

13R-1, 34-36 20 Breccia with completely altered volcanic clasts Quartz (pyrite, "barite")

13R-1, 52-54 21 Completely altered, massive, aphyric volcanic rock Quartz (plagioclase, "chlorite, illite, pyrite")

14R-1, 0-10 22 Silicified and mineralized, aphyric volcanic rock Quartz (pyrite, "illite")

14R-1, 57-58 23 Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock fragments Anhydrite, quartz ("plagioclase, chlorite") 60

14R-1, 117-119 23 Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock fragments Anhydrite, quartz (K-feldspar, plagioclase, chlorite) 50

14R-2, 10-11 23 Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock fragments Quartz (plagioclase, pyrite, "chlorite")

14R-2, 29-35 24 Completely altered, brecciated, silicified, aphyric volcanic rock Quartz (pyrite, plagioclase, K-feldspar)

15R-1, 16-17 25 Breccia completely altered and silicified volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, illite, chlorite, "smectite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, pyrite")

15R-1, 128-129 25 Breccia completely altered and silicified volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, illite, chlorite, "smectite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, pyrite")

15R-2, 61-64 26 Silicified, sparsely vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, illite, "chlorite, smectite, chl-sm-mixed-layer clays, pyrite")

16R-1, 36-39 26 Silicified, sparsely vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, "illite, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, chlorite, smectite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays")

16R-1, 130-131 27 Very highly altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock Quartz (plagioclase, pyrite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays)

16R-2, 9-10 27 Very highly altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, "pyrite, illite")

17R-1, 19-20 28 Silicified, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, pyrite)

17R-1, 60-63 30 Silicified, flow-banded volcanic rock Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, pyrite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays)

17R-1, 65-66 30 Silicified, flow-banded volcanic rock Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, pyrite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays)

17R-1, 96-98 31 Normal graded, thinly bedded, volcaniclastic sandstone Quartz (plagioclase, pyrite, illite)

17R-1, 118-122 32 Flow-banded silicified volcanic rock Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, pyrite, chlorite, "illite, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, chl/sm mixed-layer clays")

18R-1, 24-25 33 Breccia of completely altered, flow-banded volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, K-feldspar, illite, chlorite, "illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, pyrite")

18R-1, 70-71 34 Breccia of completely altered flow-banded volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, K-feldspar, pyrite, illite, chlorite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, "illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, talc?")

18R-1, 107-108 34 Breccia of completely altered flow-banded volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, K-feldspar, pyrite, illite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, "smectite, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, actinolite?")

18R-2, 23-24 34 Breccia of completely altered flow-banded volcanic rock Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, K-feldspar, pyrite, illite, chlorite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, "smectite, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, actinolite?")

18R-2, 42-43 35 Completely altered, clast-supported polymict breccia Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, chlorite, "illite, pyrite")

