SUBJECT INDEX

A

advanced piston corer temperature, magnetic inclination, A(Appendix):7
advection
heat flow, B1:5
paleoclimatology, A1:32–33
age
paleomagnetism vs. radiolarians, B6:19
published age vs. radiolarian age, B6:20, 29
radiolarian datums, B6:20
vs. temperature, B1:50, 52
age control points, Cenozoic, A4:75
age models
biostratigraphy, A9:56
composite sections, B1:47
foraminifers, B1:10
mass accumulation rates, A1:16–21
orbital derivation, B4:8–10
sedimentation rates, B4:8–12
Site 1232, A3:14
Site 1233, A4:16–17
Site 1234, A5:15
Site 1235, A6:16–17
Site 1236, A7:19–20, 57, 74
Site 1237, A8:25–26, 107; B4:34
Site 1238, A9:23–24, 101
Site 1239, A10:22–23
Site 1240, A11:17–18, 82
Site 1241, A12:18–19, 101; B4:36
Site 1242, A13:15–16, 74
stratigraphy, B4:15–17
upper Pleistocene, A3:14
age vs. depth
control points, A7:64; A8:85–86; A9:86–87; A10:79–80; A11:69; A12:19, 87–88; A13:15, 65
models, A4:16, 53, 76; A7:19–20, 57; A8:71; A10:22, 93; A11:17, 57
Neogene, A1:91–92
alkalinity
pore water, A3:13; A5:13; A6:14; A7:17; A8:23; A9:18; A10:17; A11:15; A12:16
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
alkalinity, interstitial, vs. depth, A1:107
alkane, average chain length
sediments, B7:3–4
vs. depth, B7:9
See also n-alkane
alkenones
Neogene, B1:3–4
paleothermometry, B1:5
sediments, B7:4, 12–14
vs. depth, B7:10–11
aluminum
sediments, B8:5–6
vs. titanium, B8:13
aluminum/titanium ratio, sediments, B8:6
ammonium
Pleistocene, B1:9
pore water, A3:13; A4:15; A5:13; A6:14; A7:17–18; A9:18–19; A10:17; B9:5
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51; B9:17
ammonium, interstitial, vs. depth, A1:107; B9:19–22
amphibole
lithologic units, A3:6–9
vs. depth, A3:25; A4:32
Andes
uplift and paleoclimatology, A1:26–30
uplifts, B1:16
andesitic source, deposition, A8:11–12; A12:10
Antarctic Circumpolar Current, oceanography, A1:4–6, 113
Antarctic Intermediate Water
circulation, A4:2; B1:27
oceanography, A1:5–6, 114
Antarctic Subpolar Front, oceanography, B1:27
Antarctic timing, sea-surface temperature, B1:8
Atlantic ocean circulation, upper Oligocene, B3:5–6
authigenesis
mineralization, A1:24–25
phosphorus, B8:1–19
pore water, A12:16

B

barite, biogenic, sediments, B8:7
barium
pore water, A3:13; A5:13; A6:14–15; A7:18; A9:19; A10:18; A11:15; A12:16; A13:14; B8:1–19
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
barium, barite
sediments, B8:19
vs. excess barium, B8:15
barium, biogenic, particulates, B1:4
barium, excess
sediments, B8:19
vs. barite barium, B8:15
vs. depth, B8:16
See also phosphorus, reactive/excess barium ratio
barium/titanium ratio, sediments, B8:6
basement, fluid flow, A1:25
bathymetry
Site 1236, A7:23
Site 1238, A9:27
three-dimensional image, A5:18; A6:20
bathymetry, swath
Chile margin, A1:122
Site 1236, A7:24
Site 1237, A8:30
Site 1238, A9:28
Site 1239, A10:27
Site 1240, A1:135; A11:23
Site 1241, A12:23
Site 1242, A13:20
bioclasts, lithologic units, A6:6
biogenic component, vs. depth, A4:7–8, 33; A6:30
biogeochemistry
climate change, A1:26–30
constraints, A1:21–25
sediments, B9:4
biogeography, biostratigraphy, A7:12
biomarkers
Neogene, B1:3–4
total organic carbon, B7:1–14
biostratigraphy
age models, A9:23, 56
age vs. depth models, A7:57; A8:71; A9:75; A10:68; A11:57; A12:73; A13:53
Cenozoic, A1:14–16, 115
Pleistocene, B5:1–10
radiolarians, B6:1–29
Site 1232, A3:9–11
Site 1233, A4:9–10
Site 1234, A5:8–10
Site 1235, A6:9–11
Site 1236, A7:11–15
Site 1237, A8:14–20
Site 1238, A9:12–17
Site 1239, A10:10–15
Site 1240, A11:10–13
Site 1241, A12:10–13
Site 1242, A13:9–12
biotite, lithologic units, A11:7
bioturbation
lithologic units, A6:7–9; A8:7–9; A9:8–11; A11:8–10
photograph, A6:33; A9:47; A10:47; A11:41
black spots, photograph, A8:52
Bolivina spp., vs. depth, A5:36; A6:40
boron
pore water, A3:13; A4:15; A5:13; A6:15; A7:18; A9:19; A10:18; A13:14
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
bottom waters, biostratigraphy, A6:10
Brunhes Chron
directional variability, A5:11–12
magnetic polarity, A3:12
sediments, A11:14; A13:12–13
Brunhes/Matuyama boundary, sediments, A7:16; A8:21; A11:14; A12:14
bryozoan fragments, photomicrograph, A7:47
Bulimina spp., vs. depth, A6:40
bulk density logs, vs. gamma ray attenuation density, A9:44
burrows
lithologic units, A12:9
photograph, A9:47; A10:47; A11:41; A13:39
butane
headspace gases, A10:88
sediments, A10:16
See also i-butane; n-butane
Byrd ice core, millennial-scale variations, A1:116

