SUBJECT INDEX

A

absorbance, vs. depth, B9:6
accretionary prisms, dolomite, B13:10
acetate, dissolved
community structure, A1:17
microbial activity, A1:13
pore water, A1:21, 25, 28, 33, 37, 42, 47; A7:16–17; A8:16; A9:13; A10:15; A11:17; A12:13
vs. depth, A1:70; A6:44; A7:47; A8:36; A9:38; A10:41; A11:51; A12:33
acetate, sediments, B1:23
acetogenesis, community structure, A1:17
acid/aldehyde ratio
organic matter, B4:8
vs. depth, B4:20
acridine orange direct count, vs. depth, A1:70
Actinobacteria, cultured isolates, B1:15; B2:9
advanced piston corer, methods, B21:12–14
age, sedimentation rates, B15:1–15
age vs. depth
biostratigraphy, B13:17
magnetostratigraphy, B13:17
Peru margin, B15:12
Site 1225, B13:15
Site 1227, B15:6, 13
Site 1228, B15:6, 13
Site 1229, B15:6, 13
Agrobacterium tumefaciens, cultured isolates, B2:9
aldehyde. See acid/aldehyde ratio
alkalinity
microbial activity, A1:15
pore water, A1:19–20, 23–24, 31, 40; A6:14; A7:13; A8:14; A9:12; A10:13; A11:13; A12:12
vs. depth, A6:43; A7:46; A8:35; A9:37; A10:39; A11:49; A12:32; B7:15–16
alteration, photograph, A6:41
alteration bands, lithologic units, A6:9, 13
alteration rims, lithologic units, A7:9; A12:7–11
Altiplano, geology, B19:3
aluminum oxide
volcanic ash layers, B19:11
volcanic glass shards, B19:10
vs. silica, B19:27, 29
amino acids
organic matter, B1:5
pore water, B12:1–7
ammonium
nitrogen budget, B5:10–12
nonsteady-state model, B5:12–13
particulate organic nitrogen, B1:6–7
profiling models, B5:29
sources and sinks, B5:8–10, 26–27
vs. chloride, B5:9, 25
ammonium, dissolved
microbial activity, A1:11–13
pore water, A1:19–20, 23–24, 27, 31, 37, 40; A6:17; A7:16; A8:16; A9:14; A10:14; A11:13; A12:14; B5:5–8, 28, 30
vs. depth, A6:44; A7:47; A8:37; A9:38; A10:40; A11:49; A12:34; B1:41; B5:20, 22–23, 27
amphibole, volcanic ash, B19:8–10
anaerobic oxidation of methane zone, pore water, A11:12–13, 18
Andean Cordillera, volcanism, B19:3
Andes N-Central, volcanic cycles, B19:1–43
andesite, volcanism, B19:3
andesitic-dacitic composition, volcanic ash layers, B19:11–12
angiosperm soft tissues, Pleistocene–Holocene sequence, B4:21
anisotropy, conductive, vs. depth, A6:69
anomalies, pore water, A1:40
AOM zone. See anaerobic oxidation of methane zone
apatite, X-ray diffraction data, A9:10, 36
APC-methane tool
methods, A1:49
sediments, A7:34; A11:32
Archaea
hydrothermal vents, B2:5
phylogeny, B3:15
See also Deep-Sea Archaeal Group
Archaea, subsurface, lineages, B2:4–6, 17–18
Argentina, volcanism, B19:3
argon, organic matter, B1:6
aspartic acid
pore water, B12:3, 7
ranges, B12:6
authigenesis
lithologic units, A8:12–13
mineralization, B1:25–26
autotrophic fixation, carbon dioxide, B2:4

B

Bacillus, cultured isolates, B1:15; B2:8
bacteria
biogeochemical flux model, B1:27–29
counts, A6:19–20; A8:19; A11:19–20
cultivation, A6:21–22; A8:21; B1:14–16; B3:5–7
magnetosome preservation, B17:1–17
oxygen isotopes, B7:5–9
reduction, B6:1–21
See also green nonsulfur bacteria
bacteria, subsurface, lineages, B2:6, 17–19
Bacteroides. See Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides phylum
Bacteroidetes, cultured isolates, B1:15
barite
lithologic units, A7:11; A8:9–10, 13
pore water, A1:32; A8:14–15
barium
authigenesis, B1:25–26
microbial activity, A1:16
pore water, A1:32, 41, 46; A9:13; A10:13–14; A11:15–16
vs. sulfate, A11:52
barium, dissolved, vs. depth, A1:70, 77; A8:35; A9:37; A10:39; A11:50; A12:33
basalt
composition, A7:82–83
composition compared in Sites 321, 1226, and 1231, A12:53–54
lithologic units, A12:11
petrography, A6:12
photograph, A6:51; A7:53
basalt, iron-titanium, thin sections, A12:11
basalt/sediment contact, lithologic units, A12:10
basaltic trachyandesitic composition, volcanic ash layers, B19:11–12
bead contamination test, comparison with perfluorocarbon tracer, A1:78
biogenic component, lithologic units, A11:12
biogenic fragments, textures, B14:7–11
biogenic tests, textures, B14:7–11
biogeochemical flux model, reduction rates, B1:27
biogeochemistry
biosphere, B1:4–10
pore water, B5:5, 7–8
reversals, A1:40–41
Site 1225, A6:14–18
Site 1226, A7:13–18
Site 1227, A8:13–18
Site 1228, A9:12–15
Site 1229, A10:12–16
Site 1230, A11:12–18
Site 1231, A12:12–14
zonation, A1:45–47
biomarkers, organic matter, B4:5–11
biosphere
biogeochemistry, B1:4–10
sulfur isotopes, B6:1–20
biostratigraphy
age vs. depth, B16:17
Site 1225, B16:1–19
biotite, volcanic ash, B19:8–10
bioturbation, lithologic units, A6:9–13; A7:9; A8:9–11; A9:8–9; A12:9
bioturbation intensity, vs. depth, A6:40
biscuit sampling, cores, A7:23–24
bivalves, lithologic units, A8:9
Bolivia, volcanism, B19:3
bone fragments, photograph, A8:33
breccia, basaltic, photograph, A7:44
breccia, dolomite
lithologic units, A11:11
photomicrograph, B13:32
brecciation, dolomite, B13:8–9
brines
microbial activity, A1:13–14
Miocene, A1:13–14, 31
pore water, A1:36
Brunhes/Matuyama boundary, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
Brunhes Chron, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
bubble wall shards, backscatter electron imagery, B19:23
burial, organic matter, B1:4–6
burrows
lithologic units, A7:8–10; A8:9, 11; A10:11; A12:7–11
photograph, A6:41; A10:37

