This research used samples and/or data provided by the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP). ODP is sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and participating countries under management of Joint Oceanographic Institutions (JOI), Inc. Funding for this research was partially provided by the NSF-Idaho EPSCoR Program and the NSF grant No. EPS-0132626.
We gratefully acknowledge JOI/USSAC, which provided support to reprocess the seismic reflection data for Leg 199 and digitally archived it. Reviews by L. Mayer and T. Shipley significantly improved the manuscript.