C

calcareous component
lithologic units, A7:7–10
vs. depth, A4:33
calcareous component/(calcareous + siliceous) component ratio, vs. depth, A3:25; A4:32; A5:29
calcareous microfossils
lithologic units, A8:9–11
vs. depth, A8:45, 59
calcite
recrystallization, A12:16
X-ray diffraction data, A9:54
See also micrite
calcite, authigenic, lithologic units, A5:8
calcite, inorganic, vs. depth, A5:29
calcium
pore water, A1:24–25; A3:13; A4:15; A5:13–14; A6:15; A7:18; A8:23; A9:19; A10:18; A11:15; A12:16; A13:14
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
See also manganese/calcium ratio
calcium, interstitial, vs. depth, A1:105
caliper logs, vs. depth, A9:67; A10:62; A12:66
Cape Horn Current, circulation, A4:1
carbon, inorganic
data, A3:53–54
sediments, A3:13; A4:15, 73–74; A5:14, 62–63; A6:15, 65–67; A7:18–19, 72–73; A8:24, 103–105; A9:19, 98–100; A10:19, 90–92; A11:16, 79–80; A12:16, 99–100; A13:15, 72–73
carbon, total
data, A3:53–54
sediments, A4:73–74; A5:62–63; A6:65–67; A7:18–19, 72–73; A8:103–105; A10:90–92; A11:79–80; A12:99–100; A13:72–73
carbon, total organic
biomarkers, B7:1–14
correlation, A1:115
data, A3:53–54
Neogene, B1:3–4
sediments, A3:13–14; A4:15–16, 73–74; A5:14–15, 62–63; A6:16, 65–67; A7:72–73; A8:24–25, 103–105; A9:20, 98–100; A10:19, 90–92; A11:16, 79–80; A12:16–17, 99–100; A13:15, 72–73; B7:12–14
vs. age, A1:111
vs. carbonate content, A8:69; A9:65; A10:60; A11:55; B7:3
vs. depth, A1:85; A4:36, 49; A5:43; A6:48; A8:44, 57, 68; A9:45–46, 64; A10:45–46, 59; A11:37, 54; A12:47, 64; A13:52; B7:7–8
vs. hydrogen index, A5:15, 45; A6:50; A8:70; A11:56
vs. sulfur, A5:45; A6:50; A8:70; A11:56
vs. total nitrogen, A1:103; A5:44; A6:49; A10:60; A11:55
vs. total organic carbon/total nitrogen ratio, A1:104; A4:16, 50; A5:44; A6:49; A9:65
vs. uranium logs, A9:74
See also odd/even carbon number preference index
carbon, total organic on a carbonate-free basis
sediments, A10:90–92; A11:79–80; A12:99–100
vs. depth, A10:59; A11:54; A12:64
carbon, total organic/total nitrogen ratio
data, A3:53–54
sediments, A3:13–14; A4:73–74; A5:15, 62–63; A6:16, 65–67; A8:24–25, 103–105; A9:20, 98–100; A10:19–20, 90–92; A11:16–17, 79–80; A12:16–17, 99–100; A13:15, 72–73; B9:4
vs. depth, A6:48; A8:68; A9:64; A10:59; A11:54; A12:64; A13:52; B9:16
vs. total organic carbon, A1:104; A4:50; A5:44; A6:49; A9:65
carbon, total organic/total sulfur ratio, sediments, A5:15, 62–63; A6:16, 65–67
carbon-14 age, sediments, B2:3–5
carbon/nitrogen ratio, sedimentary organic matter, A1:23–24
carbon dioxide
headspace gases, A10:16, 88
middle Pliocene, B1:6
oceanography, A1:6; B1:22–24
vs. depth, A10:57
carbon flux
biostratigraphy, A4:10
foraminifers, A12:13
carbon isotopes
age models, B4:12–17, 29–30
comparison of Sites 851 and 1241, B12:46
foraminifers, B12:13–14
Globorotalia menardii and Globorotalia limbata, B12:47
obliquity, B1:46
Pliocene–Pleistocene foraminifers, B11:1–19
upper Oligocene, B3:5–6
vs. age, B3:15; B12:43–44
vs. depth, B3:13; B11:6
vs. oxygen isotopes, B4:31–33
carbon number. See odd/even carbon number preference index
carbonate content
correlation, A1:115
data, A3:53–54
sediments, A4:73–74; A5:62–63; A6:15–16, 65–67; A7:18–19, 72–73; A8:103–105; A9:20, 98–100; A10:90–92; A11:16, 79–80; A12:99–100; A13:72–73; B7:12–14
vs. age, A1:111
vs. depth, A1:85; A4:33, 36, 49; A5:43; A6:48; A7:39, 41, 44, 56; A8:44, 57, 68; A9:45–46, 64; A10:45–46, 59; A11:37, 54; A12:47, 64; A13:36, 38, 52; B7:7–8
vs. grain density, A9:51; A10:49; A11:39; A12:49; A13:44
vs. total organic carbon, A8:69; A9:65; A10:60; A11:55; B7:3
carbonate content, authigenic, vs. depth, A6:30
carbonate content, biogenic, vs. depth, A6:30
carbonate crash, Miocene, A12:10
Caribbean plate, tectonics, A1:7
Carnegie Ridge
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:19–20
site description, A9:1–101; A10:1–93
Cenozoic
biostratigraphy, A1:14–16
magnetostratigraphy, A1:14–16
oxygen isotopes, B3:10
Cenozoic, upper, paleoclimatology, B1:48
Central American Isthmus, closure, A1:7, 30–32; B1:13–17
chalcedony, diagenesis, A9:11
chalk
lithologic units, A7:9–10; A9:8–11
photograph, A9:54–55
X-ray diffraction data, A9:54
chalk, glauconite-bearing, photograph, A7:49
chert
lithologic units, A9:8–11
photograph, A9:55
Chile Basin
paleomagnetism, A(Appendix):1–10
site description, A3:1–54
Chile margin
gas hydrates, A1:25
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:16–17
Chile Trench, site description, A4:1–76
Chilean Fjord Water, oceanography, A1:113
chloride
pore water, A3:12–13; A4:14; A5:12; A6:13; A7:17; A8:23; A9:18; A10:17; A11:14; A12:15; A13:13
pore water profiles, A1:25
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
chloride, interstitial, vs. depth, A1:106
chlorins
absorption, A10:51
deposition, A11:9–10; A12:9–10
lithologic units, A9:8
chlorophyll
paleoclimatology, B12:9
vs. water depth, B12:36
chlorophyll-a
concentration, A1:109; A8:33; A9:32; A10:31; A11:26; A12:27; A13:24; B12:36
vs. water depth, B12:36
chromaticity
vs. depth, A1:118, 121, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, 137, 139, 141; A3:26, 30; A4:29; A5:28; A6:29, 32; A7:39; A9:49, 52; A11:37
See also reflectance
Chron 1n, sediments, A7:16; A11:14
Chron 1r.1n, sediments, A7:16; A11:14
Chron 2An, sediments, A7:16; A8:21
Chron 2An.1n, sediments, A11:14
Chron 2An.1r, sediments, A8:21
Chron 2An.2r, sediments, A8:21
Chron 2n, sediments, A7:16; A11:14
Chron 2r, sediments, A8:21
Chron 3n, sediments, A8:21
Chron 3n.1n, sediments, A8:21
Chron 3n.3n, sediments, A8:21
Chron 4r, sediments, A8:21
Chron 5Ar, sediments, A8:21
Chron 5n, sediments, A8:21
Chron 8n, sediments, B3:13–14
Chron 8r, sediments, B3:5, 13–14
Chron 8r oxygen isotope shift, upper Oligocene, B3:5–6
Chron 9n
magnetic polarity, B3:4–5,13–14
sediments, A8:22
chron boundaries, magnetic polarity, A7:69; A8:98–99; A11:75
chronostratigraphy
middle Miocene, B1:7
upper Quaternary, B2:1–22
chronostratigraphy, astronomically calibrated, Neogene, B4:1–69
Circumpolar Deep Water, oceanography, A1:5–6
clastics, vs. depth, A3:25; A4:33
clastics/(clastic + biogenic) component ratio, vs. depth, A3:25; A4:32; A5:29
clay, calcareous, lithologic units, A8:7–9
clay, diatom-bearing silty, lithologic units, A5:5–8
clay, diatom nannofossil, lithologic units, A8:7–9
clay, lithologic units, A3:6–9; A5:5–8; A9:8–11; A10:6–10
clay, nannofossil, lithologic units, A4:6–8; A13:6–7
clay, nannofossil-bearing silty, lithologic units, A4:6–8; A5:5–8
clay, nannofossil silty, lithologic units, A4:6–8; A5:5–8
clay, siliceous, lithologic units, A8:7–9
clay, silty, lithologic units, A3:6–9; A6:6–9
clay minerals
lithologic units, A5:5–8; A6:6–9; A7:6–10; A8:7–9; A10:6–10; A11:6–10
vs. depth, A13:37
climate change
Neogene, A1:26–30
orbital-scale paleoclimatology, B1:19–24
climate change, millennial-scale, causes, A1:33–37; B1:24–29
climate cycles, paleoclimatology, A1:32–33; B1:19–30
climate forcing, Pliocene, B13:11–13
coarse-grained layers
lithologic units, A3:6–9, 43–46
vs. age, B3:14
vs. depth, A3:24–25, 30
Coastal Current, oceanography, A1:113
Cochiti Subchron, sediments, A8:21
Cocos plate, tectonics, A1:6–7
Cocos Ridge, site description, A12:1–101; A13:1–74
Cocos Rise, mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:20–21
color
color plane, A3:29; A4:35; A5:34; A6:37; A7:45; A8:46; A9:52; A10:50; A11:44; A12:50; A13:42–43
lithologic units, A3:7–9; A4:7; A5:5–8; A6:6–9; A7:6–10; A8:7–11; A9:7–11; A10:8–10; A13:7–9
photograph, A4:30; A6:33; A11:41; A12:52; A13:39
color banding
lithologic units, A11:6–10
photograph, A8:51–52, 54; A9:48; A11:42
color banding, green, X-ray diffraction data, A8:53
compaction, effect on nitrogen isotopes, B9:8–10
composite depth scale, A5:47; A6:52; A7:59; A8:75–76; A9:78–79; A10:71–72; A11:60–61; A12:76–77; A13:56–57; B4:22
composite depths
mass accumulation rates, A1:10
Site 1232, A3:38
composite section
Site 1232, A3:4–5
Site 1233, A4:4–5
Site 1234, A5:4–5
Site 1235, A6:4–5
Site 1236, A7:4–5
Site 1238, A9:5–6
Site 1239, A10:5–6
Site 1240, A11:4–5
Site 1241, A12:4–5
Site 1242, A13:4–5
compressional wave velocity, vs. depth, A11:37
compressional wave velocity logs, vs. depth, A9:68; A10:63; A12:67
continental slope, thermal regime, B1:5
core-log correlation, sediments, A9:23; A10:21–22; A12:18
core-log integration, vs. depth, A1:81
core barrels, nonmagnetic
effect on paleomagnetism, A(Appendix):1–10
magnetic inclination, A(Appendix):8
magnetic intensity, A(Appendix):9
tools, A1:13
core offsets
tidal effects, A1:11
vs. time, A1:84
cores, digital imaging, A1:12–13
coring summary, A1:142–143
correlation
magnetic polarity, B3:4–5
stratigraphy, A1:9–11, 115
crust, volcanic, tectonics, A1:6–7
cyclic processes
deposition, A10:8–10
temperature, B13:7