C

calcite
lithologic units, A6:11–12; A8:9, 12–13; A9:11; A10:9–10; A11:9–12; A12:10–11
X-ray diffraction data, A6:39; A9:36
calcite, syntaxial, photomicrograph, B13:24
calcite cement, photomicrograph, B13:27–28
calcium
authigenesis, B1:26
dolomite, B13:9–11
See also magnesium/calcium ratio
calcium, dissolved
pore water, A1:31; A7:15–16; B11:2–3
vs. depth, A7:47; B11:9–14
calcium carbonate
sediments, A6:18, 82; A7:18
vs. depth, A6:46
calcium oxide
volcanic ash layers, B19:11
volcanic glass shards, B19:10
vs. silica, B19:27, 29
carbohydrates
total dissolved, vs. depth, B10:6–7
total dissolved/dissolved organic carbon ratio, vs. depth, B10:8
carbohydrates, dissolved, pore water, B10:1–10
carbohydrates, total dissolved, organic matter, B1:5
carbohydrates, total dissolved/dissolved organic carbon ratio, vs. total dissolved inorganic carbon, B10:9
carbon, dissolved inorganic
histogram, A1:64
microbial activity, A1:11–13
pore water, A1:19–20, 23–24, 27, 37, 40; A6:14; A7:13, 46; A8:14; A9:12; A10:13; A11:13; A12:12; B5:5, 7–8, 28, 30
vs. depth, A1:65; A6:43; A8:35; A9:37; A10:39; A11:49; A12:32; B1:41; B3:17; B5:19, 24; B8:8, 10–15
vs. total dissolved carbohydrates/dissolved inorganic carbon ratio, B10:9
carbon, dissolved organic
sediments, B9:1–10
vs. depth, B9:7–8
See also carbohydrates, total dissolved/dissolved organic carbon ratio
carbon, inorganic, sediments, A6:18
carbon, organic
sediments, A6:82
vs. depth, A6:46
carbon, total inorganic
sediments, B8:1–20
vs. depth, B8:8–15
carbon, total organic
organic matter, B1:4–6; B4:5–11
Rock-Eval pyrolysis, A11:18, 97–98
sediments, A6:18; A7:18, 90; A9:15; B5:5; B8:1–20
vs. depth, A11:54; B4:17–18
carbon-14
Quaternary, B15:1–15
vs. depth, B4:19; B15:12
carbon/nitrogen ratio
organic matter, B4:5–11; B5:5, 28, 30
vs. depth, B4:18
carbon dioxide, autotrophic fixation, B2:4
carbon isotopes
dolomite, B13:9–10
organic matter, B4:1–21
Pleistocene–Holocene sequence, B15:1–15
vs. depth, B3:17
carbonate content
dolomite, B13:5–10
lithologic units, A6:8–11
sediments, A7:90
carbonate crash, upper Miocene, B14:9
carbonates
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:1–20
X-ray diffraction data, A8:34
CARD-FISH. See catalyzed reporter deposition–fluorescent in situ hybridization
catalyzed reporter deposition–fluorescent in situ hybridization, bacteria, B1:19; B2:7–8
cations, pore water, B11:1–19
cementation
ooze, B13:5–6
photomicrograph, B13:33–34
Central Volcanic Zone, explosive volcanism, B19:1–43
chain reactions. See polymerase chain reaction
chalk, clay-rich nannofossil, lithologic units, A7:10–11
chalk, laminated, photograph, A6:42
chalk, lithologic units, A7:8–10
chemical interfaces, microbial communities, B1:22–24
chemical tracers, contamination, A2:1–19
chert, brown
lithologic units, A7:12
photograph, A7:42
X-ray diffraction data, A7:45
Chile, volcanism, B19:3
chloride
gas hydrates, A11:14–15
vs. ammonium, B5:9, 25
vs. lithium, A8:38
vs. methane, B20:6–7
chloride, dissolved
pore water, A1:31, 36, 39–40, 46; A6:18; A7:18; A8:17; A9:14; A10:15; A11:14; A12:14
vs. depth, A6:44; A7:48; A8:37; A9:38; A10:39; A11:50, 83; A12:34; B5:23; B20:10
Chloroflexi phyla, bacteria, B1:18; B2:6
Chondrites, lithologic units, A6:12; A11:9–10
chromaticity
lithologic units, A8:9; A10:10; A11:9–10; A12:7–11
vs. depth, A7:60
Chron C1n/C1r.1r polarity boundary, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
Chron C1r.1r–C2r.2r, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
Chron C2n, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
Chron C3n.1n, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4, 7
Chron C4An, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
Chron C4Ar, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
Chron C4n.2r, magnetostratigraphy, B16:7
Chron C5n.2n, magnetostratigraphy, B16:7
chronostratigraphy, Neogene, B16:11
chronozones, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4–5
cinnamyl/vanillyl ratio
organic matter, B4:9
vs. depth, B4:20
vs. syringyl/vanillyl ratio, B4:21
clasts
lithologic units, A8:11–12; A9:8–9
photomicrograph, B13:32
clasts, black phosphate, lithologic units, A10:10
clasts, glauconitic, lithologic units, A8:11
clay
lithologic units, A8:11; A12:7–11
photograph, A10:36; A12:30
clay, diatom-quartz bearing, lithologic units, A9:9–11
clay, diatom-rich, lithologic units, A12:7
clay, diatom-rich silty
lithologic units, A10:10; A11:10
photograph, A9:35
clay, feldspar-rich, lithologic units, A10:9–10
clay, nannofossil-rich, lithologic units, A12:8
clay, quartz-rich, lithologic units, A10:9–10
clay, volcanic glass-rich, lithologic units, A12:8
clay minerals, lithologic units, A12:10–11
clinopyroxene, glomerocrysts, A12:11
coccoliths, textures, B14:7–11
Cochiti Subchron, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4, 7
Colombia, volcanism, B19:3
color changes
lithologic units, A10:9; A12:7–11
pore water, A11:13
community structure, microbiology, microbial activity, A1:16–17
compaction, burial, physical properties, A12:25
compaction, dolomite, B13:10
compressional wave velocity
sediments, A6:28; A7:30–31; A8:24–25; A9:21; A10:24–25; A11:27–28; A12:22–23
vs. depth, A6:66; A7:69; A8:50; A9:50; A10:54; A11:71, 85; A12:45
vs. thermal data, A4:16–17
concretions, D-phosphate, photograph, A9:33
concretions, lithologic units, A9:11
conductivity
headspace gases, B21:6–7
tests, B21:1–21
conductivity, normalized, vs. depth, B21:18
consolidation, lithologic units, A11:12
contamination
drilling, A2:1–19; B1:11–12
fluorescent microspheres, A2:7
microbiology, A1:17–18; A7:18–22; A8:19–21, 63–65; A9:15–17, 67–70; A10:18–19; A11:20–22; A12:17–18
seawater, A10:73; A11:100; A12:61
slurries, A10:74–75; A11:10; A12:62
See also bead contamination test
continental shelf, outer, diagenetic dolomite, B13:6–8
continental slope, upper, diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–6
core disturbance
gas hydrates, A11:36–37
vs. depth, A11:85
cores, gas hydrates, A11:35–36
coring, methods, A1:48–50
correlation
stratigraphy, B16:1–19
volcanic ash layers, B19:12–13, 31
Crenarchaea
methanogenesis, B1:15
See also Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group
cristobalite, lithologic units, A6:11–12
cross bedding
lithologic units, A10:10
photograph, A10:35
cross laminations
lithologic units, A9:9; A10:9–11
photograph, A9:33–35
cultivation
bacteria, A6:21–22; A7:23; A9:17; A10:19–20; A11:22; A12:18
microbial community, B1:13–16; B2:1–19
microorganisms, B3:1–19
seafloor samples, B3:5–6
subseafloor samples, B3:6–7
cultured isolates
phenotypic diversity, B2:8–9
phylogeny, B2:8–9
Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides phylum, cultured isolates, B2:9

D

D/L ratio, pore water, B12:1–7
dacite
volcanic glass shards, B19:10
See also andesitic-dacitic composition
Davis-Villinger temperature-pressure probe, sediments, A7:34; A8:27; A9:25; A10:28; A11:32; A12:26
deep resistivity logs, vs. depth, A6:71; A7:76; A9:57; A10:61; A11:77
Deep-Sea Archaeal Group
16S rRNA genes, B2:4–6
sediments, B1:18
deformation, dolomite, B13:8–9
degassing
methanogenesis, B13:8–9
See also gas release
deglaciation
mass accumulation rates, B15:6
upper Pleistocene, B15:5
degradation, organic matter, B1:4–6
Dehalococcoides ethenogenes, bacteria, B2:6
demagnetization
projections, A6:59–62
sediments, A7:62–65
demagnetization, alternating-field
sediments, A7:29; A9:20; A11:25–26; A12:21
vs. depth, B16:12
density
sediments, A6:27; A7:29–30; A8:23–24; A9:20–21; A10:23–24; A11:26–27; A12:21–22
vs. depth, A6:64–65
vs. thermal data, A4:17
See also mass/volume moisture and density
density, bulk, vs. depth, A7:68; A8:47–49; A11:69–70, 73
density, gamma ray attenuation bulk, vs. depth, A6:63; A7:66–67; A8:47–48; A9:47–48; A10:51, 53; A12:44
density, grain, vs. depth, A1:75; A6:65; A7:68; A8:49; A9:49; A10:51, 53; A11:70; A12:44
density, mean-detrended bulk, vs. depth, A10:56; A12:48
density, moisture and density bulk, vs. depth, A12:44
density logs, vs. depth, A6:71–72; A7:76–77; A9:57–58; A10:61–62; A11:77, 84
deoxyribonucleic acid, polymerase chain reaction, B1:16–20; B2:3; B3:6, 8–9, 14
Desulfotomaculum, cultured isolates, B2:9
Desulfotomaculum geothermicum, methanogen enrichment, B3:5
Desulfovibrio profundus, marine sediments, A1:5
diagenesis
amino acids, B12:3
dolomite, B13:1–34
lithologic units, A7:12; A8:12–13; A10:11–12
organic matter, B5:1–30
physical properties, A12:25
sedimentation flux, B5:6
volcanic ash, B19:8
See also authigenesis; silica diagenesis
diameter, mean bulk, vs. depth, B14:22–23
diatom frustules
dolomite, B13:5–6
lithologic units, A8:9
photomicrograph, B13:23, 25–26
textures, B14:7–11
diatomite, lithologic units, A7:8–10
diatoms
abundance vs. depth, B16:15
age vs. depth, B16:15
biogenic sediments, B14:8
biostratigraphy, B16:3, 5, 18
diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–8
lithologic units, A6:9; A8:9–10, 13; A9:7–11; A11:8–10
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:4–5
dikes, sand-filled, lithologic units, A10:9–10
dipole sonic waveform, vs. depth, A11:84
dissolution, sediments, A1:34
disturbed drilling, isothermal remanent magnetization, B16:4
DNA. See deoxyribonucleic acid
dolomicrite, photomicrograph, B13:22
dolomicrosparite
dolomite, B13:5–6
photomicrograph, B13:23
dolomicrosparite, euhedral, photomicrograph, B13:24
dolomicrosparite, porous, photomicrograph, B13:24
dolomicrosparite, quartz-rich, photomicrograph, B13:25
dolomite
authigenesis, B1:26
lithologic units, A7:12; A8:12–13; A9:9; B13:16, 18–21
photograph, A10:35
sediments, A1:34
volcanic ash, B19:8–10
X-ray diffraction data, A9:10, 36; A10:38; B13:17
dolomite, anhedral, photomicrograph, B13:33
dolomite, authigenic, lithologic units, A9:11; A10:9–12; A11:12
dolomite, brecciated, photograph, A11:47
dolomite, diagenetic, mineralogy and petrography, B13:1–34
dolomite, microsparitic, euhedral rhombs, B13:5–6
dolomite cement, photomicrograph, B13:23, 27–28
dolomite lens, photograph, A9:34
dolomite rhombs, photomicrograph, B13:23–27, 29, 31
dolomitization, diagenesis, B13:9–11
downhole logging
Site 1225, A6:32–35
Site 1226, A7:34–37
Site 1228, A9:25–28
Site 1229, A10:28–31
Site 1230, A11:32–35
downhole tools
Site 1225, A6:31–32
Site 1226, A7:33–34
Site 1227, A8:26–27
Site 1228, A9:23–25
Site 1229, A10:27–28
Site 1230, A11:31–32
Site 1231, A12:25–26
drilling, contamination, A2:1–19
DSAG. See Deep-Sea Archaeal Group