Core, section, interval (cm)	Unit	Description	XRD identification: major (minor, "trace") minerals*	Anhydrite (wt%)
193-1189B-
1R-1, 0		Hammer sample (for further explanation see "Variation of Alteration with Depth" in "Hydrothermal Alteration," in the "Site 1189" chapter)	Pyrite (chalcopyrite, illite, "sphalerite")
1R-1, 0-2	1	Semimassive sulfide with sparse volcanic rock clasts	Anhydrite (pyrite, chalcopyrite, gypsum)
1R-1, 20-30	1	Semimassive sulfide with sparse volcanic rock clasts	Pyrite, illite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays ("sphalerite")
1R-1, 30-31	2	Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric rock	Pyrite, muscovite (chlorite)
2R-1, 11-20	3	Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts in a pyrite-anhydrite stockwork matrix	Anhydrite (gypsum, pyrite)
2R-1, 11-20	3	Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts in a pyrite-anhydrite stockwork matrix	Gypsum, pyrite (anhydrite, illite)
2R-1, 40-50	3	Pyrite-anhydrite stockwork matrix	Pyrite, anhydrite, quartz (gypsum)
2R-1, 40-50	3	Wallrock sample	Pyrite (illite, chlorite, kaolinite?, "smectite, quartz")
3R-1, 0-10	3	Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts in a pyrite-anhydrite stockwork matrix	Quartz, pyrite ("illite")
5R-1, 11-22	4	Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts in a pyrite-quartz matrix	Pyrite (quartz, K-feldspar, illite, "chlorite")
6R-1, 23-33	5	Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts in quartz-hematite-pyrite matrix	Quartz (K-feldspar, plagioclase, pyrite, chlorite, "illite")
6R-1, 64-74	7	Completely altered, aphyric volcanic rock	Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, pyrite, chlorite, "illite")
7R-1, 0-10	8	Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock clasts	Quartz, pyrite (K-feldspar, "illite")
8R-1, 7-9	9	Completely altered, slightly vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock	K-feldspar (pyrite, chlorite, illite, "illite-bearing mixed-layer clays")
10R-1, 26-27	13	Silica-clay altered, aphyric volcanic rock	Quartz (chlorite, K-feldspar, plagioclase, pyrite)
10R-1, 57-60	14	Silica-chlorite altered, spherulitic, aphyric volcanic rock	Quartz (chlorite, K-feldspar, anhydrite, pyrite, illite)
10R-1, 67-69	15	Completely altered, silicified, massive, aphyric volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, chlorite, "pyrite")
11R-1, 0-7	16	Breccia of completely altered volcanic clasts	Quartz (anhydrite, K-feldspar, chlorite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, smectite, illite, pyrite)
11R-1, 14-16	17	Jasperoidal breccia of completely altered volcanic clasts	Quartz (anhydrite, pyrite, "hematite")
11R-1, 19-20	18	Polymict breccia of completely altered green volcanic clasts	Quartz (K-feldspar, illite, chlorite, pyrite, "plagioclase")
11R-1, 63-65	19	Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, "pyrite, chlorite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, smectite")
11R-2, 46-47	19	Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, chlorite, "chl/sm mixed-layer clays, smectite")
11R-2, 89-91	19	Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, smectite, "chlorite")
12R-1, 114-115	19	Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock	Plagioclase (K-feldspar, quartz, chlorite, "illite, pyrite")
12R-2, 55-57	19	Completely altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, quartz, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, "smectite, illite")
13R-1, 22-24	20	Breccia with completely altered volcanic clasts	Quartz (plagioclase, pyrite, "chlorite")
13R-1, 34-36	20	Breccia with completely altered volcanic clasts	Quartz (pyrite, "barite")
13R-1, 52-54	21	Completely altered, massive, aphyric volcanic rock	Quartz (plagioclase, "chlorite, illite, pyrite")
14R-1, 0-10	22	Silicified and mineralized, aphyric volcanic rock	Quartz (pyrite, "illite")
14R-1, 57-58	23	Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock fragments	Anhydrite, quartz ("plagioclase, chlorite")	60
14R-1, 117-119	23	Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock fragments	Anhydrite, quartz (K-feldspar, plagioclase, chlorite)	50
14R-2, 10-11	23	Breccia of completely altered volcanic rock fragments	Quartz (plagioclase, pyrite, "chlorite")
14R-2, 29-35	24	Completely altered, brecciated, silicified, aphyric volcanic rock	Quartz (pyrite, plagioclase, K-feldspar)
15R-1, 16-17	25	Breccia completely altered and silicified volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, illite, chlorite, "smectite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, pyrite")
15R-1, 128-129	25	Breccia completely altered and silicified volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, illite, chlorite, "smectite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, pyrite")
15R-2, 61-64	26	Silicified, sparsely vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, illite, "chlorite, smectite, chl-sm-mixed-layer clays, pyrite")
16R-1, 36-39	26	Silicified, sparsely vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (K-feldspar, "illite, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, chlorite, smectite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays")
16R-1, 130-131	27	Very highly altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock	Quartz (plagioclase, pyrite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays)
16R-2, 9-10	27	Very highly altered, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock	Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, "pyrite, illite")
17R-1, 19-20	28	Silicified, moderately vesicular, aphyric volcanic rock	Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, pyrite)
17R-1, 60-63	30	Silicified, flow-banded volcanic rock	Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, pyrite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays)
17R-1, 65-66	30	Silicified, flow-banded volcanic rock	Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, pyrite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays)
17R-1, 96-98	31	Normal graded, thinly bedded, volcaniclastic sandstone	Quartz (plagioclase, pyrite, illite)
17R-1, 118-122	32	Flow-banded silicified volcanic rock	Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, pyrite, chlorite, "illite, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, chl/sm mixed-layer clays")
18R-1, 24-25	33	Breccia of completely altered, flow-banded volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, K-feldspar, illite, chlorite, "illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, pyrite")
18R-1, 70-71	34	Breccia of completely altered flow-banded volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, K-feldspar, pyrite, illite, chlorite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, "illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, talc?")
18R-1, 107-108	34	Breccia of completely altered flow-banded volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, K-feldspar, pyrite, illite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, "smectite, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, actinolite?")
18R-2, 23-24	34	Breccia of completely altered flow-banded volcanic rock	Cristobalite, plagioclase (quartz, K-feldspar, pyrite, illite, chlorite, chl/sm mixed-layer clays, "smectite, illite-bearing mixed-layer clays, actinolite?")
18R-2, 42-43	35	Completely altered, clast-supported polymict breccia	Quartz (plagioclase, K-feldspar, chlorite, "illite, pyrite")

Notes: chl/sm mixed-layer clays = chlorite/smectite-mixed-layer clays. * = the terms major, minor, and trace are applied to X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses as explained in "Hydrothermal Alteration" in the "Explanatory Notes" chapter and do not imply quantitative abundances. Anhydrite abundances are estimated for quartz-bearing assemblages as described in "Hydrothermal Alteration" in the "Explanatory Notes" chapter. This procedure probably results in an overestimation of the anhydrite abundance, because the effect of clays is ignored. In the absence of a suitable calibration, it is not possible to estimate anhydrite abundance from XRD spectra for cristobalite-dominated assemblages.