D

Dansgaard-Oeschger events, millennial-scale climate change, A1:33–37
decomposition, organic matter, A6:14
deconvolution, U-channel paleomagnetic studies, B14:9, 28–30
deep water
millennial-scale climate change, A1:34
upper Oligocene, B3:5–6
degassing, lithologic units, A4:6–8
demagnetization, alternating-field
sediments, A3:11; A4:11–12
U-channel paleomagnetic studies, B14:9, 28–30
demagnetization, sediments, A7:15–16; A8:20–22; A9:17; A10:15–16; A11:13–14; A12:13–14; A13:12–13; B2:3–4
denitrification, nitrogen isotopes, B1:10
density, vs. density logs, A9:73; A12:68
density, bulk
vs. depth, A3:27; A4:37; A5:32–33; A6:35; A7:40
vs. dry density, A3:28
vs. gamma ray attenuation bulk density, A10:44
vs. water content, A3:28
density, dry, vs. bulk density, A3:28
density, gamma ray attenuation bulk
comparison of core and downhole, A1:83
cyclic variations, A1:94; B4:23
insolation, B4:26
meters composite depth, A3:4–5
spliced records, A3:21; A4:5, 27; A5:26; A6:27; A7:4, 37; A9:41; A10:41; A11:34; A12:37–44, 47; A13:33
vs. age, A9:56; B4:24
vs. bulk density, A10:44
vs. bulk density logs, A9:44
vs. density logs, A10:64
vs. depth, A1:118, 121, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, 137, 139, 141; A3:30; A4:29; A5:28, 32; A6:29, 36; A7:39, 44; A8:44; A9:45, 49, 51; A10:45; A11:37, 39; A13:36
vs. moisture and density bulk density, A10:49; A12:49; A13:44
See also gamma ray attenuation bulk density power
density, gamma ray attenuation bulk/moisture and density bulk ratio, vs. depth, A9:51; A10:49; A11:39; A12:49; A13:44
density, grain
vs. carbonate content, A9:51; A10:49; A11:39; A12:49; A13:44
vs. depth, A3:27; A4:37; A5:33; A6:35; A7:40; A9:51; A10:49; A11:39; A12:49; A13:44
density, moisture and density bulk density
vs. gamma ray attenuation bulk density, A10:49; A11:39; A12:49; A13:44
vs. porosity, A9:51; A10:49; A11:39; A12:49; A13:44
density logs
vs. density, A9:73; A12:68
vs. depth, A9:68; A10:63; A12:67
vs. gamma ray attenuation density, A10:64
vs. resistivity logs, A12:70
See also bulk density logs
deposition
history, A8:56; A10:8–10; A11:9–10; A12:9–10; A13:8–9
history summary, A7:50
lithologic units, A3:8–9; A4:8; A5:6–8; A6:8–9; A7:9–10; A8:11–14; A9:9–11
depth offsets, spliced records, A8:43
deviation logs, vs. depth, A12:66
deviation main logs, vs. depth, A9:67; A10:62
diagenesis
lithologic units, A6:7–9
nitrogen isotopes, B1:9–10; B9:1–22
organic matter, A4:14; A5:12; A6:14; A7:17; A8:23; A9:18; A10:17; A11:15; A12:15
diagenesis, anaerobic, organic matter, B9:5–6
diagenesis, postdepositional, lithologic units, A9:11
diatom abundance, millennial-scale variations, A1:116
diatom density, vs. depth, A12:48, 57
diatoms
biostratigraphy, A3:10–11; A4:10; A5:10; A6:10–11; A7:14–15; A8:19–20; A9:15–17; A10:14–15; A11:12–13; A12:13; A13:11–12
distribution, A3:49–50; A4:70; A5:58–59; A6:61–62; A8:94–97; A9:92–95; A10:86–87; A11:73–74; A12:93–96; A13:69
lithologic units, A5:6–8; A6:6; A7:6–7; A8:7–9; A10:6–10; A11:6–10; A12:8–10; A13:6–9
photograph, A11:42; A13:40
vs. depth, A4:33, 38; A5:29, 35; A6:39; A8:59; A9:46, 57; A10:46, 52; A11:38, 47; A12:48, 57; A13:38, 46
digital imaging, cores, A1:12–13
dilution, sedimentary organic matter, A1:23–24
dissolution, foraminifers, A12:12
dolomite, authigenic, lithologic units, A13:6–9
dolomite, authigenic carbonate nodules, A6:6, 31
downhole measurements
Site 1238, A9:21–23
Site 1239, A10:20–22
Site 1241, A12:17–18
Drake Passage, opening, A1:7
drilling, APC penetration, A1:8, 144
dust, eolian, paleoclimatology, A1:26–30
dysoxic indicators, vs. depth, A5:36

E

eastern equatorial Pacific cold tongue, climate change, B1:20
eccentricity, temperature, B13:7
El Niņo Southern Oscillation, circulation, A4:1
El Niņo Southern Oscillation, permanent, lower Pliocene, B13:9–11
eolian input, deposition, A8:13–14
Equatorial Front, oceanography, A1:4–6
Equatorial Undercurrent, paleodrift, B12:3–5
erosion contacts, sediments, A3:8–9
ethane
headspace and Vacutainer gases, A4:13, 71; A5:12, 60; A6:13, 46, 63
headspace gases, A9:18; A13:70
sediments, A9:96; A10:16
Ethmodiscus spp., photograph, A13:40
extinction events, foraminifers, A12:12
extraterrestrial events, millennial-scale climate change, A1:33–37

F

fast track, magnetic susceptibility, A1:9–10
feldspar, lithologic units, A3:6–9; A5:5–8; A6:6–9; A11:7–10; A13:6–9
firmground, photograph, A8:55
fissures, lithologic units, A4:6–8; A6:8–9
floatstone, lithologic units, A7:7–10
fluid flow, basement, A1:25
foraminifer abundance, vs. age, A1:111
foraminifers
age models, B1:10
carbon and oxygen isotopes, B12:10–14
dissolution, A12:12
distribution, A3:48; A4:68–69; A5:56–57; A6:59–60; A7:68; A10:84–85
geochemistry, B1:9
lithologic units, A7:7–10; A9:8–11; A11:8–10; A12:6–10; A13:6–9
Pliocene–Pleistocene sequence geochemistry, B11:1–19
preservation, A1:111
stable isotopes, B1:11
vs. depth, A4:33; A5:29, 35; A7:41, 51; A9:46, 57; A10:46, 52; A11:38, 47; A12:48, 57; A13:38, 46
foraminifers, benthic
biostratigraphy, A3:10; A4:9–10; A5:9–10; A6:10; A7:14; A8:18–19; A9:15; A10:13–14; A11:12; A12:12–13; A13:11
distribution, A8:92–93
oxygen isotopes, B3:1–15
photomicrograph, A7:47
stable isotopes, B4:1–69
vs. age, A1:111; B4:25, 27, 35
vs. depth, A4:38; A5:35–36; A6:39; A7:51; A8:59; A9:57; A10:52; A11:47; A12:57; A13:46
foraminifers, deep-dwelling planktonic, magnesium/calcium ratio, B12:50–51
foraminifers, planktonic
biostratigraphy, A3:9–10; A4:9; A5:9; A6:9–10; A7:13–14; A8:16–18; A9:14–15; A10:12–13; A11:11; A12:12; A13:10–11
distribution, A8:90–91; A9:90–91; A11:72; A12:89–92; A13:68
isotopes, B12:5–7
oxygen and carbon isotopes, B12:49
Pliocene mixed-layer oceanography, B13:1–27
scanning electron microscope data, B12:37
vs. depth, A5:35; A6:39; A7:51; A8:59
See also preferred habitat of planktonic foraminifers
foraminifers, thermocline-dwelling, oxygen isotopes, B12:12–13
Formation MicroScanner imaging logs
vs. depth, A9:71–72; A10:66; A12:71
vs. spherically focused resistivity logs, A12:72
fractionation, nitrogen isotopes, B9:1–22

G

Galapagos Islands, oceanography, A1:4–6
gamma ray attenuation bulk density power, vs. frequency, A9:56
gamma ray logs
vs. depth, A9:67, 69; A10:21, 62, 67; A12:18, 66, 69
vs. gamma rays, A9:44, 70; A10:44, 65
See also multisensor spectral gamma ray logs
gamma rays
comparison of core and downhole, A1:82
meters composite depth, A3:4–5
sediments, A9:22
spliced records, A4:5, 27; A5:26; A6:27; A9:41; A10:41; A11:34; A12:44; A13:33
vs. depth, A1:118, 121, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, 137, 139, 141; A3:26; A4:29; A5:28; A6:29; A7:39; A8:44; A9:45; A10:45; A11:37; A12:47; A13:36–37
vs. gamma ray logs, A9:44; A10:44
gas hydrates
chloride pore water profiles, A1:25
decomposition, A4:14
gateway closures, thermal structure, B1:13–16
gateways, tropical, Pliocene, B12:1–51
Gauss Chron, sediments, A11:14
Gauss/Matuyama boundary, sediments, A7:16; A8:21
geochemistry
foraminifers, B1:9
Site 1232, A3:12–14
Site 1233, A4:13–16
Site 1234, A5:12–15
Site 1235, A6:13–16
Site 1236, A7:17–19
Site 1237, A8:22–25; B8:1–19
Site 1238, A9:17–21
Site 1239, A10:16–20
Site 1240, A11:14–17
Site 1241, A12:15–17
Site 1242, A13:13–15
summary, A1:145
geomagnetic Excursion 3
sediments, B2:6–7
time-depth plots, B2:21
geomagnetic Excursion 3, B2:6–7, 13, 16, 18–19
geomagnetic field
excursions, A4:11–12; A5:40
Holocene–late Pleistocene behavior, A1:13–14
geomagnetic paleointensity, age vs. depth, A4:52
geomagnetic polarity timescale, sediments, A7:16; A8:21–22
Gilbert Chron, sediments, A8:21
GISP2 ice core, millennial-scale variations, A1:116
glaciation
millennial-scale climate change, A1:33–37
paleoclimatology, A1:32–33
glass shards, lithologic units, A5:8; A10:8–10
glauconite, authigenic
lithologic units, A7:9
photograph, A7:48
Globigerinoides sacculifer, Pliocene mixed-layer oceanography, B13:1–27
Globobulimina spp., vs. depth, A5:36
goethite
deposition, A8:12–13
reflectance spectra, A6:38
graded bedding, sediments, A3:8–9
grainstone, lithologic units, A7:7–10
gravity currents, lithologic units, A7:10
Guatemala Basin, site description, A12:1–101
Gunther Undercurrent
circulation, A4:2; B1:27
oceanography, A1:5–6, 114

H

heat flow, advection, B1:5
Heinrich events, millennial-scale climate change, A1:33–37
hematite
deposition, A8:12–13; B1:51
reflectance spectra, A6:38
vs. age, A8:58
hemipelagic sediments
deposition, A13:8–9
lithologic units, A3:8–9; A4:8; A5:15; A6:8–9
hiatuses
biostratigraphy, A9:12; A13:10–12
deposition, A10:10
lithologic units, A13:7–9
Miocene, A9:15
photograph, A13:45
Holocene
biostratigraphy, A8:19
lithologic units, A8:7–9; A9:7–11; A13:6–7
millennial-scale variations, A1:116
pollen, B1:6
Stage 1 high-resolution paleomagnetic interval, B14:3–5
temperature, B13:7
hydrogen index, vs. total organic carbon, A5:15, 45; A6:16, 50; A8:70; A11:17, 56
hydrogen sulfide, pore water, A9:18; A12:15
hydrography, mixed-layer, lower Pliocene, B13:8–9

I

i-butane, headspace gases, A10:88
i-pentane, headspace gases, A10:88
Indo-Pacific ocean circulation, upper Oligocene, B3:5–6
insolation
gamma ray attenuation density, B4:26
millennial-scale climate change, A1:33–37
sand record, B4:28
vs. age, B4:24
interbedded sequence, photograph, A3:23
intermediate water, millennial-scale climate change, A1:34
Intertropical Convergence Zone, oceanography, A1:4–6; B1:27–28
iron
pore water, A3:13; A4:14; A5:13; A6:14; A10:17; A11:15; A12:15; A13:13–14
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
iron oxides, lithologic units, A7:9
iron oxyhydroxides, deposition, A8:13–14
irradiance percentage, vs. water depth, B12:36
isotopes, organic matter, B9:5

