Table T6. Whole-rock geochemical analyses of Leg 201 Type 1 ash layers.
Core, section,
interval (cm)
Major element oxides (wt%)
LOI
(wt%)
Total
(wt%)
Trace elements (ppm)
SiO2
TiO2
Al2O3
Fe2O3
MnO
MgO
CaO
Na2O
K2O
P2O5
Sc
V
Co
Ni
Rb
Sr
Y
Zr
Nb
Ba
La
Ce
Nd
Eu
Gd
Dy
Er
Yb
Th
201-1227A-
13H-2, 146–147.5* 63.9 0.31 15.4 1.96 0.03 0.45 3.03 4.29 3.07 0.1 7.2 99.8 2 39 1.90 <20 101.9 745 5.7 132 6.0 822 26.4 46.1 19.1 0.70 1.49 0.96 0.45 0.51 10.3
201-1228A-
8H-3, 114–117 62.3 0.65 13.9 3.9 0.06 1.52 5.6 3.2 2.27 0.51 5.9 99.8 11 80 7.20 <20 82.8 384 26.0 161 8.8 495 26.3 53.4 24.8 1.1 4.67 3.78 2.41 2.49 8.2
9H1, 69.8–72 51.7 0.73 16.8 7.66 0.07 3.25 1.89 2.82 2.85 0.37 11.8 99.9 17 171 17.60 31.00 124.8 200 16.9 111 8.6 409 19.4 39.9 17.8 0.77 3.47 2.93 1.64 1.73 13.9
9H-1, 74.5–77 62.6 0.57 14.2 3.34 0.05 2 5.13 3.61 2.32 0.56 5.4 99.8 10 69 6.30 23.00 79.7 424 21.0 151 8.0 534 24.8 51.3 23.4 0.96 4.25 3.34 1.97 1.92 9.7
9H-1, 97–101.6 58.9 0.58 13.3 3.35 0.05 2.64 6.36 3.38 2.16 0.58 8.4 99.8 10 75 6.50 <20 78.4 430 21.7 138 8.0 506 25.4 51.5 23.5 1.07 4.09 3.24 2.02 2 8.7
9H-1, 121.4–124 59.8 0.59 13.4 3.35 0.05 2.49 6.26 3.44 2.18 0.65 7.6 99.9 10 72 6.40 <20 77.9 441 22.5 169 8.0 511 26.1 52.1 23.7 1.1 4.45 3.61 2.11 2.04 9.4
11H-2, 32.5–37.5 66.4 0.49 14.0 2.67 0.06 1.12 4.42 3.62 2.64 1.14 3.2 99.8 10 64 5.70 <20 97.0 469 27.7 264 7.6 971 28.4 60.0 25.3 1.12 4.74 4 2.46 2.49 11.3
11H-2, 50.2–52.3 58.8 0.56 14.4 4.71 0.07 1.78 2.05 3.75 3.12 0.42 10.2 99.9 10 106 14.80 40.00 142.9 319 26.1 113 9.8 585 28.4 76.9 32.3 1.21 5.72 4.52 2.46 2.26 12.0
11H-2, 55–56.6 60.7 0.44 13.9 3.95 0.05 1.21 4.64 3.81 2.86 1.75 6.5 99.9 11 69 8.50 29.00 105.6 508 34.3 127 7.5 624 27.8 59.6 25.3 1.04 4.84 4.31 3.12 3.12 9.1
11H-2, 59–60.6 69.2 0.23 14.9 1.65 0.04 0.61 1.83 4.42 3.78 0.12 3.0 99.9 4 21 1.70 <20 134.9 481 9.6 132 7.0 870 27.5 57.9 23.3 0.75 2.66 1.64 0.72 0.75 10.5
14H-2, 8.1–11.7 63.4 0.54 14.9 2.73 0.04 1.04 5.63 3.98 2.21 1.52 3.7 99.8 13 80 4.40 <20 72.4 590 28.6 201 6.5 642 26.2 59.6 26.2 1.31 5.28 4.25 2.61 2.56 9.1
14H-5, 52.8–59 63.7 0.64 15.3 3.03 0.04 1.19 4.64 3.93 2.25 0.81 4.3 99.9 13 101 4.40 <20 72.8 514 24.9 206 7.9 656 23.0 53.0 25.0 1.09 4.62 3.87 2.25 2.05 9.5
14H-5, 117.4–121.6 62.6 0.65 14.9 3.38 0.04 1.34 3.91 3.99 2.32 0.7 6.0 99.9 12 134 6.10 <20 76.3 458 22.1 169 7.9 589 22.0 49.9 22.1 0.98 3.9 3.66 2.04 1.9 8.3