E

Ecuador, volcanism, B19:3
El Niņo–Southern Oscillation, upwelling, B15:7
electrical properties, sediments, A11:29–30
emissivity, sediments, A7:27
enrichment
microorganisms, B3:1–19
oxygen isotopes, B7:20
enrichment, heterotrophic, microorganisms, B3:3–5
enrichment, methanogen, microorganisms, B3:5
enrichment, mixed-populations, microorganisms, B3:4–5
environment, microbial activity, A1:16
Eocene, upper, lithologic units, A12:8–10
erosional contacts
lithologic units, A9:11; A10:9
photograph, A9:35
eruptions, plinian-style, explosive volcanism, B19:14
eruptions, volcanism, B19:3
ethane
headspace gases, A8:61; A10:69–71; A11:94–95
pore water, A9:13; A10:16; A11:17–18
sediments, A1:32
Vacutainer samples, A11:96
vs. depth, A1:68; A8:16, 36; A10:41; A11:51
See also methane/ethane ratio
ethanotrophy, sediments, A1:34
ethenogenes. See Dehalococcoides ethenogenes
europium, volcanic ash layers, B19:12
Euryarchaeotal Group, bacteria, B1:18

F

fabric, photograph, A11:82
fabric, sandy, lithologic units, A11:11
fabric, scaly
lithologic units, A11:10
photograph, A11:47
far porosity logs, vs. depth, A6:71; A10:61; A11:77
fatty acids. See acetate; formate
fault zones, dolomite, B13:10
faults, normal
dolomite, B13:8–9
lithologic units, A11:9, 12
photograph, A11:44
fecal pellets, biogenic sediments, B14:8
feldspar
lithologic units, A8:9; A10:11–12; A11:8–10
sediments, A1:34
volcanic ash, B19:8–10
fine grains, remanent magnetization, B17:4
Firmicutes, cultured isolates, B1:15; B2:8–9
FISH-SIMS, bacteria, A7:23; A8:21; A9:17; A10:20; A11:22; A12:18
fissility, photograph, A11:46
Flavobacterium. See Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides phylum
flow regime, subseafloor, microbial activity, A1:13–14
fluid escape structures
lithologic units, A9:8–9; A10:9–10
photograph, A10:36
X-ray diffraction data, A10:38
fluid flow, sediments, B1:24–26
fluorescent in situ hybridization counts
microbial community, B2:3
See also FISH-SIMS
fluorescent microspheres
comparison with perfluorocarbon tracer, A2:13, 18–19
contamination tests, A2:7; A6:21, 83; A7:93
methods, A1:49–50; A2:5, 12
vs. seawater tracers, A2:7–9
foliation, lithologic units, A11:12
foraminifers
lithologic units, A6:8–11; A7:8–10; A9:8–9; A12:8–10
photograph, A11:45
photomicrograph, B13:22–25, 28–29
formate, dissolved
pore water, A1:21, 25, 28, 33, 37, 42, 47; A6:16; A7:16–17; A8:16; A9:13; A10:15; A11:17; A12:13
vs. depth, A6:44; A7:47; A8:36; A9:38; A10:41; A11:51; A12:33
formation factor
sediments, A6:29; A7:31–32; A8:25; A9:22; A10:26; A12:24
vs. depth, A6:69; A7:72; A8:53; A9:53; A10:57; A12:47
Formation MicroScanner imagery, vs. depth, A11:78, 84
fractionation
ammonium, B5:6
methane bubble growth, B20:9
See also isotope fractionation; oxygen isotope fractionation
fractures
gas hydrates, A11:36
photograph, A11:81
See also microfractures
frustules. See diatom frustules
Fugro percussion corer
methods, A1:48–49
summary, A1:81

G

gamma ray logs, vs. depth, A6:71–72; A7:76–77; A9:57–58; A10:61–62; A11:77
gamma rays
sediments, A6:28; A7:31; A8:25; A9:21–22; A10:25; A11:28–29; A12:23–24
vs. depth, A1:72; A6:67; A7:70; A8:31, 51; A9:51; A10:55; A11:72; A12:46
gas hydrates
biogeochemistry, A1:45–47; A11:107
chloride, A11:14–15
core disturbance, A11:36–37
cores, A11:35–36
identification, A4:3–4; A11:106
infrared camera, A11:36
infrared thermal imaging, A4:1–20
occurrence, A11:36
photograph, A11:81–82
physical properties, A11:38
pore water, B5:5
pore water chemistry, A11:37–38
Site 1230, A11:35–39
gas release
pressure coring sampler, A3:7–8
See also degassing
gases, trapping, B21:7–9, 21
Gauss Chron, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
Geobacillus, cultured isolates, B2:9
geochemistry
microbial activity, A1:11–13
volcanic ash layers, B19:11–12
glacial/interglacial cycles, organic matter, B4:9–11
glaciation, organic matter, B4:7–11
glauconite
lithologic units, A8:11; A9:7, 10; A11:11–12; A12:7–11
sediments, A1:34
glomerocrysts, clinopyroxene, A12:11
glutamic acid, pore water, B12:3, 7
glycine, pore water, B12:3, 7
graded bedding, lithologic units, A7:10–11
grain size
biogenic sediments, B14:3–4, 10–11, 13–14
downcore variations, B14:7–11
frequency curve, B14:17–18
lithology, B14:19
sonication, B14:16
vs. depth, B14:22–23
See also diameter; mode
grains, volcanic ash, B19:8–10
grasses, Pleistocene–Holocene sequence, B4:21
green nonsulfur bacteria, sediments, B1:18
greigite
magnetostratigraphy, B16:5
remanent magnetization, B17:4

H

Halomonas boliviensis, cultivation, B3:5
Halomonas spp.
cultured isolates, B1:16; B2:9
microbial community, B3:6–9
hardground, phosphatic, photograph, A10:37
heat transfer, models, B21:11
hiatuses, lithologic units, A9:9; A11:10
Holocene
lithologic units, A9:7–9; A10:8–10; A11:8–10
Peru margin, B15:4–5
radiocarbon dating, B15:1–15
volcanic ash, B19:8–10
See also Pleistocene/Holocene boundary; Pleistocene–Holocene sequence; Pliocene–Holocene sequence
Holocene, lower–middle, mass accumulation rates, B15:6
hybridization. See fluorescent in situ hybridization counts
hydrocarbons
headspace gases, A8:61; A9:64–65; A10:69–71; A11:94–95
Vacutainer samples, A11:96
hydrogen
concentration, A12:59
Methanosaeta, B2:7
pore water in incubated samples, A6:81; A7:89
hydrogen, dissolved
community structure, A1:17
microbial activity, A1:13
pore water, A1:21, 24, 29, 33, 42; A6:17; A7:17; A8:16, 62; A9:14; A10:16; A11:93; A12:14
sediments, A9:66
vs. depth, A6:44; A7:48; A8:37; A9:39; A10:41, 72; A11:51; A12:33
hydrogen index, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, A11:18, 97–98
hydrogen sulfide
pore water, A1:46
vs. depth, B1:40–41; B6:15–16
hydrolysis, organic matter, B10:3
hydrothermal vents, Archaea, B2:5

I

ichnofossils, photograph, A7:41
infrared camera, gas hydrates, A11:36
infrared thermal imaging
comparison with physical properties, A4:4; A11:61; A12:19
methods, A1:50; A4:1–20
photograph, A7:57–58
sediments, A7:27; A11:24–25
temperature, A6:24–25, 54–55
inoculated media, different depths, A6:84; A7:94; A10:76; A11:102–103; A12:63
iodine isotopes, organic matter, B1:5
iron
biogeochemical flux model, B1:27
replicate pore water, A7:87
replicate pore waters passed through different filters, A12:58
vs. depth, B14:22–23
iron, dissolved
microbial activity, A1:14–16
pore water, A1:33, 37, 41, 45; A6:15–16; A7:14–15; A8:15; A9:12; A10:14; A11:16; A12:13
vs. depth, A1:71, 73–74; A6:43; A7:46; A8:35; A9:37; A10:40; A11:50; A12:32; B7:16; B17:13–14
iron oxide
biogenic sediments, B14:9
lithologic units, A6:9; A12:8–10
volcanic ash layers, B19:11
volcanic glass shards, B19:10
vs. silica, B19:27, 29
iron reduction, sediments, A1:20–21, 34
isolates
characteristics, B3:18
phylogeny, B3:13
Shewanella, B3:6
isotope fractionation, reduction, B6:1–21