J

Jaramillo Subchron, sediments, A7:16; A8:21; A11:14; A12:14

K

Kaena Subchron, sediments, A8:21; B4:14
kutnahorite, foraminifers, B1:9

L

laminations, lithologic units, A12:8–9
lapilli layer
lithologic units, A12:6–10
photograph, A12:53
Laschamp Event
age vs. depth models, A4:53
directional variability, A5:11–12
excursions, A5:40
millennial-scale variations, A1:116; A4:29
Last Glacial Maximum
sea-surface temperature, B1:7
temperature, B13:7
late Oligocene climate optimum, stable isotopes, B1:5
lightness
frequency vs. age, A1:112
spliced records, A3:21
vs. age, A9:56
vs. depth, A1:118, 121, 124, 126, 128, 130, 132, 134, 137, 139, 141; A4:29; A5:28; A6:29; A7:39, 44; A8:44; A9:45, 49; A10:45; A12:47; A13:36
lightness power, vs. frequency, A9:56
limestone. See packstone; rudstone; wackestone
limestone porosity logs, vs. depth, A10:63
lipids, vs. total organic carbon, A11:17
lithium
pore water, A4:15; A5:14; A6:15; A9:19; A10:18; A11:16; A12:16; A13:14
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
lithologic units, Pacific Ocean SE, A3:6–9; A4:6–8; A5:5–8, 52; A6:5–9, 57; A7:5–10, 63; A8:7–14, 82; A10:6–10; A11:5–10; A12:6–10; A13:6–9, 63
Unit I, A3:6–8, 42; A4:6–8, 64; A5:5–8, 52; A6:5–9, 57; A7:6–7; A8:7–9; A9:7–9, 84; A10:6–10, 77; A11:5–10, 67; A12:6–10, 82; A13:6–7
Unit II, A7:7–8; A8:9–11; A13:7–8
Unit III, A7:8–9
Unit IV, A7:9
lithology, vs. depth, A1:118, 121; A4:29; A5:28; A6:29; A7:39; A9:45; A10:45; A11:37; A12:47; A13:36
lithostratigraphy
reflectance spectroscopy, A1:11–12
Site 1232, A3:5–9
Site 1233, A4:5–8
Site 1234, A5:5–8
Site 1235, A6:5–9
Site 1236, A7:5–10
Site 1237, A8:6–14
Site 1238, A9:6–11
Site 1239, A10:6–10
Site 1240, A11:5–10
Site 1241, A12:5–10
Site 1242, A13:5–9
vs. depth, A3:26

M

magnesium
pore water, A1:24–25; A3:13; A4:15; A5:13–14; A6:15; A7:18; A8:23–23; A9:19; A10:18; A11:16; A12:16; A13:14
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
magnesium/calcium ratio
deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifers, B12:50–51
Neogene, B1:4, 19–24, 56
paleoclimatology, B12:8–10
paleotemperature equations, B12:48
planktonic foraminifers, B1:4, 13–19
Pliocene, B1:5
Pliocene mixed-layer oceanography, B13:1–27
Pliocene–Pleistocene foraminifers, B11:1–19
pore water, A4:15; A5:14; A6:15; A7:18; A9:19; A10:18; A11:15; A12:16; A13:14
spectral analysis, B13:24–25
vs. age, B12:39, 41; B13:21–23
vs. depth, A1:105; A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51; B11:7
magnetic declination
sediments, A11:13–14; A12:13–14; B2:3–5
U-channel paleomagnetic studies, B14:17, 22, 27
vs. depth, A1:90; A3:31; A4:40–42; A5:37, 40; A6:43–45; A11:50–51; A12:60–61; A13:49
vs. paleomagnetic secular variation splice, A1:88–89
magnetic inclination
advanced piston corer temperature, A(Appendix):7
nonmagnetic core barrels, A(Appendix):8, 10
sediments, A7:16; A11:13–14; A12:13–14; B2:3–5
U-channel paleomagnetic studies, B14:16, 21, 26
vs. age, A4:43
vs. depth, A1:90; A3:31–33; A4:40–41, 44; A5:37, 39–40; A6:42–44; A7:53–54; A8:60–65; A9:59–60; A10:56; A11:49; A12:60; A13:48
magnetic intensity
magnetic polarity, A3:12
natural remanent magnetization, A4:11–13
nonmagnetic core barrels, A(Appendix):9–10
sediments, A7:15–16; A8:20–22; A9:17; A10:15–16; A11:13–14; A12:13–14; A13:12–13; B2:3–5
vs. depth, A3:31–34; A4:39–41, 45; A5:37–38; A6:41–42, 44; A7:52; A8:60; A9:58, 61; A10:53–55; A11:48; A12:58–59; A13:47
vs. magnetic susceptibility, A3:34; A4:46
See also geomagnetic paleointensity; paleointensity
magnetic intensity, normalized relative
vs. depth, A1:90
vs. paleomagnetic secular variation splice, A1:88–89
magnetic overprints, paleomagnetism, A(Appendix):4–5
magnetic polarity
chron boundaries, A7:69; A8:98–99; A11:75
correlation, B3:4–5
directional variability, A5:11–12; A9:17; A10:16; A12:14; A13:12–13
paleomagnetic age, A7:70; A11:76
sediments, A3:12; A7:16; A8:21–22; A11:13–14
vs. depth, A7:54; A8:61–65; B3:13
magnetic reversals, ages, B4:37
magnetic susceptibility
correlation, A1:115
fast track, A1:9–10; A3:19–20; A4:24–26; A5:22–25; A7:4; A8:37–42; A9:35–40; A10:34–40; A11:29–33; A13:27–32
meters composite depth, A3:4–5; A5:4; A6:24–26; A7:29–32; A9:5–6; A10:5; A11:4–5; A12:4–5; A13:4–5
millennial-scale variations, A1:116
sediments, A3:40–41; A4:7, 59–63; A5:49–51; A7:61–62; A9:81–83; A10:74–76; A11:63–66; A12:79–81; A13:59–62
spliced records, A6:27; A8:36; A10:41; A11:34; A12:30–36, 44; A13:33
U-channel paleomagnetic studies, B14:13, 18, 23
vs. age, A4:51; A9:56
vs. depth, A1:118, 121, 124, 126, 128, 130, 134, 137, 139, 141; A3:26, 30, 32–33; A4:29, 32–33, 51; A5:28–29; A6:29, 32; A7:39, 41, 44; A9:45; A10:45–46; A12:47, 59; A13:36–37; B4:23
vs. magnetic intensity, A3:34; A4:46
magnetic susceptibility, multisensor track, spliced records, A3:5, 21; A5:26; A6:53–55; A7:37; A8:5, 78–81; A9:41
magnetic susceptibility power, vs. frequency, A9:56
magnetostratigraphy
age vs. depth models, A7:57; A8:71; A9:75; A10:68; A11:57; A12:73; A13:53
Cenozoic, A1:14–16, 115
sediments, A7:16
upper Oligocene, B3:1–15
major elements
sediments, B10:1–9
terrigenous input, B1:8–9
Mammoth Subchron, sediments, A8:21; B4:14
manganese
particulates, B1:4
pore water, A3:13; A4:14; A5:13; A6:14; A7:17; A8:23; A9:18; A10:17; A11:15; A12:15; A13:13; B8:1–19
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51; B8:14
manganese/calcium ratio
Pliocene–Pleistocene foraminifers, B11:1–19
vs. depth, B11:7
marine environment, nitrogen isotopes, B9:1–22
marine oxygen isotope excursion Oi2b, Site 1237, B3:4–15
marine oxygen isotope stages
Quaternary, B1:6
stratigraphy, B1:11–13
mass accumulation rates
age models, A1:16–21
age vs. depth models, A4:53, 76; A9:75; A10:68, 93; A11:57
composite depths, A1:10
sediments, B2:3–4
Site 1232, A3:14
Site 1233, A4:16–17
Site 1234, A5:15
Site 1235, A6:16–17
Site 1236, A7:19–20
Site 1237, A8:25–26, 107
Site 1238, A9:23–24, 101
Site 1239, A10:22–23
Site 1240, A11:17–18, 82
Site 1241, A12:18–19
Site 1242, A13:15–16, 74
upper Pleistocene, A3:14, 101
vs. age, A7:57, 74; A8:71–72; A9:75; A10:68; A12:73; A13:53
mass accumulation rates, biogenic opal, vs. age, A1:96
mass accumulation rates, carbonate, vs. age, A1:95, 109
mass accumulation rates, noncarbonate, vs. age, A1:95
mass accumulation rates, terrigenous sediment, vs. age, A1:96, 108
mass accumulation rates, total, linear sedimentation rates, A1:93
Matuyama Chron, sediments, A11:14
medium resistivity logs, vs. depth, A9:68; A10:63; A12:67
Mesoamerican Trench, site description, A13:1–74
metals, sediments, B10:1–9
meters composite depth
magnetic susceptibility, A5:4; A6:24–26; A7:29–32; A8:5–6; A9:5–6; A10:5; A11:4–5; A12:4–5; A13:4–5
spliced records, A3:4; A4:4
vs. depth, A3:22; A4:28; A5:27; A6:28; A7:38; A8:43; A9:43; A10:43; A11:36; A12:46; A13:35
methane
headspace and Vacutainer gases, A4:13, 71; A5:12, 60; A6:13, 46, 63
headspace gases, A3:51; A8:22, 101; A9:18; A10:88; A11:14, 52, 77; A12:15, 62, 97; A13:13, 70
sediments, A3:12; A9:96; A10:16
vs. depth, A3:35; A4:47; A5:41; A8:66; A9:62; A10:57; A13:50
methane/ethane ratio
headspace and Vacutainer gases, A4:13, 71; A5:12, 60; A6:13, 46, 63
headspace gases, A10:88; A11:77; A13:13, 70
sediments, A9:96; A10:16
vs. depth, A4:47; A5:41; A9:62; A10:57; A13:50
methanogenesis
organic matter, A1:22–23
pore water, A4:14
methods, paleomagnetism, A(Appendix):1–10
micas, vs. depth, A3:25; A4:32
micrite
diagenesis, A9:11
lithologic units, A8:9–11; A9:8–11
photograph, A8:55
vs. depth, A7:41; A8:45; A9:46; A10:46; A11:38; A12:48; A13:38
micrite, authigenic, lithologic units, A10:7–10; A13:6–9
microconductivity logs, vs. resistivity logs, A12:72
mid-Pliocene warmth, paleoclimatology, B12:9
mineralization, authigenesis, A1:24–25
minor elements, Pliocene–Pleistocene foraminifers, B11:3
Miocene
biostratigraphy, A7:11–15
carbonate crash, A12:10
deposition, A13:8–9
lithologic units, A7:6–8; A8:10–11; A10:6–10
nannofossil events, A10:11
nannofossils, A9:13
stratigraphy, A7:57
Miocene, middle
biostratigraphy, A8:17
chronostratigraphy, B1:7
foraminifers, A10:13
lithologic units, A9:8–11; A13:7–8
orbital forcing, B1:6
Miocene, middle/upper boundary, biostratigraphy, A8:16
Miocene, upper
biostratigraphy, A8:19
deposition, A12:9–10
diatoms, A9:16; A10:14–15; A11:12
foraminifers, A10:13
lithologic units, A8:9–10; A9:7–11; A12:6–10
Miocene/Pliocene boundary
biostratigraphy, A7:12; A8:17
foraminifers, A9:15
Miocene–Pliocene sequence
biostratigraphy, A8:18
radiolarian datums, B6:5–9
mixed-layer oceanography, Pliocene, B13:1–27
Mocha Fracture Zone, site description, A3:1
molybdenum. See uranium/molybdenum ratio
monosulfides, lithologic units, A4:6–8; A5:8
mottling
lithologic units, A5:5–8; A8:7–9; A9:10; A11:8–10; A12:9
photograph, A4:31; A10:47; A11:41
multisensor spectral gamma ray logs, vs. depth, A9:67

