Figure F6. Stable carbon isotope data (based on Cibicidoides mundulus) from southeast Pacific Site 1237 (this study), southern Indian Ocean Site 744 (Barrera and Huber, 1992), North Atlantic Site 563 (Miller and Fairbanks, 1985), and Southern Ocean Site 689 (Kennett and Stott, 1990). Higher and lower delta13C values indicate younger and older deep waters, respectively. Interocean delta13C gradients are small during the late Oligocene (<0.5 per mil), but consistent with an Indo-Pacific to Atlantic aging of deep waters. VPDB = Vienna Peedee belemnite.

Figure F6. Stable carbon isotope data (based on Cibicidoides mundulus) from southeast Pacific Site 1237 (this study), southern Indian Ocean Site 744 (Barrera and Huber, 1992), North Atlantic Site 563 (Miller and Fairbanks, 1985), and Southern Ocean Site 689 (Kennett and Stott, 1990). Higher and lower

¹³C values indicate younger and older deep waters, respectively. Interocean

¹³C gradients are small during the late Oligocene (<0.5

), but consistent with an Indo-Pacific to Atlantic aging of deep waters. VPDB = Vienna Peedee belemnite.