J

JS-1 division, bacteria, B2:6

L

lambda (carbon-normalized lignin yields), vs. depth, B4:19
laminations
lithologic units, A8:9; A10:8–11; A11:9; A12:7–11
photograph, A8:32; A9:32; A11:46
photomicrograph, B13:27
last glacial–interglacial transition, sediments, B15:5
Last Glacial Maximum, organic matter, B4:9–11
late Miocene carbonate crisis, total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3
layers, volcanic ash, B19:8–10
leaves, Pleistocene–Holocene sequence, B4:21
leucine incorporation, community structure, A1:17
lightness, lithologic units, A7:11
lignin
organic matter, B4:5–11
vs. depth, B4:19
See also lambda (carbon-normalized lignin yields); sigma (lignin concentration)
lithic fragments, lithologic units, A9:7–9
lithium, dissolved
pore water, A8:15, 17; A9:14; A10:14; A11:14
vs. depth, A7:15, 47; A8:36; A9:39; A10:40; A11:50; A12:33
lithium, vs. chloride, A8:38
lithologic units
physical properties, A6:29–31
Site 1225, A6:8–11
Site 1226, A7:8–13
Site 1227, A8:9–13
Site 1228, A9:7–12
Site 1229, A10:8–12
Site 1230, A11:8–12
Site 1231, A12:7–11
Unit I, A6:8–11; A7:8–10; A8:9; A9:7–9; A10:8–10; A11:8–10; A12:7
Unit II, A7:10–11; A8:10–11; A9:9–10; A10:10–11; A11:10–11; A12:7–8
Unit III, A8:11; A12:8–10
Unit IV, A8:11–12
lithology
gas hydrates, A11:36
vs. depth, A6:39
lithostratigraphy
Site 680, B13:18
Site 681, B13:19–20
Site 684, B13:16
Site 685, B13:21
Site 1225, A1:59; A6:8–13
Site 1226, A1:59; A7:7–13, 40
Site 1227, A1:60; A8:8–13, 30–31; B13:16; B19:24
Site 1228, A1:60; A9:7–12, 30–31; B13:18; B19:24
Site 1229, A1:60; A10:8–12, 33–34; B13:19–20; B19:24
Site 1230, A1:60; A11:7–12, 43; B13:21
Site 1231, A1:59; A12:6–11, 28
vs. depth, Peru margin, B15:12
luminosity, vs. depth, B14:22–23

M

magnesium
authigenesis, B1:26
dolomite, B13:11
sediments, A1:31
magnesium, dissolved
pore water, A7:15; B11:2–3
vs. depth, B11:9–14
magnesium/calcium ratio, dissolved, vs. depth, B11:9–14
magnesium oxide
volcanic ash layers, B19:11
volcanic glass shards, B19:10
vs. silica, B19:27, 29
magnetic declination, vs. depth, A6:57; B16:13–14
magnetic inclination, vs. depth, A6:57; B16:13–14
magnetic intensity
magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
sediments, A7:28–29
vs. depth, A6:58; A7:61; A8:45; A9:44; A10:47; A11:65; A12:40; B16:12–14
magnetic minerals, magnetic susceptibility, B17:3–4
magnetic polarity, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
magnetic reversals, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
magnetic susceptibility
magnetic minerals, B17:3–4
microbial activity, A1:15
sediments, A1:43; A6:25–26; A7:28; A8:22–23; A9:18–19; A10:21–22; A11:25; A12:20; B17:15
vs. depth, A1:71, 73; A6:40, 56; A7:59–61; A8:31, 39, 44–45; A9:31, 43–44; A10:46; A11:64–65; A12:39–40; B17:8–9
magnetic susceptibility, low frequency/high-frequency magnetic susceptibility ratio
Site 1225, B17:8
Site 1227, B17:9
magnetic susceptibility, single sample/magnetic susceptibility normalized to the steady field
Site 1225, B17:8
vs. depth, B17:9
magnetic susceptibility/anhysteretic remanent magnetization ratio, vs. depth, B17:12–14
magnetite, remanent magnetization, B17:4
magnetosomes
authigenesis, B1:26
vs. depth, B17:13–14
magnetosomes, bacterial, preservation, B17:1–17
magnetostratigraphy
age vs. depth, B16:17
chronozones, B16:4–5
major elements, volcanic ash layers, B19:11
major oxides, vs. silica, B19:27, 29
manganese
biogeochemical flux model, B1:27
organic matter, B1:8
vs. depth, B14:22–23
manganese, dissolved
microbial activity, A1:12–15
pore water, A1:20, 28, 33, 37, 41, 45; A6:15; A7:14, 46; A8:15; A9:12; A10:14; A11:16–17; A12:12–13
vs. depth, A1:66, 72, 74; A6:43; A8:35; A9:37; A10:39; A11:51; A12:32; B1:40; B17:13–14
manganese oxide
biogenic sediments, B14:9
lithologic units, A6:9; A12:8–10
manganese reduction
bacteria, A6:21–22
sediments, A1:34
Marine Benthic Group A, 16S rRNA genes, B2:5
Marine Benthic Group D, 16S rRNA genes, B2:5
Marine Group I Archaea, 16S rRNA genes, B2:4–5
marine sources, organic matter, B4:7–11
mass accumulation rates, middle–early Holocene, B15:6, 14
mass spectrometry, bacteria, A7:23
mass spectrometry, FISH-secondary ion, incubation, A6:22
mass/volume moisture and density, vs. depth, A8:48–49; A9:48–49
Matuyama Chron
magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
See also Brunhes/Matuyama boundary
MBG-A. See Marine Benthic Group A
MBG-D. See Marine Benthic Group D
MCG. See Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group
medium resistivity logs, vs. depth, A6:71–72; A7:76–77; A9:57; A10:61; A11:77
metabolic diversity, microbial populations, A1:4–5
methane
chemical interfaces, B1:22–24
enrichment, B3:7–9
headspace gases, A6:79–80; A7:88; A8:61; A10:69–71; A11:94–95; A12:14, 60; B3:17, 19
in situ determination, B20:1–11
microbial activity, A1:12–16
organic matter, B1:5–6
pore water, A1:21, 23–25, 28–29, 31–33, 37, 41–42, 45; A6:16–17; A7:17; A8:16; A9:13; A10:15–16; A11:17; B5:5
pressure coring sampler, A3:7–8
sulfate reduction, B2:6–7
sulfate zone, B1:8
Vacutainer samples, A11:96
vs. chloride, B20:6–7
vs. depth, A1:67–68, 70, 74; A6:45; A7:47; A8:36; A10:41; B1:40
See also anaerobic oxidation of methane zone; sulfate/methane interface; sulfate–methane transition horizon
methane, dissolved
in situ determination, B20:1–11
vs. depth, A1:75; A8:36; A9:38; A11:50; A12:33; B1:43; B20:10
methane/ethane ratio, vs. depth, A8:36
methane escape, photograph, A11:82
methane gradient, depth correlation, A11:53
methane oxidation, anaerobic, community structure, A1:17
Methanobacteriales, sediments, B1:23
Methanobrevibacter, sediments, B2:7
Methanocaldococcus-related phylotypes, sediments, B2:7
Methanoculleus submarinus, enrichment, B1:15; B3:8
methanogen-specific gene, sediments, B1:23
methanogenesis
community structure, A1:17
marine pore water, A1:4
vs. depth, B1:43
methanogens, enrichment, B3:7–9, 19
Methanosaeta, sediments, B2:7
Methanosarcina, sediments, B2:7
Methanosarcina acetivorans, enrichment, B3:8
Methanosarcinales, sediments, B1:23
methanotrophy
marine pore water, A1:5
pore water, A1:34
MG-I. See Marine Group I Archaea
microbial activity, silica, B14:9–10
microbial activity, subseafloor, sedimentary regimes, A1:11–13
microbial cells, vs. depth, A1:70
microbial communities
biogeochemical flux model, B1:27–28
composition, B1:1–45; B2:1–19
microbial diversity, marine pore water, A1:5–6
microbial populations, marine pore water, A1:1–81
microbiology
biosphere, B1:10–24
community structure, A1:16–17
pore water, A1:19–43, 45–47
Site 1225, A6:18–23
Site 1226, A7:18–25
Site 1227, A8:18–21
Site 1228, A9:15–17
Site 1229, A10:16–20
Site 1230, A11:18–22
Site 1231, A12:15–18
microfractures, basalt, A12:11
micronodules, diatom frustules, B14:9
microorganisms, enrichment and cultivation, B3:1–19
microsparite
dolomite, B13:5–6
photomicrograph, B13:22
microsparite, idiotopic, dolomite, B13:6
microspheres. See fluorescent microspheres
Milankovitch cycles, sedimentation, A7:12
mineralization
authigenesis, B1:25–26
organic matter, B1:7–8
See also remineralization
mineralogy, diagenetic dolomite, B13:1–34
Miocene
brines, A1:13–14, 31
coccoliths, B14:8
lithologic units, A11:10–11; A12:7–8
Miocene, lower, lithologic units, A7:10–11
Miocene, middle
biostratigraphy, B16:6
diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–6
lithologic units, A6:8–11; A7:8–11
Miocene, upper
biostratigraphy, B16:6
carbonate crash, B14:9
lithologic units, A6:8–11; A7:8–11; A8:11–12
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3
See also late Miocene carbonate crisis
Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group
16S rRNA genes, B2:4
sediments, B1:18
mode, bulk, vs. depth, B14:22–23
molecular record, organic matter, B4:1–21
monopole sonic waveform, vs. depth, A11:84
mottling, lithologic units, A7:9; A8:11
multidomain samples, saturation magnetization, B17:11