N

n-alkane
sediments, B7:3–4
vs. depth, B7:9
n-butane, headspace gases, A10:88
nannofossil datums, biostratigraphy, A11:10
nannofossil events
Pleistocene, B5:1–10
Pliocene, A9:12–13
nannofossils
lithologic units, A5:5–8; A6:6; A7:6–7; A8:7–9; A10:6–10; A11:6–10; A12:8–10; A13:6–9
vs. depth, A4:33, 38; A5:29, 35; A7:41, 51; A8:59; A9:46, 57; A10:46, 52; A11:38, 47; A12:48, 57; A13:38, 46
nannofossils, calcareous
biostratigraphy, A3:9; A4:9; A5:8–9; A6:9; A7:11–12; A8:14–16; A9:12–13; A10:10–12; A11:10; A12:11; A13:10; B1:11
distribution, A3:47; A4:66–67; A5:54–55; A6:58; A7:65–67; A8:87–89; A9:88–89; A10:81–83; A11:70–71; A12:85–86; A13:66–67
Pleistocene biostratigraphy, B1:5; B5:1–10
vs. depth, A6:39
Nazca plate, tectonics, A1:6–7
Nazca Ridge
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:17–18
site description, A7:1–74; A8:1–107
Neogene
astronomically calibrated chronostratigraphy, B4:1–69
biomarkers, B1:3–4
biostratigraphy, A7:11–15; A8:14–20; A9:12–17; A13:10–12
climate change, A1:26–30
paleoceanography, B1:3–4
tectonics, A1:7
uplifts, B1:16
nitrate, sea-surface, vs. age, A1:97–101
nitrogen, organic, conversion to ammonium, B9:6–8
nitrogen, total
data, A3:53–54
sediments, A3:13–14; A4:15–16, 73–74; A5:15, 62–63; A6:16, 65–67; A8:24–25, 103–105; A9:20, 98–100; A10:19, 90–92; A11:16, 79–80; A12:16, 99–100; A13:15, 72–73; B9:4
vs. depth, A4:49; A5:43; A6:48; A9:64; A10:59; A11:54; A12:64; A13:52; B9:16
vs. total organic carbon, A1:103; A5:15, 44; A6:49; A10:60; A11:55
nitrogen isotopes
denitrification, B1:10
diagenesis, B9:1–22
organic matter, B1:8
Pleistocene, B1:9–10
vs. depth, B9:17
vs. depth for measured and adjusted profiles, B9:18
nodules, authigenic carbonate
diagenesis, A9:11
lithologic units, A6:6–9
photograph, A6:31
Nonionella spp., vs. depth, A5:36; A6:40
nontronite, X-ray diffraction data, A11:45
North Equatorial Countercurrent, paleodrift, B12:3–5
North Pacific Intermediate Water, oceanography, A1:5–6; B1:43
Northern Hemisphere glaciation, intensification, B13:11–13
Nunivak Subchron, sediments, A8:21
nutrients
geochemistry, B8:7–9
oxygen isotopes, B12:14
regeneration, A1:22–23

O

obliquity
age models, B4:8–12
carbon isotopes, B1:46
oxygen isotopes, B1:7, 46
Pliocene, B13:11–13
vs. age, B4:24–25, 27
ocean circulation, millennial-scale climate change, A1:34; B1:53–54
ocean currents, Pacific Ocean SE, A1:75
oceanography, Pacific Ocean SE, A1:4–6; A9:31; A10:30; A11:25; A12:26; A13:23
odd/even carbon number preference index
sediments, B7:3–4
vs. depth, B7:9
Olduvai/Matuyama boundary, sediments, A11:14
Olduvai Subchron, sediments, A7:16; A11:14
Oligocene
biostratigraphy, A7:11–15
lithologic units, A7:7–9
Oligocene, lower/upper boundary, biostratigraphy, A7:12
Oligocene, upper
biostratigraphy, A8:16
lithologic units, A8:10–11
magnetostratigraphy, B3:1–15
See also late Oligocene climate optimum
Oligocene/Miocene boundary, biostratigraphy, A8:16
Oligocene–Pleistocene sequence, deposition, A8:56
ooze, calcareous pelagic, lithologic units, A7:6–7
ooze, clay-bearing nannofossil, lithologic units, A12:8–10
ooze, clayey, lithologic units, A8:7–9
ooze, clayey foraminifer–nannofossil, lithologic units, A12:7
ooze, clayey nannofossil, lithologic units, A8:7–9; A13:6–7
ooze, diatom, lithologic units, A9:8–11
ooze, diatom-bearing nannofossil, lithologic units, A11:5–10; A12:8–10; A13:7–8
ooze, diatom nannofossil, lithologic units, A9:8–11; A11:8–10
ooze, laminated diatom, photograph, A12:54
ooze, nannofossil, lithologic units, A7:6–7; A8:9–11; A9:8–11; A10:6–10; A11:5–10; A12:8–10
ooze, nannofossil-bearing diatom, lithologic units, A11:7–10
opal, biogenic
dissolution, A4:15; A8:22–23; A10:17
pore water, A6:14
X-ray diffraction data, A9:54
opaques, vs. depth, A3:25; A4:32; A6:30
orbital forcing, climate change, B1:19–24
organic matter
anaerobic diagenesis, B9:5–6
decomposition, A4:14; A6:14
diagenesis, A4:14; A5:12; A6:14; A7:17; A8:23; A9:18; A10:17; A11:15; A12:15
isotopes, B9:5
nitrogen isotopes, B1:8
oxidation, A1:22–23
organic matter, sedimentary, dilution, A1:23–24
oxidation, organic matter, A1:22–23; A5:12; A7:17; A8:23; A9:18; A10:17; A11:15; A12:15
oxygen
contours, A1:114
proxies, B10:3
vs. uranium/molybdenum ratio, B10:5
oxygen isotopes
age models, B4:8–17
Cenozoic, B3:10
comparison of Sites 851 and 1241, B12:45
foraminifers, B12:5–13
Globorotalia menardii and Globorotalia limbata, B12:47
millennial-scale variations, A1:116
obliquity, B1:7
paleoclimatology, B3:1–15
planktonic foraminifers, B1:4
Pliocene, B1:5
Pliocene mixed-layer oceanography, B13:1–27
Pliocene–Pleistocene foraminifers, B11:1–19
seawater and rainwater, B1:4
spectral analysis, B13:24–25
vs. age, B3:14; B4:29; B12:38–40; B13:21–23
vs. carbon isotopes, B4:31–33
vs. depth, B11:6
See also marine oxygen isotope excursion Oi2b; marine oxygen isotope stages
oxygen minimum zones
biostratigraphy, A7:11–15
oceanography, A1:5–6

