Figure F1. Paleocene and Eocene geochronology (following Berggren et al., 1995) with global carbon and oxygen isotope curves constructed using benthic foraminifer isotope data (adapted from Zachos et al., 2001). Three key intervals of changing climate and carbon cycling are noted: PCIM = Paleocene Carbon Isotope Maximum, IETM = Initial Eocene Thermal Maximum, EECO = Early Eocene Climatic Optimum.