N

nannofossils
age vs. depth, B16:16
biostratigraphy, B16:3, 6, 19
lithologic units, A6:9; A9:7–11; A11:8–10
photograph, A11:44
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:4–5
Nazca plate, geology, B19:3
near porosity logs, vs. depth, A6:71; A10:61; A11:77
Neogene
chronostratigraphy, B16:11
diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–6
stratigraphy, B16:1–19
nitrate, dissolved
microbial activity, A1:13–14
pore water, A1:20, 24, 27–28, 45; A6:15; A7:14, 46; A12:12
vs. depth, A1:69; A6:43; A12:32
nitrification, pore water, A7:14
nitrite, dissolved, pore water, A7:14
nitrogen
organic matter, B1:6–7; B5:1–30
See also carbon/nitrogen ratio
nitrogen, particulate organic, organic matter, B1:6–7
nitrogen, total
organic matter, B4:5; B5:5, 28
sediments, A7:18, 90
vs. depth, B4:17; B5:19, 24; B8:8–15, 30
nitrogen-15
ammonium, B5:5–6, 8, 30
organic matter, B5:1–30
vs. depth, B5:20, 22, 27
nitrogen budget, lithologic units, B5:10–12
nitrogen isotopes
organic matter, B5:1–30
sulfate–methane transition horizon, B5:9
nodules
authigenesis, A8:12–13
lithologic units, A10:9–10
See also micronodules
nodules, apatite, X-ray diffraction data, A9:36
nodules, authigenic, X-ray diffraction data, A9:10–11
nodules, authigenic dolomite, X-ray diffraction data, A8:34
nodules, barite, X-ray diffraction data, A8:34
nodules, carbonate, photograph, A11:48
nodules, D-phosphate, X-ray diffraction data, A9:36
nodules, dolomite
photograph, A10:35
X-ray diffraction data, A9:36
nodules, dolostone, lithologic units, A10:9, 11–12; A11:11
nodules, F-phosphate, X-ray diffraction data, A9:36
nodules, fluorapatite
lithologic units, A8:9, 12
X-ray diffraction data, A8:34
nodules, phosphate
lithologic units, A9:11
photograph, A8:33
nodules, porcellanite
photograph, A6:41
X-ray diffraction data, A9:36
nodules, pyrite
photograph, A6:42
X-ray diffraction data, A6:39
nodules, sulfide, photograph, A12:29, 31
nodules, yellow dolomite
photograph, A7:42
X-ray diffraction data, A7:45
noncarbonate component
biogenic sediments, B14:7
vs. depth, B14:22–23
Northern Volcanic Zone, explosive volcanism, B19:21

O

ocean currents, flow paths, B19:22
Olduvai Subchron, magnetostratigraphy, B16:4
Oligocene, upper, lithologic units, A12:7–10
ooze, biogenic sediments, B14:8–11
ooze, clay-rich diatom
lithologic units, A11:8–10; A12:7
photograph, A12:29–30
ooze, coarse-grained foraminifer, photograph, A8:32
ooze, diatom
diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–6
lithologic units, A8:9; A10:10–11
photograph, A8:32
photomicrograph, B14:20–21
sonication, B14:16
X-ray diffraction data, A6:39
ooze, diatom- and clay-bearing nannofossil, lithologic units, A12:9
ooze, diatom-rich, total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3–5
ooze, diatom-rich nannofossil
lithologic units, A7:8–10; A11:9–10
photomicrograph, B14:20
X-ray diffraction data, A7:45
ooze, foraminifer, lithologic units, A8:9
ooze, green diatom, photograph, A11:45
ooze, iron- and manganese-rich nannofossil, photomicrograph, B14:21
ooze, laminated diatom, lithologic units, A9:7–9
ooze, nannofossil
lithologic units, A6:8–11; A10:9–10; A12:9
photograph, A11:45; A12:31
sonication, B14:16
X-ray diffraction data, A6:39
ooze, nannofossil-bearing diatom
lithologic units, A8:11–12
Peru margin, B15:4–5
ooze, nannofossil-rich diatom
lithologic units, A7:8–10
photomicrograph, B14:20
X-ray diffraction data, A7:45
ooze, quartz-rich diatom, lithologic units, A11:11
ooze, radiolarian, photomicrograph, B14:20
opal-A
diatom frustules, B14:9
lithologic units, A6:11–13; A7:12; A8:9; A9:11; A11:11; A12:10–11
X-ray diffraction data, A6:39; A9:10, 36
opal-A/opal-CT ratio, X-ray diffraction data, A6:39
opal-CT
diatom frustules, B14:9
lithologic units, A6:11–13; A7:12
X-ray diffraction data, A6:39; A9:10
opaque minerals, lithologic units, A12:10
orbital forcing, sedimentation, A7:12
organic matter
burial and degradation, B1:4–6
diagenesis, B5:1–30
geochemistry, B4:1–21
pore water, B12:1–7
remineralization, B10:3
overpressure, pore water, A1:45
oxidation
organic matter, B10:3
sulfides, A11:15; B7:5–9
See also anaerobic oxidation of methane zone; methane oxidation, anaerobic
oxidation, anaerobic, methane, A1:15
oxidation byproducts, organic matter, B4:5–6
oxygen, dissolved
microbial activity, A1:13–14
pore water, A1:20, 24, 27, 45; A6:14–15; A7:14; A12:12
oxygen, microelectrode measurement, A12:57
oxygen isotope fractionation, dissolved sulfate, B7:6–9, 17
oxygen isotopes
dissolved sulfate, B7:1–23
enrichment, B7:20
organic matter, B1:9–10
vs. depth, B1:41; B7:15–18