P

Pacific Central Water, oceanography, A1:114; B1:27, 43
Pacific Ocean equatorial
calcareous nannofossil Pleistocene biostratigraphy, B5:1–10
Leg 202 summary, A1:1–145
Pacific Ocean SE
Leg 202 summary, A1:1–145
oceanography, A1:4–6
paleoceanography, B1:1–56
paleomagnetism, A(Appendix):1–10
Pliocene stratification, B12:1–51
tectonics, A1:6–7
See also eastern equatorial Pacific cold tongue
Pacific plate, tectonics, A1:7
packstone, lithologic units, A7:7–10
packstone, unlithified, photograph, A7:48
paleoceanography
biostratigraphy, A5:8–10
millennial-scale climate change, A1:32–40
Pacific Ocean SE, B1:1–56
paleodrift, B12:3–5
Pliocene mixed-layer oceanography, B13:1–27
upper Oligocene, B3:5–6
paleoclimatology
biostratigraphy, A7:14
deposition, A8:13–14
plate tectonics, B1:13–19
Pliocene, B1:10; B12:1–51; B13:1–27
Pliocene–Pleistocene sequence, B11:3
proxies, B10:3
Quaternary, B1:6
tectonics, A1:26–32
upper Cenozoic, B1:48
upper Oligocene, B3:1–15
See also eastern equatorial Pacific cold tongue; late Oligocene climate optimum; mid-Pliocene warmth
paleoclimatology, orbital-scale
climate change, B1:19–24
Neogene, A1:32–33
paleodrift, paleoceanography, B12:3–5
paleoenvironment, deposition, A8:13–14
paleointensity, relative estimates, A4:12–13
paleomagnetic age, magnetic polarity, A7:70; A8:100; A11:76
paleomagnetic field, directional variability, A4:11–12
paleomagnetic secular variations
directional variability, A6:12
paleomagnetism, B1:8
rock magnetism, B14:9–10
time series, B2:22
upper Quaternary, B2:1–22
vs. depth, A1:86–87; A4:12; B2:11–19
vs. magnetic declination, A1:88–89
paleomagnetism
centennial-scale variations, B14:9–10
late Pleistocene–Holocene sequence, B1:8
millennial-scale variations, B14:9–10
Pacific Ocean SE, A(Appendix):1–10
Site 1232, A3:11–12
Site 1233, A4:11–13; B2:1–22; B14:1–30
Site 1234, A5:10–12; B2:1–22
Site 1235, A6:11–12
Site 1236, A7:15–16
Site 1237, A8:20–22
Site 1238, A9:17
Site 1239, A10:15–16
Site 1240, A11:13–14
Site 1241, A12:13–14
Site 1242, A13:12–13
paleosalinity, Termination 1, B1:26
paleothermometry
magnesium/calcium ratio, B13:4–5
middle Pliocene, B1:5
Panama Basin
basement fluid flow, A1:25
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:20–21
oceanography, A1:4–6
site description, A11:1–82
Panama Isthmus
closure, A1:30–32
deposition, A13:8–9
millennial-scale freshwater transport, B1:4
Patagonian ice sheet, sea-surface temperature, B1:7
pelagic environment, lithologic units, A7:9–10
pelagic sediments, deposition, A13:8–9
pentane
headspace gases, A10:88
sediments, A10:16
See also i-pentane
Peru-Chile Countercurrent, oceanography, A1:113
Peru-Chile Current, oceanography, A1:4–6, 113
Peru-Chile Trench
site description, A5:1–64; A6:1–68
tectonics, A1:6–7
Peru Current, oceanography, A1:4–6
phosphate
modern annual average, B12:35
pore water, A3:13; A4:14; A5:13; A6:14; A7:17; A8:23; A9:18; A10:17; A11:15; A12:15; A13:14; B8:1–19
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
phosphate, interstitial, vs. depth, A1:107
phosphate, sea-surface
site locations, A1:76–78; A7:27; A8:34; A9:33; A10:32; A11:28; A12:29; A13:25
vs. age, A1:97–101
phosphorus, authigenic, vs. depth, B8:12
phosphorus, particulates, B1:4
phosphorus, reactive, vs. depth, B8:16
phosphorus, reactive/excess barium ratio, vs. depth, B8:16
phosphorus/barium ratio, sediments, B8:9
phosphorus components, sediments, B8:18
physical properties
lithologic units, A11:7–10; A12:6–10
vs. depth, A13:44
plagioclase, X-ray diffraction data, A11:45
plate rotation, tectonics, A1:6–7
plate tectonics
Pacific Ocean SE, A1:80
paleoclimatology, B1:13–19
Pleistocene
biostratigraphy, A7:11–15; B1:5; B5:1–10
lithologic units, A7:6–7; A8:7–9; A9:7–11; A10:6–10; A11:6–8; A12:6–10; A13:6–7
nannofossil events, A10:11
nitrogen isotopes, B1:9–10
stratigraphy, A7:57
Pleistocene, lower, foraminifers, A11:11
Pleistocene, lower/upper boundary, foraminifers, A9:14; A10:12
Pleistocene, middle, diatoms, A9:16; A10:14; A11:12; A13:12
Pleistocene, upper
age models, A3:14
biostratigraphy, A5:8–10; A8:17
nannofossils, A12:11
Pleistocene/Holocene boundary, vs. depth, A4:29
Pleistocene–Holocene sequence, paleomagnetism, B1:8
Pliocene
biostratigraphy, A7:11–15
lithologic units, A7:6–7; A8:9–10; A9:7–11; A10:6–10; A12:6–10
mixed-layer oceanography, B13:1–27
nannofossil events, A9:12–13; A10:11
oxygen isotopes, B1:5
paleoclimatology, B1:10; B12:1–51
stratification, B12:1–51
stratigraphy, A7:57
Pliocene, lower, foraminifers, A9:15; A10:13
Pliocene, lower/upper boundary, biostratigraphy, A7:12
Pliocene, middle
paleothermometry, B1:5
See also mid-Pliocene warmth
Pliocene, upper
diatoms, A9:16; A10:14
lithologic units, A8:7–9; A11:7–10; A13:6–7
Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary
deposition, A10:8–10
foraminifers, A9:14; A10:13; A11:11
Pliocene–Pleistocene sequence
biostratigraphy, A8:18
foraminifer geochemistry, B11:1–19
foraminifers, A11:11–12
polar events, millennial-scale climate change, A1:33–37
pollen, Quaternary, B1:6
pore water
ammonium, B9:5
geochemistry, A3:12–13, 52; A4:72; A5:12–14, 61; A6:13–15, 64; A7:17–18, 71; A8:22–24, 102; A9:97; A10:89; A11:78; A12:98; A13:71
porosity
vs. depth, A3:27; A4:37; A5:33; A6:35; A9:51; A10:49; A11:39; A12:49; A13:44
vs. moisture and density bulk density, A9:51; A10:49; A11:39; A12:49; A13:44
porosity logs
vs. depth, A9:68; A12:67
See also limestone porosity logs
potassium
pore water, A4:15; A5:14; A6:15; A7:18; A8:24; A9:19; A10:19; A11:16; A12:16; A13:14–15
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
potassium logs, vs. depth, A9:69; A10:67; A12:69
precession
age models, B4:8–12
paleoclimatology, A1:32–33
vs. age, B4:24, 27
preferred habitat of planktonic foraminifers, vs. water depth, B12:36
preservation, foraminifers, A1:111
productivity
deposition, A10:8–10; A11:9–10
geochemistry, B8:7–9
lithologic units, A6:8–9; A7:10; A9:9–11
productivity, primary
paleoproxies, B1:4
vs. age, A1:97–101; A7:27; A8:34; A9:33; A10:32; A11:28; A12:29; A13:25
propane
headspace and Vacutainer gases, A5:60
headspace gases, A10:88; A13:70
sediments, A10:16
provenance, sediments, A3:8–9
proxies
age models, B4:8–12, 24–31
comparison, B1:55–56
geochemistry, B8:7
Pliocene, B13:11–13
sediments, B10:3
pumice, lithologic units, A12:8
pycnocline depth, vs. age, A1:97–101; A7:27; A8:34; A9:33; A10:32; A11:28; A12:29; A13:25
pyrite
diagenesis, A9:11
lithologic units, A5:8; A8:7–11; A9:8–11
vs. depth, A4:32; A5:29; A8:45; A13:37
pyrite, authigenic, lithologic units, A10:7–10; A13:6–9
pyroxene
lithologic units, A3:6–9; A6:6–9
vs. depth, A3:25; A4:32; A6:30

Q

quartz
lithologic units, A3:7; A5:5–8; A6:6–9; A11:7–10; A13:6–9
surface sediments, A1:108; B1:51
X-ray diffraction data, A9:54
quartz/feldspar ratio, lithologic units, A5:5–6
quartz/(quartz + feldspar) ratio, vs. depth, A3:25; A4:32; A5:29; A6:30
Quaternary
biostratigraphy, A7:11–15
geomagnetic field, A1:13–14
paleoclimatology, B1:6
pollen, B1:6
radiolarians, B1:9
Quaternary, upper
biostratigraphy, A3:9–11; A4:9–10; A6:9–11
lithologic units, A3:6–9; A4:6–8; A5:5–8; A6:6–9
paleomagnetism, B2:1–22

R

radiolarian datums, Miocene–Pliocene sequence, B6:5–9
radiolarians
biostratigraphy, B1:11; B6:1–29
lithologic units, A9:8–11; A11:8–10; A12:6–10; A13:6–9
Quaternary, B1:9
vs. depth, A9:46; A11:38; A12:48; A13:38
zonation, B6:5–9
recrystallization, calcite, A12:16
red algae, photomicrograph, A7:47
redox
sediments, B8:7
threshold, B1:4
reduction, organic matter, A8:23
reference sections, A1:14–16
reflectance
deposition, A8:12–13
spliced records, A3:21; A4:5, 27; A5:26; A7:33–37; A8:36, 58; A9:42; A10:42; A11:35; A12:45
vs. depth, A6:29; A13:42
See also chromaticity
reflectance spectra, first derivative, A6:38; A9:53; A10:51; A11:40; A12:51
reflectance spectroscopy, lithostratigraphy, A1:11–12
remanent magnetization, anhysteretic, U-channel paleomagnetic studies, B14:14, 19, 24
remanent magnetization, natural
sediments, A3:11, 31–34; A4:11, 39–41; A5:10–12; A6:11–12; A7:15–16; A8:20–22; A9:17; A10:15–16; A11:13–14; A12:13–14; A13:12–13
vs. depth, A5:37–40; A6:41–45; A7:52–54; A8:60–65; A9:58–61; A10:53–56; A11:48–51; A12:58–61; A13:47–49
resistivity logs
vs. density logs, A12:70
vs. depth, A12:70
vs. microconductivity logs, A12:72
See also medium resistivity logs; spherically focused resistivity logs
reworking
nannofossil datums, A11:10
nannofossils, A9:12–13; A10:10
radiolarians, B6:4
Rock-Eval pyrolysis data, sediments, A5:64; A6:68; A8:106; A11:81
rock magnetism
centennial-scale variations, B14:9–10
correlation, B14:15, 20, 25
millennial-scale variations, B14:9–10
sediments, B14:1–30
rudstone
lithologic units, A7:7–10
photograph, A7:46
photomicrograph, A7:47
rutile, vs. depth, A3:25