14H-6, 17.3–23† 61.1 0.57 13.5 4.05 0.04 1.16 3.98 3.86 2.06 0.87 8.6 99.8 11 137 5.70 48.00 68.5 416 26.1 189 6.9 527 23.3 54.2 26.0 1.04 4.89 3.77 2.18 2.14 10.3
16H-1, 36.5–43 64.3 0.6 14.9 2.79 0.04 1.24 3.88 4.2 2.37 0.45 5.0 99.9 10 80 5.60 <20 75.6 428 20.2 162 7.3 609 22.7 48.2 22.3 1.08 4.01 3.26 1.9 1.77 8.3
16H-1, 44–48 62.7 0.61 14.7 2.74 0.05 1.3 5.02 4.12 2.3 1.2 5.0 99.9 16 85 5.20 <20 75.4 543 27.0 187 7.9 605 26.9 55.8 27.0 1.27 5.17 3.96 2.56 2.42 10.6
16H-1, 60–64 64.3 0.62 15.0 2.79 0.04 1.31 4.01 4.17 2.32 0.45 4.9 99.9 10 86 5.90 <20 79.8 463 21.7 177 8.1 597 24.5 52.6 23.6 1.13 4.21 3.45 1.99 1.89 8.4
16H-1, 64.5–67 63.0 0.6 14.8 2.73 0.05 1.29 4.79 4.15 2.33 1.06 5.0 99.9 14 83 5.30 20.00 78.6 505 24.9 173 7.5 617 26.8 54.3 24.4 1.14 4.38 3.71 2.31 2.08 8.5
16H-1, 118.5–123 64.3 0.61 15.1 2.81 0.04 1.27 3.97 4.25 2.41 0.43 4.6 99.9 11 92 5.50 <20 81.2 447 21.2 159 8.1 613 25.2 52.1 23.3 1.08 4.08 3.36 1.89 1.82 8.7
16H-2, 12.5–16 64.4 0.61 15.2 2.73 0.04 1.25 3.87 4.27 2.39 0.34 4.7 99.9 11 89 5.70 <20 80.4 448 20.4 158 8.2 622 24.2 49.6 22.7 1.13 3.98 3.28 1.89 1.81 8.3
16H-2, 27.5–34 64.4 0.63 15.0 2.87 0.04 1.29 3.75 4.17 2.43 0.38 4.8 99.9 11 94 5.80 <20 80.4 424 19.5 155 8.1 656 23.8 49.0 22.9 1.03 4.37 3.08 1.76 1.85 9.3
16H-2, 118.5–124 63.9 0.62 15.1 2.93 0.04 1.35 3.88 4.14 2.48 0.48 4.9 99.9 11 92 6.10 <20 84.2 454 21.4 157 8.3 622 25.4 52.7 23.7 1.14 3.92 3.26 1.93 1.84 9.1
16H-3, 87.8–89.2* 60.5 0.58 14.1 2.78 0.04 1.03 6.99 3.94 2.04 2.65 5.2 99.8 13 115 4.50 <20 65.6 602 31.2 213 7.1 621 27.5 62.2 27.6 1.26 5.22 4.45 2.6 2.45 8.7
16H-3, 96–98.5 61.7 0.59 14.2 2.8 0.04 1.05 6.41 3.94 2.1 2.19 4.8 99.9 12 112 4.80 <20 68.6 602 32.1 223 7.6 574 29.3 66.4 29.3 1.44 5.59 4.37 2.55 2.67 12.1
16H-3, 110.5–114 63.5 0.61 14.7 2.71 0.04 0.99 5.31 3.99 2.15 1.32 4.4 99.8 12 101 4.10 <20 70.5 539 30.3 237 8.0 595 29.3 65.1 28.7 1.28 5.32 4.37 2.66 2.39 10.7
16H-3, 118–121.5 62.5 0.58 14.5 2.66 0.04 1.08 5.53 4.09 2.19 1.57 5.0 99.9 12 103 4.30 28.00 71.5 533 27.8 210 7.7 579 24.9 56.2 24.4 1.17 4.99 4.02 2.32 2.24 10.3
16H-4, 27–40.5 61.5 0.66 14.4 2.94 0.05 1.24 6.43 4.03 2.08 1.81 4.4 99.6 13 80 5.10 32.00 68.7 580 30.7 212 8.3 596 33.2 67.2 32.2 1.38 6.01 4.87 2.86 3.1 11.7
16H-4, 40.5–42.5† 63.8 0.36 14.5 1.92 0.04 0.85 4.06 4.64 2.53 0.77 6.2 99.8 7 48 3.00 22.00 86.9 434 18.1 120 6.8 619 25.0 50.2 22.1 1.08 3.59 2.92 1.74 1.88 8.5