P

P-modulus, vs. depth, A12:45
Pacific Ocean E equatorial
amino acids, B12:1–7
biosphere, B6:1–20
dissolved carbohydrates, B10:1–10
dissolved organic carbon, B9:1–10
magnetostratigraphy, B16:1–19
major cation concentrations, B11:1–19
metabolic activity, A1:1–81; B2:1–19
microbial communities, B1:1–45
oxygen isotopes, B7:1–23
radiocarbon dating, B15:1–15
sediment permeability, B18:1–18
sedimentology, B14:1–25
sulfur isotopes, B6:1–20
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:1–20
palagonite, thin sections, A12:11
paleoceanography
biogenic sediments, B14:2–3
microbial activity, A1:14–16
paleoclimatology, Quaternary, B15:7
paleomagnetism, sediments, A6:26–27; A7:28–29; A8:23; A9:19–20; A10:22–23; A11:25–26; A12:21
paleome, microbial communities, B1:19
particulate tracers, contamination, A2:1–19; A7:22–23; A8:20–21; A9:16–17; A10:19; A11:22; A12:17–18
PCR. See polymerase chain reaction
pelagic environment, stratigraphy, B16:1–19
perfluorocarbon tracer
comparison with bead contamination tests, A1:78
comparison with fluorescent microspheres, A2:13, 18–19
contamination tests, A6:20–21; A7:21–22, 91–92; A8:20; A10:18–19; A11:21–22; A12:17
cores, A2:6–7
methods, A1:49; A2:2–4, 11, 14–16
permeability
sediments, B1:24–26; B18:1–18
vs. effective stress, B18:11
Peru, volcanism, B19:3
Peru Basin
metabolic activity, A1:1–81
oxygen isotopes, B7:5
site summary, A1:18–22
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:5
Peru margin
amino acids, B12:1–7
biosphere, B6:1–20
dissolved carbohydrates, B10:1–10
dissolved organic carbon, B9:1–10
dolomite, B13:1–34
major cation concentrations, B11:1–19
metabolic activity, A1:1–81
methane in situ determination, B20:1–11
organic matter, B4:1–21
radiocarbon dating, B15:1–15
sediment permeability, B18:1–18
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:1–20
upwelling, B15:7–8
volcanic ash, B19:1–43
Peru shelf
site summary, A1:30–43
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3–4
Peru slope, site summary, A1:43–47
Peru Trench
diagenetic dolomite, B13:8–9
microbial activity, A1:1–81
microorganisms, B3:1–19
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:4–5
Peru upper slope, total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3–4
petrography
diagenetic dolomite, B13:1–34
volcanic ash, B19:8–10
phasor resistivity logs, vs. depth, A6:71; A7:76; A9:57; A10:61; A11:77
phenols
organic matter, B4:5–6
See also cinnamyl/vanillyl ratio; syringyl/vanillyl ratio
phenotypic diversity, cultured isolates, B2:8–9
phillipsite, lithologic units, A12:10–11
phosphate
correlation with magnetic susceptibility, A8:39
lithologic units, A8:12–13
phosphate, dissolved
pore water, A1:34; A6:17; A7:16; A8:17; A9:14; A10:14–15; A11:13; A12:14
vs. depth, A6:44; A7:48; A8:37, 39; A9:38; A10:40; A11:49; A12:34
phosphorus oxide
volcanic ash layers, B19:11
vs. silica, B19:27, 29
Photobacterium profundum, cultivation, B1:16; B3:5
Photobacterium spp.
cultured isolates, B1:16; B2:9
enrichment, B3:8
phylogeny
Archaea, B3:15
cultured isolates, B2:8–9, 17
isolates, B3:13
ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S), B3:15–16
physical properties
comparison with infrared thermal imaging, A4:4
gas hydrates, A11:38
lithologic unit boundaries, A11:30
lithologic units, A6:29–31
pore water, A1:34
Site 1225, A6:23–31
Site 1226, A7:26–33
Site 1227, A8:21–26
Site 1228, A9:17–23
Site 1229, A10:20–27
Site 1230, A11:22–30
Site 1231, A12:18–25
plagioclase
lithologic units, A11:11–12; A12:7–11
X-ray diffraction data, A9:36
Planolites, lithologic units, A6:12; A7:8; A12:9
plate tectonics, subduction, B19:3
Pleistocene
biogenic sediments, B14:8–11
lithologic units, A6:8–11; A7:8–10; A8:9; A9:7–9; A10:8–11; A11:8–10; A12:7
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3
volcanic ash, B19:8–10
See also Pliocene–Holocene sequence; Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary
Pleistocene, middle, total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:4
Pleistocene, upper
organic matter, Site B4:1–21
radiocarbon dating, B15:1–15
Pleistocene–Holocene sequence
organic matter, B4:1–21
radiocarbon dating, B15:1–15
sedimentation rates, B15:1–15
Pleistocene/Holocene boundary
carbon/nitrogen ratio, B4:5
lithologic units, A11:12
mass accumulation rates, B15:6
sediments, B15:5
Pliocene
diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–6
lithologic units, A6:8–11; A7:8–10; A8:10–11; A9:9–11; A12:7
volcanic ash, B19:8–10
Pliocene, lower
biostratigraphy, B16:6
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:4
Pliocene, upper
biogenic sediments, B14:8–11
lithologic units, A10:10–11
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3
Pliocene–Holocene sequence, dolomite, B13:6–8
Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary, biostratigraphy, B16:6
polymerase chain reaction, deoxyribonucleic acid, B1:19; B2:3, 7–9
porcellanite, X-ray diffraction data, A9:10, 36
porcellanite, green, X-ray diffraction data, A7:45
pore water
amino acids, B12:1–7
ammonium sources and sinks, B5:8–10
anomalies, A1:40
biogeochemistry, B5:5, 7–8
dissolved carbohydrates, B10:1–10
dissolved organic carbon, B9:1–10
geochemistry, A6:14–18, 76–78; A7:13–18, 84–86; A8:13–18, 59–60; A9:12–14, 62–63; A10:12–16, 66–68; A11:12–18, 89–91; A12:55–56
major cation concentrations, B11:1–19
microbial populations, A1:1–81
mineralogy, A6:11–12
organic matter, B1:7–8
oxygen isotope fractionation, B7:1–23
oxygen isotopes, B7:21–23
Rayleigh plots, B6:17
reduction, B6:1–21
sulfur isotope fractionation, B6:1–21
pore water chemistry, gas hydrates, A11:37–38
porosity
sediments, A6:27; A7:29–30; A8:23–24; A9:20–21; A10:23–24; A11:26–27; A12:21–22
vs. depth, A6:39, 65; A7:68; A8:49; A9:31, 49; A10:51, 53; A11:70; A12:44
porosity (from density) logs, vs. depth, A11:77
porosity logs
vs. depth, A6:71; A7:76; A9:57; A10:61; A11:77
See also far porosity logs; near porosity logs
potassium, dissolved
pore water, A7:15; B11:2
vs. depth, B11:9–14
potassium logs, vs. depth, A6:71–72; A7:76–77; A9:57; A10:61; A11:77
potassium oxide
volcanic ash layers, B19:11
volcanic glass shards, B19:10
vs. silica, B19:25–29
See also sodium oxide + potassium oxide
precipitation, synkinematic, dolomite, B13:10
preservation
bacteria, B1:18–20
bacterial magnetosomes, B17:1–17
pressure
pressure coring sampler, A3:10
tests, B21:1–21
vs. depth, B17:15
vs. time, A8:56; A9:56; A10:60; A11:76; A12:50; B21:16–17
pressure, in-hole, signals, B21:6
pressure-temperature conditions. See Davis-Villinger temperature-pressure probe
pressure coring sampler
methods, A1:48; A3:1–22
sediments, A7:34
summary, A1:80
productivity, biostratigraphy, B16:7
prokaryotes, chemical interfaces, B1:22–24
prokaryotes, methanogenic, sulfate reduction, B1:20–22; B2:6–7
prokaryotic cells
contamination, A6:20–21, 83
sediments, A1:21–22, 24–25, 27–29, 34–35, 38, 41–42, 47; A6:19–23; A7:20; A9:15; A10:17–18; A11:19–20, 58–60; A12:15–17
total cell counts, B1:12–13
vs. depth, A1:62–63; A6:49–50; A7:51–52; A8:42–43; A10:44–45; A12:37–38; B1:42–43
prokaryotic growth, community structure, A1:17
propane
headspace gases, A8:61; A10:69–71; A11:94–95
pore water, A1:32; A8:16; A10:16; A11:17–18
Vacutainer samples, A11:96
vs. depth, A1:68; A8:36; A10:41; A11:51
propanotrophy, pore water, A1:34
Proteobacteria, cultured isolates, B1:15; B2:9
pseudosingle domain samples, saturation magnetization, B17:11
pumice. See volcanic glass/pumice ratio
Puna, volcanism, B19:3
pyrite
lithologic units, A7:11; A8:9–10; A12:7–11
magnetostratigraphy, B16:5
photograph, A11:44–45
X-ray diffraction data, A6:39
pyrite, framboidal
ooze, B13:5–11
photomicrograph, B13:23, 26, 29–31
pyrite spots
lithologic units, A6:10; A11:8–10
photograph, A6:42
pyrrhotite, magnetostratigraphy, B16:5

Q

quartz
lithologic units, A7:10; A8:9; A9:7–9; A10:11–12; A11:8–12; A12:7–11
pore water, A1:34
volcanic ash, B19:8–10
X-ray diffraction data, A9:36
Quaternary
biostratigraphy, B16:5–6
diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–6
sedimentation rates, B15:1–15

R

racemization, amino acids, B12:3
radiocarbon dating, Pleistocene–Holocene sequence, B15:1–15
radiolarian tests, biogenic sediments, B14:8
radiolarians, lithologic units, A6:9; A7:8–10; A12:7–11
rare earths, volcanic ash layers, B19:12–13, 30–31
Rayleigh plots, pore water, B6:17, 21
reaction halos, photograph, A6:41
reduction
biogenic sediments, B14:9
biosphere, B6:1–21
microbial activity, A1:14–16
pore water, B1:8
See also iron reduction; manganese reduction; sulfate reduction; sulfate reduction rate; sulfate reduction zone
reduction rates, biogeochemical flux model, B1:27
reduction zones, pore water, A1:24, 28
reflectance
lithologic units, A6:10–11; A10:9; A12:8
vs. depth, A6:38, 40; A7:60
reflectivity
lithologic units, A7:11
vs. depth, B8:12
remanent magnetization, anhysteretic
acquisition, B17:16
sediments, A6:26–27; A7:29; A11:25–26; B17:3–4, 15
vs. depth, B16:12
See also magnetic susceptibility/anhysteretic remanent magnetization ratio
remanent magnetization, isothermal
disturbed drilling, B16:4
sediments, B17:3–4
remanent magnetization, isothermal/back-isothermal remanent magnetization ratio, sediments, B17:17
remanent magnetization, natural
magnetostratigraphy, B16:4–5
principal component analysis, A10:48–50; A11:66–68; A12:41–43
projections, A6:59–62; A7:62–65
sediments, A6:26–27; A7:28–29; A8:46; A9:45–46; A11:25–26; A12:21
remineralization, organic matter, B4:10; B10:3
resedimented material, photograph, A7:43
resistivity
vs. depth, A10:52
vs. thermal data, A4:16
resistivity logs
sediments, A11:29–30
vs. depth, A11:84–85
See also deep resistivity logs; medium resistivity logs; phasor resistivity logs; spherically focused resistivity logs
Rhizobium radiobacter, cultured isolates, B2:9
rhyolite, volcanic glass shards, B19:10
ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis, microbial community, B3:5–9, 14
ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S)
microbial community, B1:16–20, 29; B2:1–8; B3:5–9
phylogeny, B3:15–16
ribotypes, microbial community, B3:6–9
rocks
bacteria, A6:22–23
contamination, A7:24–25
rRNA. See ribosomal ribonucleic acid (16S)