S

salinity
contours, A1:113
modern annual average, B12:35
paleoclimatology, B12:11
pore water, A3:12–13; A5:12
seawater and rainwater, B1:4
vs. water depth, B12:36
water column, B12:19–21
See also paleosalinity
salinity, sea-surface, site locations, A1:76–78
sand, silty, lithologic units, A3:6–9
sand, vs. depth, A8:45
sand record, insolation, B4:28
scoria grains, lithologic units, A12:8
sediment/basalt interface, sulfate, A11:15
sediment/water interface, pore water, A3:12–13; A5:4; A9:5; A10:5
sediment thickness, vs. depth, A1:118
sedimentation, paleoclimatology, A1:32–33
sedimentation rates
age models, B4:8–12
lithologic units, A5:7–8
vs. age, B4:24, 27
sedimentation rates, linear
age vs. depth models, A4:17, 53, 76; A8:26, 107; A9:23–24, 75, 101; A10:22–23, 68, 93; A11:17–18, 57, 82; A12:19–20, 73, 101; A13:15–16, 53, 74
total mass accumulation rates, A1:93
vs. age, A7:20, 57, 74
sediments
biogeochemistry, B9:4
nitrogen isotopes, B9:1–22
photograph, A4:30; A7:42–43, 46, 48–49; A11:45
provenance, A3:8–9
X-ray diffraction data, A11:45
sediments, brown, reflectance spectra, A6:38
sediments, green
photograph, A5:30
reflectance spectra, A6:38
sediments, nonpelagic grain-rich, photograph, A7:42
seismic profiles
analog 3.5-kHz profile, A1:120; A4:21
digital Parasound profile, A1:119; A4:20
Site 1232, A1:117; A3:17
Site 1234, A1:123; A5:19
Site 1235, A1:125; A6:21
Site 1236, A1:127; A7:25
Site 1237, A1:129; A8:31
Site 1238, A1:131; A9:29
Site 1239, A1:133; A10:28
Site 1240, A1:136; A11:24
Site 1241, A1:138; A12:25
Site 1242, A1:140; A13:22
seismic zones, heat flow, B1:5
shear wave velocity logs, vs. depth, A12:67
shell fragments, lithologic units, A5:5–8
Sidufjall Subchron, sediments, A8:21; B4:14–15
silica
pore water, A3:13; A4:15; A5:13; A6:14; A7:18; A8:23; A9:19; A10:17–18; A11:15; A12:15–16; A13:14
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
silica, biogenic, vs. depth, A6:30
silicate, sea-surface, vs. age, A1:97–101
siliceous microfossils
lithologic units, A7:8–10
vs. depth, A7:41; A8:45
siliciclastics
deposition, A8:13–14
lithologic units, A4:6–8; A6:6–9; A7:6–10; A9:7–11; A10:6–10; A11:6–10; A13:6–9
sedimentary organic matter, A1:23–24
vs. depth, A4:32; A5:29; A6:30; A7:41; A8:45; A9:46; A10:46; A11:38; A12:48; A13:37
siliciclastics, nonclay, vs. depth, A13:37
silicoflagellates
lithologic units, A9:8–11; A13:6–9
vs. depth, A4:33; A9:46; A10:46; A11:38; A12:48; A13:38
silt
lithologic units, A6:6–9
vs. depth, A8:45
silt, sandy, lithologic units, A3:6–9
silt/(silt + clay) ratio, vs. depth, A3:25; A4:32; A6:30
Site 851, carbon and oxygen isotopes, B12:45–46
Site 1232, A3:1–54
age models, A3:14
biostratigraphy, A3:9–11
composite depths, A3:38
composite section, A3:4–5
geochemistry, A3:12–14
introduction, A3:1–2
lithostratigraphy, A3:5–9
location, A3:16
magnetic susceptibility, A3:40–41
mass accumulation rates, A3:14
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:16–17
operations, A3:2–4
operations summary, A3:37
paleomagnetism, A3:11–12
seismic profiles, A3:17
site description, A3:1–54
site summary, A1:40–42
splice tie points, A3:39
Site 1233, A4:1–76
age control points, A4:75
age models, A4:16–17
biostratigraphy, A4:9–10
composite section, A4:4–5
geochemistry, A4:13–16
introduction, A4:1–2
lithostratigraphy, A4:5–8
location, A4:22
major and trace elements, B10:1–9
mass accumulation rates, A4:16–17
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:16–17
operations, A4:2–4
operations summary, A4:54
paleomagnetism, A4:11–13; B2:1–22; B14:1–30
primary composite depth scale, A4:55
primary splice tie points, A4:56
secondary composite depth scale, A4:57
secondary splice tie points, A4:58
site description, A4:1–76
site summary, A1:42–44
Site 1234, A5:1–64
age models, A5:15
biostratigraphy, A5:8–10
composite depth scale, A5:47
composite section, A5:4–5
geochemistry, A5:12–15
introduction, A5:1–2
lithostratigraphy, A5:5–8
location, A5:20
major and trace elements, B10:1–9
mass accumulation rates, A5:15
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:16–17
nitrogen isotopes and diagenesis, B9:1–22
operations, A5:2–3
operations summary, A5:46
paleomagnetism, A5:10–12; B2:1–22
site description, A5:1–64
site summary, A1:44–46
splice tie points, A5:48
Site 1235, A6:1–68
age models, A6:16–17
biostratigraphy, A6:9–11
composite depth scale, A6:52
composite section, A6:4–5
geochemistry, A6:13–16
introduction, A6:1–2
lithostratigraphy, A6:5–9
location, A6:22
mass accumulation rates, A6:16–17
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:16–17
nitrogen isotopes and diagenesis, B9:1–22
operations, A6:2–4
operations summary, A6:51
paleomagnetism, A6:11–12
site description, A6:1–68
site summary, A1:46–48
splice tie points, A6:56
Site 1236, A7:1–74
age models, A7:19–20; B4:38
biostratigraphy, A7:11–15
composite depth scale, A7:59
composite section, A7:4–5
geochemistry, A7:17–19
introduction, A7:1–3
isotope studies, A7:19–20; B4:38
lithostratigraphy, A7:5–10
location, A7:23
mass accumulation rates, A7:19–20
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:17–18
operations, A7:3–4
operations summary, A7:58
orbitally derived age models, B4:1–69
paleomagnetism, A7:15–16
site description, A7:1–74
site summary, A1:48–51
splice tie points, A7:60
Site 1237, A8:1–107
age models, A8:25–26
bathymetry, A8:29–30
biostratigraphy, A8:14–20
composite depth scale, A8:75–76
composite section, A8:5–6
geochemistry, A8:22–25; B8:1–19
introduction, A8:1–3
isotope studies, B4:49–54
lithostratigraphy, A8:6–14
location, A8:29
mass accumulation rates, A8:25–26
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:17–18
operations, A8:3–4
operations summary, A8:73–74
orbitally derived age models, B4:8–10
organic carbon and biomarkers, B7:1–14
paleomagnetism, A8:20–22
Pliocene–Pleistocene foraminifer geochemistry, B11:1–19
radiolarian biostratigraphy, B6:1–29
reference sections, A1:14–15
site description, A8:1–107
site summary, A1:51–56
splice tie points, A8:77
upper Oligocene magnetostratigraphy, B3:1–15
Site 1238, A9:1–101
age models, A9:23–24
bathymetry, A9:27–28
biostratigraphy, A9:12–17
comparison of core gamma rays and downhole, A1:82
composite depth scale, A9:78–79
composite section, A9:5–6
downhole measurements, A9:21–23
geochemistry, A9:17–21
introduction, A9:1–3
lithostratigraphy, A9:6–11
location, A9:27
mass accumulation rates, A9:23–24
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:19–20
operations, A9:3–5
operations summary, A9:75–76
paleomagnetism, A9:17
site description, A9:1–101
splice tie points, A9:80
Site 1239, A10:1–93
age models, A10:22–23
bathymetry, A10:27
biostratigraphy, A10:10–15
comparison of core and downhole gamma ray attenuation density, A1:83
composite depth scale, A10:71–72
composite section, A10:5–6
downhole measurements, A10:20–22
geochemistry, A10:16–20
introduction, A10:1–3
isotope studies, B4:55–60
lithostratigraphy, A10:6–10
location, A10:26
mass accumulation rates, A10:22–23
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:19–20
operations, A10:3–5
operations summary, A10:69–70
orbitally derived age models, B4:1–69
organic carbon and biomarkers, B7:1–14
paleomagnetism, A10:15–16
site description, A10:1–93
site summary, A1:56–58
splice tie points, A10:73
Site 1240, A11:1–82
age models, A11:17–18
apparent depth offsets of sequential cores vs. time, A1:84
basement fluid flow, A1:25
bathymetry, A11:23
biostratigraphy, A11:10–13
composite depth scale, A11:60–61
composite section, A11:4–5
geochemistry, A11:14–17
introduction, A11:1–2
lithostratigraphy, A11:5–10
location, A11:22
mass accumulation rates, A11:17–18
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:20–21
operations, A11:3–4
operations summary, A11:58–59
paleomagnetism, A11:13–14
site description, A11:1–82
site summary, A1:59–60
splice tie points, A11:62
Site 1241, A12:1–101
age models, A12:18–19
bathymetry, A12:23
biostratigraphy, A12:10–13
composite depth scale, A12:76–77
composite section, A12:4–5
downhole measurements, A12:17–18
geochemistry, A12:15–17
introduction, A12:1–3
isotope studies, B4:61–69
lithostratigraphy, A12:5–10
location, A12:22
mass accumulation rates, A12:18–19
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:20–21
operations, A12:3–4
operations summary, A12:74–75
orbitally derived age models, B4:10–12
paleomagnetism, A12:13–14
Pliocene mixed-layer oceanography, B13:1–27
Pliocene stratification, B12:1–51
reference sections, A1:15–16
site description, A12:1–101
site summary, A1:60–63
splice tie points, A12:78
Site 1242, A13:1–74
age models, A13:15–16
bathymetry, A13:20
biostratigraphy, A13:9–12
composite depth scale, A13:56–57
composite section, A13:4–5
geochemistry, A13:13–15
introduction, A13:1–2
lithostratigraphy, A13:5–9
location, A13:19
mass accumulation rates, A13:15–16
mass accumulation rates and age models, A1:20–21
operations, A13:2–4
operations summary, A13:54–55
paleomagnetism, A13:12–13
site description, A13:1–74
site summary, A1:64–65
splice tie points, A13:58
Sites 1232–1242
location, A1:73
site locations on sea-surface temperature, phosphate, and salinity, A1:76–78
stratigraphic column summary, A1:74
smear slide data, vs. depth, A3:25
smectite, X-ray diffraction data, A11:45
sodium, pore water, A4:14; A5:12; A6:13; A7:17; A8:23; A9:18; A10:17; A11:14–15; A12:15; A13:13
sonic velocity logs, vs. depth, A10:63; A12:67
South Equatorial Current
oceanography, A1:4–6
paleodrift, B12:3–5
South Pacific Intermediate Water, oceanography, B1:27
spherically focused resistivity logs
vs. depth, A9:68; A10:63; A12:67
vs. Formation MicroScanner imaging logs, A12:72
splice tie points
Site 1232, A3:39
Site 1233, A4:4–5
Site 1234, A5:48
Site 1235, A6:56
Site 1236, A7:4, 60
Site 1237, A8:77
Site 1238, A9:80
Site 1239, A10:73
Site 1240, A11:62
Site 1241, A12:78
Site 1242, A13:58
spliced records, vs. depth, A3:22; A5:4
sponge spicules
lithologic units, A6:6; A12:6–10
photograph, A13:39
vs. depth, A10:46; A11:38; A12:48; A13:38
stable isotopes
benthic foraminifers, B4:1–69
foraminifers, B1:11, 19–24
Pliocene–Pleistocene foraminifers, B11:1–19
upper Oligocene, B1:5
See also carbon isotopes; oxygen isotopes
Stage 1 high-resolution paleomagnetic interval, sediments, B14:3–5, 13–17, 28
Stage 2 high-resolution paleomagnetic interval, sediments, B14:5–7, 18–22, 29
Stage 3 high-resolution paleomagnetic interval, sediments, B14:7–9, 23–27, 30
stratification, Pliocene, B12:1–51
stratigraphy
age models, B4:15–17
correlation, A1:9–11, 115; B1:11–13, 44–45
marine oxygen isotope stages, B1:11–13
strontium
pore water, A5:14; A6:15; A7:18; A8:24; A9:19; A10:18–19; A11:16; A12:16; A13:14
vs. depth, A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A10:58; A11:53; A12:63; A13:51
strontium/calcium ratio
Pliocene–Pleistocene foraminifers, B11:1–19
vs. depth, B11:7
Subantarctic Zone, oceanography, B1:27
subsurface waters, carbon isotopes, B12:21–22
sulfate
pore water, A3:13; A4:14; A5:12; A6:14; A9:18; A10:58; A11:15; A12:15; A13:13–14
sediment/basalt interface, A11:15
vs. depth, A1:102; A3:36; A4:48; A5:42; A6:47; A7:55; A8:67; A9:63; A11:53; A13:51
sulfate, interstitial, vs. depth, A1:107
sulfate reduction
organic matter, A1:22–23
organic matter decomposition, A5:13
pore water, A9:18
vs. depth, A1:102
sulfides
photograph, A4:31; A8:52
See also monosulfides
sulfur, total
data, A4:15
sediments, A5:14, 62–63; A6:65–67; A9:20, 98–100
vs. depth, A5:43
sulfur, vs. total organic carbon, A5:15, 45; A6:16, 50; A8:70; A11:56
surface currents, map, B12:34