18H-1, 48–56.5 63.0 0.58 14.7 2.77 0.04 1.27 5.03 3.98 2.34 1.14 4.9 99.8 11 70 4.30 <20 77.0 478 24.2 153 7.7 764 25.5 50.8 24.7 1.11 4.19 3.72 2.27 2.12 9.8
18H-1, 62–67 61.8 0.59 14.6 2.8 0.05 1.34 5.39 3.95 2.28 1.37 5.4 99.6 12 75 5.60 <20 80.8 532 27.6 182 8.0 609 28.8 58.9 28.1 1.34 5.17 4.14 2.24 2.34 11.5
18H-2, 5.8–9.5 62.4 0.61 14.7 2.84 0.04 1.27 5.19 3.95 2.36 1.38 5.0 99.8 13 81 5.10 <20 82.7 531 27.9 189 8.0 596 29.7 59.4 28.4 1.26 5 4.1 2.38 2.61 10.1
18H-2, 50.5–57.5 63.0 0.58 14.7 2.87 0.04 1.28 4.66 3.99 2.45 1.06 5.0 99.7 12 77 4.70 28.00 85.1 479 23.9 152 8.3 597 26.7 51.8 24.6 1.13 4.83 3.7 1.94 2.19 10.2
18H-2, 79.7–82.9 62.4 0.59 14.6 2.95 0.04 1.32 4.68 4 2.47 0.97 5.6 99.7 12 81 4.90 <20 87.8 487 25.2 162 8.3 605 28.5 56.5 25.5 1.18 4.58 3.98 2.08 2.04 10.8
18H-2, 88–90 62.7 0.59 14.6 2.99 0.04 1.31 4.95 3.99 2.33 1.08 5.0 99.7 11 78 5.60 20.00 80.4 500 27.3 178 7.9 612 30.2 59.3 29.0 1.38 5.32 4.17 2.51 2.54 10.1
18H-2, 112–115 62.3 0.59 14.1 3.18 0.04 1.46 3.69 4.04 2.31 0.67 7.2 99.7 10 89 5.60 <20 85.3 419 21.2 152 8.1 578 25.1 49.7 23.4 1.02 4.12 3.07 1.94 2.01 11.0
18H-3, 95.5–97 60.3 0.56 14.1 2.71 0.05 1.15 6.55 3.87 2.23 2.19 5.8 99.6 13 82 4.10 29.00 76.0 579 29.0 188 7.6 586 28.9 58.2 27.6 1.17 4.98 3.82 2.53 2.67 11.0
18H-4, 0–3 63.2 0.59 14.7 2.9 0.04 1.23 4.5 4.05 2.44 0.93 5.1 99.8 11 74 4.70 <20 86.4 473 24.0 165 8.3 601 27.9 54.2 26.3 1.14 4.36 3.66 2.2 2.18 10.3
18H-4, 38–42 61.7 0.54 14.2 2.91 0.05 1.19 5.87 3.9 2.29 1.82 5.1 99.7 12 80 4.20 <20 79.0 538 27.7 173 7.7 572 29.8 58.9 27.8 1.25 5.08 3.98 2.17 2.45 11.5
18H-4, 49–55 62.9 0.57 14.6 3 0.05 1.27 4.63 4 2.38 0.99 5.3 99.8 11 74 5.50 35.00 83.8 465 24.5 184 7.8 582 28.7 56.2 28.1 1.22 4.99 3.57 2.23 2.31 11.3
18H-4, 83.5–88 61.3 0.57 14.2 2.94 0.05 1.2 6.54 3.82 2.18 2.12 4.6 99.6 14 76 4.50 <20 75.9 567 31.2 223 8.1 562 34.1 68.3 30.3 1.45 5.74 4.66 2.56 2.78 12.7
201-1229A-
3H-3, 50–50.5† 51.9 0.7 16.3 7.02 0.07 2.8 1.92 2.68 2.57 0.14 13.6 99.7 18 166 17.00 50 128.8 172 17.3 106 7.3 386 17.6 34.2 17.2 0.70 2.69 2.47 1.62 2.09 11.2
5H-5, 126–129 58.9 0.7 15.1 5.87 0.07 2.47 3.1 3.33 2.53 0.18 7.2 99.5 18 116 13.70 25 104.6 263 21.7 106 6.8 563 18.7 38.2 20.1 0.93 3.76 3.08 2.07 2.25 10.3
6H-3, 18.7–20† 49.5 0.67 14.0 6.24 0.07 2.47 4.13 2.8 2.42 0.25 17.0 99.5 16 127 15.20 43 108.1 233 20.6 129 7.9 418 20.2 41.0 20.6 0.88 3.45 3.09 1.93 2.23 13.0