S

S-ratio. See remanent magnetization, isothermal/back-isothermal remanent magnetization ratio
SAGMEG. See South African Goldmine Euryarchaetal Group
Salaverry Basin
brines, A1:31
diagenetic dolomite, B13:6–8
sand, glauconitic, diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–6
sand, hornblende-bearing feldspar-quartz, lithologic units, A10:11
sand, lithic, lithologic units, A9:11
saturation magnetization, bulk/residue saturation magnetization ratio, vs. depth, B17:11
seawater
concentration, A11:99
contamination, A11:100
seawater tracers
contamination, A2:17
vs. microspheres, A2:7–9
sedimentation rates
diagenesis, B5:6
Pleistocene–Holocene sequence, B1:24–26; B15:1–15
See also mass accumulation rates
sedimentology, open-ocean biogenic sediments, B14:1–25
sediments
dissolved carbohydrates, B10:1–10
dissolved organic carbon, B9:1–10
microorganisms, B3:1–19
organic matter, B4:1–21
permeability, B18:1–18
photograph, A7:53
radiocarbon dating, B15:1–15
Rock-Eval pyrolysis, A11:97–98
sulfur isotopes, B6:1–20
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:1–20
See also basalt/sediment contact; water/sediment interface
sediments, biogenic, composition, A12:11
sediments, biogenic hemipelagic, lithologic units, A9:11–12
sediments, black silty
lithologic units, A8:10
X-ray diffraction data, A8:34
sediments, buried, microbial communities, B1:1–45
sediments, clayey, photograph, A9:33
sediments, deep
grain size, B1:24–26
major cation concentrations, B11:1–19
sediments, marine
organic matter, B5:1–30
volcanic ash, B19:1–43
sediments, open-ocean biogenic, sedimentology, B14:1–25
sediments, pelagic, stratigraphy, B16:1–19
sediments, red hematite-rich, photograph, A7:44
sediments, silty, photograph, A9:33–34
sediments, sulfide-rich, photograph, A12:29, 30
sequencing surveys, microbial community, B2:1–19
serine, pore water, B12:3, 7
shell debris, photograph, A10:36
Shewanella benthica, Pacific Ocean E, B3:5
Shewanella spp.
cultured isolates, B1:16; B2:9
isolates, B3:6
microbial community, B3:7–9
sigma (lignin concentration), vs. depth, B4:19
silica
volcanic ash layers, B19:11
volcanic glass shards, B19:10
vs. major oxides, B19:27, 29
vs. potassium oxide, B19:25–26, 28
vs. sodium oxide + potassium oxide, B19:25–26, 28
silica, biogenic, lithologic units, A7:9; A8:9–10, 13
silica, dissolved
pore water, A1:34; A6:17; A7:17; A8:17; A9:14; A10:15; A11:13; A12:14
vs. depth, A6:44; A7:48; A8:37; A9:38; A10:40; A11:49; A12:34
silica diagenesis
photograph, A6:41
X-ray diffraction data, A6:39
siliceous microfossils, lithologic units, A6:8–11
siliciclastics
diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–8
lithologic units, A7:8–10; A9:7–9, 11; A10:10–12; A11:9–11
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3–4
silt, lithologic units, A9:7–11
silt, clay-rich, lithologic units, A10:8–10
silt, diatom-bearing, lithologic units, A8:9–10
silt, diatom-rich
lithologic units, A10:8–10
photograph, A10:35
silt, sandy, composition, A1:34
Site 321, total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:5
Site 680
diagenetic dolomite, B13:6
magnetic susceptibility, A9:43
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3–4
Site 681
diagenetic dolomite, B13:6–8
magnetic susceptibility, A10:46
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3–4
Site 684
diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–6
gamma ray attenuation bulk density, A8:47–48
magnetic susceptibility, A8:44
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3–4
Site 685
diagenetic dolomite, B13:8–9
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:4–5
Site 846
compressional wave velocity, A7:30–31
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3
well-logging, A7:35–36, 77
Site 851
magnetic susceptibility, A6:56
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3
well-logging, A6:72
Site 1225, A6:1–86
background and objectives, A6:1–2
bacterial magnetosomes, B17:1–17
biogeochemistry, A6:14–18
biostratigraphy, B16:1–19
coring summary, A6:74–75
downhole logging, A6:32–35
downhole tools, A6:31–32
grain size, B14:24
lithostratigraphy, A1:59; A6:8–13
magnetic susceptibility, A6:56
magnetostratigraphy, B16:1–19
microbiology, A6:18–23
operations, A6:5–8
oxygen isotopes, B7:5–8
physical properties, A6:23–31
pressure coring sampler, A3:5–6
principal results, A6:2–5
sedimentology, B14:1–25
site description, A6:1–86
site summary, A1:22–26
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3
well-logging, A6:86
Site 1226, A7:1–96
background and objectives, A7:1–2
biogeochemistry, A7:13–18
coring summary, A7:79–81
downhole logging, A7:34–37
downhole tools, A7:33–34
grain size, B14:25
lithostratigraphy, A1:59; A7:7–13, 40
microbiology, A7:18–25
operations, A7:5–7
oxygen isotopes, B7:8–9
physical properties, A7:26–33
pressure coring sampler, A3:5–6
pressure-temperature conditions, B21:1–21
principal results, A7:2–5
sedimentology, B14:1–25
site description, A7:1–96
site summary, A1:26–30
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3
Site 1227, A8:1–66
age vs. depth, B15:6
background and objectives, A8:1–2
bacterial magnetosomes, B17:1–17
biogeochemistry, A8:13–18
coring, A8:57–58
diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–6
downhole tools, A8:26–27
lithostratigraphy, A1:60; A8:8–13
microbiology, A8:18–21
operations, A8:6–8
organic matter diagenesis, B5:1–30
physical properties, A8:21–26
pressure coring sampler, A3:6–7
principal results, A8:2–6
site description, A8:1–66
site summary, A1:30–35
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3–4
volcanic ash layers, B19:8–9, 24
Site 1228, A9:1–72
age vs. depth, B15:6
background and objectives, A9:1–2
biogeochemistry, A9:12–15
coring, A9:60–61
diagenetic dolomite, B13:6
downhole logging, A9:25–28
downhole tools, A9:23–25
lithostratigraphy, A1:60; A9:7–12, 30–31
microbiology, A9:15–17
operations, A9:5–7
physical properties, A9:17–23
pressure coring sampler, A3:6–7
principal results, A9:2–5
site description, A9:1–72
site summary, A1:35–39
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3–4
volcanic ash layers, B19:9, 24
Site 1229, A10:1–78
age vs. depth, B15:6
background and objectives, A10:1–2
biogeochemistry, A10:12–16
coring summary, A10:64–65
diagenetic dolomite, B13:6–8
downhole logging, A10:28–31
downhole tools, A10:27–28
lithostratigraphy, A1:60; A10:8–12
microbial communities, B1:22–24
microbiology, A10:16–20
operations, A10:6–8
organic matter, B4:1–21
physical properties, A10:20–27
pressure coring sampler, A3:6–7
principal results, A10:2–6
site description, A10:1–78
site summary, A1:39–43
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:3–4
volcanic ash layers, B19:9, 24
Site 1230, A11:1–107
background and objectives, A11:1–2
biogeochemistry, A11:12–18
coring summary, A11:86–88
diagenetic dolomite, B13:8–9
downhole logging, A11:32–35
downhole tools, A11:31–32
gas hydrates, A11:35–39
in situ methane, B20:11
lithostratigraphy, A1:60; A11:7–12
microbiology, A11:18–22
microorganisms, B3:1–19
operations, A11:5–7
organic matter diagenesis, B5:1–30
physical properties, A11:22–30
pressure coring sampler, A3:7–8
principal results, A11:2–5
site description, A11:1–107
site summary, A1:43–47
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:4–5
Site 1231, A12:1–64
background and objectives, A12:1–2
biogeochemistry, A12:12–14
coring summary, A12:51–52
downhole tools, A12:25–26
lithostratigraphy, A1:59; A12:6–11
microbiology, A12:15–18
operations, A12:5–6
oxygen isotopes, B7:5
physical properties, A12:18–25
principal results, A12:2–5
site description, A12:1–64
site summary, A1:18–22
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:5
skeletal parts, textures, B14:7–11
Skolithos
lithologic units, A7:8, 10
photograph, A7:41
slumping
dolomite, B13:8–9
lithologic units, A10:9–10
slurries, contamination, A11:101
sodium, dissolved
pore water, B11:2–3
vs. depth, B11:9–14
sodium oxide
volcanic ash layers, B19:11
volcanic glass shards, B19:10
vs. silica, B19:27, 29
sodium oxide + potassium oxide, vs. silica, B19:25–26, 28
soft-sediment deformation, photograph, A11:46
sonic velocity logs, vs. depth, A11:84
South African Goldmine Euryarchaetal Group, 16S rRNA genes, B2:4
South America, volcanism, B19:3
South American plate, geology, B19:3
Southern Oscillation. See El Niņo–Southern Oscillation
Southern Volcanic Zone, explosive volcanism, B19:21
spherically focused resistivity logs, vs. depth, A9:58; A10:62
sponge spicules, lithologic units, A11:8–10; A12:7–11
stable isotopes
organic matter, B4:5
sulfate reduction, B1:9–10
stratigraphy
sedimentation rates, B15:4–5
well-logging, A6:33–34
stress, effective, vs. permeability, B18:11
strontium, dissolved
pore water, A6:16; A7:15; A8:15; A9:14; A10:14; A11:14; A12:13; B11:2, 8–9
vs. depth, A6:43; A7:46; A8:35; A9:38; A10:40; A11:49; A12:32; B11:9–14
strontium isotopes, dolomite, B13:9–10
struvite, sulfate–methane transition horizon, B5:9
subduction, plate tectonics, B19:3
subseafloor samples, cultivation, B3:6–7
subsections, sampling, A6:47–48; A7:49–50; A8:40–41; A9:40–42; A10:42–43; A11:55–57; A12:35–36
sulfate
chemical interfaces, B1:22–24
pore water, B1:8
vs. barium, A11:52
sulfate, dissolved
microbial activity, A1:12, 16; B6:1–20
oxygen isotope fractionation, B7:17
oxygen isotopes, B7:1–23
pore water, A1:20, 32, 38, 41, 45; A6:16; A7:15; A8:14; A9:13; A10:13; A11:15, 92; A12:13; B5:5
vs. depth, A1:66, 70, 75–77; A6:43; A7:46; A8:35; A9:37; A10:39; A11:50; A12:32; B1:40–41, 43; B5:21; B6:16; B7:13–16, 18; B17:13
vs. dissolved sulfide, B7:19
vs. sulfur isotopes, B6:18, 20
sulfate–methane transition horizon, struvite, B5:9
sulfate/methane interface
dolomite, B13:10
pore water, A1:32, 37, 42
sulfate depletion, marine pore water, A1:4
sulfate gradient, depth correlation, A11:53
sulfate reduction
biogeochemical flux model, B1:27–28
biosphere, B6:3–8
community structure, A1:17
methanogenic prokaryotes, B2:6–7
pore water, A1:37, 41–43, 45
prokaryotes, B1:20–22; B2:6–7
stable isotopes, B1:9–10
sulfur isotopes, B1:9–10
total organic and inorganic carbon, B8:4
vs. depth, B1:43
sulfate reduction rate, vs. depth, B1:40
sulfate reduction zone
lithologic units, A11:9
sediments, B1:23
sulfide
lithologic units, A11:9–10; A12:8
oxidation, B7:5–9
sulfide, black, lithologic units, A12:7–11
sulfide, dissolved
microbial activity, A1:15
pore water, A1:28, 32, 40; A7:16; A8:15; A9:12–13; A10:13; A11:16; A12:13
vs. depth, A6:44; A8:36; A9:37; A10:39; A11:50; A12:33; B7:18
vs. dissolved sulfate, B7:19
sulfur, total
Rock-Eval pyrolysis, A11:97–98
sediments, A7:18, 90
vs. depth, B8:8–15
sulfur isotope ratios, Rayleigh plots, B6:17, 21
sulfur isotopes
biosphere, B6:1–20
sulfate reduction, B1:9–10
vs. depth, B1:41; B6:15–16
vs. dissolved sulfate, B6:18, 20
syringyl/vanillyl ratio
organic matter, B4:9
vs. cinnamyl/vanillyl ratio, B4:21
vs. depth, B4:20

