Table T2. Jasperoid compositions and average Fe-Mn-Si deposit at Roman Ruins.

Table T2. Jasperoid compositions and average Fe-Mn-Si deposit at Roman Ruins.

	Major element oxides (wt%)
	SiO₂	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	FeO(t)	MnO	MgO	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O	P₂O₅	Total S	LOD	LOI	Total
Method:	XRF ICP-AES	ICP-AES	XRF ICP-AES	XRF ICP-AES	XRF ICP-AES	XRF ICP-AES	XRF ICP-AES	XRF ICP-AES	XRF ICP-AES	XRF ICP-AES	ICP-AES	G	G	(majors)
142697	83.57	0.011	0.51	8.49	0.008	0.11	0.27	0.03	0.02	0.166	5.74	0.03	3.83	100.6
142707	90.62	0.008	0.40	3.49	0.002	0.03	0.05	0.02	0.02	0.025	2.69	NA	NA	96.3
142714	82.95	0.003	0.39	9.36	0.013	0.25	0.79	0.02	0.03	0.161	4.28	NA	NA	96.6
Average Roman Ruins	50.7	0.06	1.3	20.0	3.5	0.9*	0.62	2.7*	0.64	0.47	0.22	8.3	9.8	99.1

	Elements (ppm)
	Li	Be	Cl	Sc	V	Cr	Co	Ni	Cu	Zn	Ga	Ge	As	Rb	Sr
Method:	ICP-AES	ICP-AES	XRF	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-AES	ICP-AES	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-AES
142697	11	<2	150	<1	6.9	3.2	24.0	1.2	1620	12	0.6	2.5	3.0	0.28	4
142707	13	<2	NA	<1	3.4	2.2	13.5	2.3	16	24	0.2	1.2	2.5	0.40	2
142714	9	<2	120	<1	14.8	3.1	2.6	1.2	3715	63	0.8	3.1	3.3	0.37	21
Average Roman Ruins	6.4	4.3	3.3%*	1.8	57	5.1	1.5	4.2	312	625	2.9	33	2050	20	134

	Elements (ppm)
	Y	Zr	Mo	Cd (ppb)	In (ppb)	Sb	Te (ppb)	Cs (ppb)	Ba	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm
Method:	ICP-MS	ICP-AES	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-AES	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS
142697	2.6	<2	0.57	31	96	5.1	174	21	21	0.63	1.98	0.40	2.29	0.65
142707	0.74	<2	0.68	76	4	0.7	570	9	22	0.33	0.72	0.13	0.70	0.18
142714	3.4	<2	9.6	208	978	4.1	30	18	70	1.14	2.44	0.43	2.68	0.65
Average Roman Ruins	4.5	8	16^†	680^†	225	25^†	62	3000	1050	1.83	4.09	0.64	2.82	0.79


	Elements (ppm)
	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu	Tl (ppb)	Pb	Bi (ppb)	Th (ppb)	U (ppb)
Method:	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS	ICP-MS
142697	0.370	0.62	0.096	0.51	0.097	0.26	0.036	0.23	0.035	44	20.1	309	18	1320
142707	0.068	0.17	0.028	0.15	0.028	0.08	0.012	0.10	0.011	509	5.5	560	19	289
142714	0.335	0.62	0.085	0.46	0.092	0.27	0.035	0.26	0.044	78	11.6	138	10	4504
Average Roman Ruins	1.11	0.85	0.16	0.91	0.21	0.59	0.096	0.59	0.095	3200^†	250^†	110	150	9250

Notes: XRF = X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, ICP-AES = inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry, ICP-MS = inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry, G = gravimetric analysis. FeO(t) = total iron as FeO including Fe in hematite, pyrite (of which a minor proportion occurs in wallrock fragments), and scarce wallrock chlorite. S(t) = total sulfur (sulfide + sulfate). LOD = loss on drying at 105°C (samples predried at ~40°C), LOI = loss on ignition at 1050°C. NA = not analyzed. Average Roman Ruins = Fe-Mn-Si deposit (N = 16), from Binns et al. (2002) plus new data. * = most Cl and Na, and about half of Mg from trapped sea salt. † = outliers excluded from the averages (single samples): 9 ppm Cd; 335 ppm Mo; 3.0 wt% Pb (suspected contamination); 685 ppm Sb; 129 ppm Tl.