8H-3, 107–109 64.5 0.69 12.5 4.25 0.06 1.53 4.57 2.44 2.11 0.14 7.0 99.8 12 87 9.10 32 83.2 241 24.5 247 11.5 321 27.1 55.6 23.7 1.02 4.18 3.79 2.43 2.55 11.4
10H-5, 37–37 53.5 0.79 17.9 6.07 0.08 2.32 2.38 2.56 2.89 0.23 10.2 98.9 18 143 18.40 34 114.5 216 27.9 164 12.2 400 33.6 71.9 33.0 1.56 5.28 4.70 2.89 2.99 13.3
11H-3, 6.5–9.2 68.4 0.85 11.6 4.23 0.06 1.09 2.48 1.71 2.08 0.17 6.6 99.2 13 75 9.70 23 82.7 163 36.2 378 15.3 303 30.7 65.1 30.1 1.31 5.83 5.49 3.58 3.38 10.4
14H-5, 50–56† 62.5 0.65 13.3 4.31 0.07 1.72 4.98 3.13 2.21 0.26 6.4 99.5 14 93 12.20 31 79.0 315 24.7 163 8.2 473 23.8 49.8 24.6 1.15 4.48 3.95 2.55 2.33 8.3
18H-1, 0–3 60.9 0.55 13.1 3.19 0.05 1.53 6.53 3.59 2.25 1.8 6.2 99.7 12 83 5.90 24 78.0 495 28.1 161 7.7 586 27.2 55.7 28.8 1.24 4.52 3.68 2.38 2.66 8.9
18H-2, 115–115.5 60.0 0.6 13.4 3.41 0.05 1.42 5 4.16 2.25 0.76 8.0 99.1 12 86 6.10 24 77.8 430 22.1 154 8.4 509 25.3 51.0 25.8 1.13 4.10 3.40 2.14 1.95 7.8
18H-2, 117.2–117.4 61.7 0.63 14.0 3.28 0.06 1.35 5.37 3.86 2.34 1.22 5.8 99.5 14 84 5.90 21 79.0 487 28.9 196 8.7 566 29.8 59.5 31.5 1.32 5.10 4.29 2.73 2.52 8.9
18H-2, 117.4–127 61.5 0.59 13.9 3.41 0.05 1.35 4.52 3.97 2.22 0.73 7.4 99.7 12 79 6.90 28 75.6 410 23.9 165 7.7 502 24.4 49.7 23.8 1.06 4.09 3.46 2.28 2.05 8.2
18H-3, 48–56† 63.9 0.63 13.6 3.56 0.06 1.43 5.17 3.47 2.39 0.46 5.6 100.3 12 88 7.10 28 80.0 382 25.9 234 8.5 516 26.1 52.8 28.5 1.20 4.31 4.32 2.53 2.54 9.8
118H-3, 114.5–122† 62.3 0.57 14.0 3.04 0.06 1.23 5.65 4.02 2.2 1.36 5.0 99.4 13 76 6.20 24 71.5 501 30.1 235 7.1 599 29.1 61.5 31.0 1.41 5.23 4.32 2.78 2.68 12.8
14H-5, 32.5–43.5* 49.1 0.7 15.8 7.63 0.09 2.9 2.07 2.72 2.75 0.16 16.0 99.9 21 165 18.20 35 117.4 178 19.4 107 8.1 329 21.7 44.4 21.7 0.92 3.99 3.23 2.02 1.88 10.9
14H-4, 18.5–23* 49.5 0.68 16.3 7.86 0.08 2.74 1.45 2.65 2.67 0.07 15.8 99.8 20 226 19.60 36 123.2 166 15.6 109 8.1 353 18.5 34.0 18.3 0.76 2.76 2.47 1.70 1.55 14.1
201-1229C-
1H-2, 92.5–94* 51.3 0.74 15.5 6.84 0.07 3.12 2.56 3.25 2.14 0.24 14.4 100.2 19 145 16.90 42 104.4 177 22.0 97 8.5 377 18.9 40.4 19.6 0.86 3.94 3.54 2.37 2.25 11.4
201-1229E-
1H-2, 101–102.5* 60.9 0.67 14.1 5.07 0.07 2.19 4.38 3.24 2.12 0.22 7.0 100.0 16 110 10.90 25 88.0 281 22.3 143 7.8 502 20.8 41.0 21.7 0.91 3.74 3.75 2.33 2.15 9.9

Notes: Samples from Holes 1229C and 1229E were added late and do not appear in Table T3. * = sample not part of ash layer described in Table T3, † = borderline Type 1 (10%–15% biogenic matter or dolomite).