T

tectonic surfaces, lithologic units, A11:12
temperature
descent and ascent profiles, B21:6
pore water, A1:38
tests, B21:1–21
vs. depth, A1:61; A4:13–15; A6:68, 70, 85; A7:47, 73, 95; A8:55, 66; A9:55, 71; A10:59, 77; A11:75, 80, 104; A12:49, 64; B21:15
vs. distance along core, A4:11
vs. time, A6:52–53; A8:54; A9:54; A10:58; A11:74
temperature, air, vs. core temperature, A4:9
temperature, core-liner
vs. scan time, A7:56
vs. thermal data, A4:16–19
temperature, in-hole, signals, B21:6
temperature, in situ
measurement methods, A1:49
sediments, A6:31; A7:33; A8:26–27; A9:24–25; A10:27–28; A11:31–32; A12:25–26
temperature logs
stratigraphy, A6:34–35; A7:37; A10:30–31; A11:35
tool string, A7:78
vs. depth, A6:73; A9:59; A10:63; A11:79, 85
terrigenous component, lithologic units, A11:12
terrigenous sources, organic matter, B4:7–11
Tertiary, pore water, A1:11–13
textures, biogenic sediments, B14:7–11
thermal conductivity
sediments, A6:28–29; A7:31; A8:25; A9:22; A10:25; A11:29; A12:24
vs. depth, A6:68; A7:71; A8:52; A9:52; A10:56; A11:73; A12:48
thermal conductivity, mean-detrended, vs. depth, A12:48
thermal contrast, photograph, A4:12
thermal data
vs. compressional wave velocity, A4:16–17
vs. core-liner temperature, A4:16–17
vs. density, A4:17
vs. resistivity, A4:16
vs. wireline logs, A4:16
Thermoanaerobacteriaceae, cultured isolates, B1:16
Thermosediminibacter, cultured isolates, B1:16; B2:8
Thermus sp., gold mines, A1:5
thorium/uranium ratio logs, vs. depth, A10:61
thorium logs, vs. depth, A6:71–72; A7:76–77; A9:57; A10:61; A11:77
thymidine incorporation, community structure, A1:17
time, pressure coring sampler, A3:10
time vs. pressure
Pacific Ocean E, A3:14; A7:74–75
Site 1225, A3:14
Site 1229, A3:14
Site 1230, A3:15–17
time vs. temperature
infrared thermal imaging, A4:10
Site 1225, A6:52–53
titanium oxide
volcanic ash layers, B19:11
vs. silica, B19:27, 29
trace fossils
lithologic units, A12:8
photograph, A12:30
tracers. See particulate tracers; perfluorocarbon tracer; seawater tracers
trachyandesite. See basaltic trachyandesitic composition
trachyandesite/trachydacite field, volcanic ash layers, B19:11
trachybasaltic composition, volcanic ash layers, B19:11–12
trachydacite. See trachyandesite/trachydacite field
trachydacitic composition, volcanic glass shards, B19:10
trachyte, volcanic glass shards, B19:10
tridymite, lithologic units, A6:11–12
Trujillo Basin
brines, A1:31
diagenetic dolomite, B13:5–6
Type 1 ash layers
backscatter electron imagery, B19:23
geochemistry, B19:40–43
photograph, B19:23
volcanic glass shards, B19:10, 23
Type 2 ash layers, occurrence, B19:37–38
Type 3 ash layers, occurrence, B19:37–38
Type 4 ash layers, occurrence, B19:37–38

U

upwelling
dolomite, B13:9–10
glaciation, B15:7–8
upwelling, equatorial, oxygen isotopes, B7:5–9
upwelling environment, lithologic units, A8:13; A9:11–12
uranium logs
vs. depth, A6:71–72; A7:76–77; A9:57; A10:61; A11:77
See also thorium/uranium ratio logs

V

vanillyl. See cinnamyl/vanillyl ratio; syringyl/vanillyl ratio
veins, barite, photograph, A8:33
veins, gas hydrates, photograph, A11:81
velocity logs
vs. depth, A11:77
See also sonic velocity logs
vesicles, basalt, A12:11
Vibrio diazotrophicus, microbial community, B3:7
Vibrio mediterranei, cultured isolates, B2:9
Vibrio spp.
cultured isolates, B1:16; B2:9
microbial community, B3:6–9
void gas, methane in situ determination, B20:1–11
volatile fatty acids. See acetate; formate
volcanic ash
lithologic units, A8:13; A9:7–11
marine sediments, B19:1–43
photograph, A9:32
volcanic ash layers
correlation, B19:12–13, 31
description, B19:35–36
geochemistry, B19:11–12, 40–43
location, B19:34
thickness and number, B19:32
volcanic cycles, explosive volcanism, B19:1–43
volcanic glass
geochemistry, B19:10, 39
lithologic units, A12:7–11
volcanic glass, vesicular, backscatter electron imagery, B19:23
volcanic glass/pumice ratio, volcanic ash, B19:8–10
volcanic glass shards
backscatter electron imagery, B19:23
geochemistry, B19:10
photograph, A6:42
volume
pressure coring sampler, A3:10
vs. pressure, A3:18–20

W

water/sediment interface, lithologic units, A6:12
water content. See mass/volume moisture and density
waveforms. See monopole sonic waveform
well-log Unit 1, stratigraphy, A9:27; A10:29–30; A11:34
well-log Unit 1A, stratigraphy, A6:34; A7:36; A9:27; A10:29–30; A11:34
well-log Unit 1B, stratigraphy, A6:34; A7:36; A9:27; A10:29–30; A11:34
well-log Unit 1C, stratigraphy, A6:34; A7:36; A11:34
well-log Unit 1D, stratigraphy, A6:34; A7:36; A11:34
well-log Unit 1E, stratigraphy, A7:36–37
well-log Unit 2, stratigraphy, A9:27; A10:30; A11:34–35
well-log Unit 2A, stratigraphy, A9:27; A10:30; A11:35
well-log Unit 2B, stratigraphy, A9:27; A10:30
well-log Unit 2C, stratigraphy, A9:27
well-log Unit 3, stratigraphy, A9:27; A10:30
well-log Unit 3A, stratigraphy, A9:27
well-log Unit 3B, stratigraphy, A9:27; A10:30
well-log units, stratigraphy, A6:33–34
well-logging
operations, A9:26–28, 72; A10:78; A11:105
stratigraphy, A6:33–34; A7:36–37, 96
wireline logs, vs. thermal data, A4:16

Y

yellowness, vs. depth, A11:49

Z

zeolites, lithologic units, A12:8
Zoophycos
lithologic units, A7:8–9
photograph, A7:41

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