T

tectonics
backtracking relative to South America, A7:26; A8:32; A9:29; A10:29; A12:24; A13:21; B1:49
Pacific Ocean SE, A1:6–7; B1:13–19
paleoclimatology, A1:26–32
temperature
magnesium/calcium ratio, B12:15–19
modern annual average, B12:35
Neogene, B1:3–4
paleoclimatology, B12:1–51
Pliocene, B13:1–27
vs. age, B1:50, 52
vs. water depth, B12:36
temperature, alkenone-based
sediments, B7:4, 12–14
vs. depth, B7:10, 11
temperature, sea-surface
paleoproxies, B1:4, 24–29, 50
site locations, A1:76–78, 113; A7:27; A8:34; A9:33; A10:32; A11:28; A12:29; A13:25
vs. age, A1:97–101; B13:20, 24–25
temperature, vertical, oxygen isotopes, B12:12–13
Termination 1, paleosalinity, B1:26
thermal regime, continental slope, B1:5
thermal structure
gateway closures, B1:13–16
tropical East Pacific, B12:15–25
water column, B1:14
thermocline
paleodrift, B12:3–5
Pliocene, B13:11–13
shoaling, B12:17
thermohaline circulation, millennial-scale freshwater transport, B1:4
thorium logs, vs. depth, A9:69; A10:67; A12:69
Thvera Subchron, sediments, A8:21
time-depth plots, geomagnetic Excursion 3, B2:21
titanite, vs. depth, A3:25
titanium
sediments, B8:5–6
vs. aluminum, B8:13
trace elements
sediments, B10:1–9
terrigenous input, B1:8–9
trace fossils, photograph, A8:50
trace metals, sediments, B8:18; B10:1–9
tropical events, millennial-scale climate change, A1:33–37
turbidites, lithologic units, A3:8–9; A4:8

U

U-channel paleomagnetic studies
deconvolution, B14:9, 28–30
sediments, B2:6–7
unconformities, foraminifers, A13:10–12
upper ocean signatures, isotopes, B12:22–24
upwelling
biostratigraphy, A6:10
foraminifers, A9:14
nannofossils, A9:13
radiolarians, B6:4
temperature, B1:18
uranium
particulates, B1:4
sediments, A9:20; B8:1–19
vs. depth, B8:14
uranium/molybdenum ratio
sediments, B10:3
terrigenous input, B1:9
vs. depth, B10:6
vs. oxygen, B10:5
uranium logs
vs. depth, A9:69; A10:67; A12:69
vs. total organic carbon, A9:74
Uvigerina spp., vs. depth, A5:36; A6:40

V

Valdivia Fracture Zone, site description, A3:1
vegetation, thermophilous, Holocene, B1:6
velocity logs. See compressional wave velocity logs; shear wave velocity logs; sonic velocity logs
voids, lithologic units, A6:8–9
volcanic ash
frequency, vs. age, A1:110
layers, A4:65; A5:53; A8:83–84; A9:85; A10:78; A11:68; A12:83–84; A13:64
lithologic units, A4:8; A5:6–8; A6:7–9; A7:7–10; A8:7–11; A9:7–11; A10:8–10; A11:8–10; A13:7–9
photograph, A4:34; A6:34; A7:43; A8:48; A10:48; A11:43; A13:41
radiolarians, B6:4–5, 26–28
vs. age, A11:46
vs. depth, A4:32; A8:47
volcanic ash, white, photograph, A5:31
volcanic ash Layer L, photograph, A9:50
volcanic glass
lithologic units, A4:7–8; A5:6–8; A7:7–10; A12:6–10
vs. depth, A6:30; A7:41; A8:45; A11:38; A12:48; A13:37
X-ray diffraction data, A11:45
See also glass shards
volcanic islands, lithologic units, A7:9–10
volcaniclastics
lithologic units, A12:9
vs. depth, A12:55–56
volcanism, deposition, A8:11–12; A11:9–10

W

wackestone
lithologic units, A7:7–10
photograph, A7:46
Walker circulation, ocean circulation, B12:18
water content
vs. bulk density, A3:28
vs. depth, A3:27; A4:37; A5:32–33; A6:36
water masses, paleodrift, B1:43; B12:3–5
water masses, subsurface, cross section, A1:79; A3:18; A4:23; A5:22; A6:23; A7:28; A8:35; A9:34; A10:33; A11:27; A12:28; A13:26; B3:11
well-log Unit 1, sediments, A9:21–22
well-log Unit 2, sediments, A9:22
well-log Unit 3, sediments, A9:22
well-log units, sediments, A9:21–22
well-logging
equivalent depth, A1:10–11
tools, A9:66; A10:61; A12:65

X

X-ray diffraction data
authigenic carbonate nodules, A6:31
chalk, A9:54
green color banding, A8:53
sediments, A11:45

Z

zircon, vs. depth, A3:25
zonation, radiolarians, B6:5–9
Zoophycos
lithologic units, A7:9; A8:7–9; A9:8–11; A11:6–10; A12:6–10
photograph, A10:47; A11:41

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