REFERENCES

Broecker, W.S., and Peng, T.-H., 1982. Tracers in the Sea: Palisades, NY (Eldigio Press).

Cooper, L.W., Beasley, T.M., Zhao, X.-L., Soto, C., Vinogradova, K.L., and Dunton, K.H., 1998. Iodine-129 and plutonium isotopes in arctic kelp as historical indicators of transport of nuclear fuel-reprocessing wastes from mid-to-high latitudes in the Atlantic Ocean. Mar. Biol., 131:391–399.

Egeberg, P.K., and Dickens, G.R., 1999. Thermodynamic and pore water halogen constraints on gas hydrate distribution at ODP Site 997 (Blake Ridge). Chem. Geol., 153:53–79.

Fabryka-Martin, J., Bentley, H., Elmore, D., and Airey, P.L., 1985. Natural iodine-129 as an environmental tracer. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 49:337–347.

Faure, G., and Mensing, T.M., 2005. Isotopes: Principles and Applications: New Jersey (John Wiley & Sons).

Fehn, U., Holdren, G.R., Elmore, D., Brunelle, T., Teng, R., and Kubik, P.W., 1986. Determination of natural and anthropogenic I-129 in marine sediments. Geophys. Res. Lett., 13:137–139.

Fehn, U., Peters, E.K., Tullai-Fitzpatrick, S., Kubik, P.W., Sharma, P., Teng, R.T.D., Gove, H.E., and Elmore, D., 1992. 129I and 36Cl concentrations in waters of the eastern Clear Lake area, California: residence times and source ages of hydrothermal fluids. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 56:2069–2079.

Fehn, U., Snyder, G., and Egeberg, P.K., 2000. Dating of pore waters with I-129: relevance for the origin of marine gas hydrates. Science, 289:2332–2335.

Fehn, U., Snyder, G.T., Matsumoto, R., Muramatsu, Y., and Tomaru, H., 2003. Iodine dating of pore waters associated with gas hydrates in the Nankai area, Japan. Geology, 31:521–524.

Fehn, U., Snyder, G.T., and Muramatsu, Y, in press. Iodine as a tracer of organic material: 129I results from gas hydrate systems and fore arc fluids. J. Geochem. Explor.

Frape, S.K., Blyth, A., Blomqvist, R., McNutt, R.H., and Gascoyne, M., 2004. Deep fluids in the continents. II. Crystalline rocks. Treatise Geochem., 5:541–580.

Hesse R., 2003. Pore water anomalies of submarine gas-hydrate zones as tool to assess hydrate abundance and distribution in the subsurface—what have we learned in the past decade? Earth-Sci. Rev., 61:149–179.

Jarrard, R.D., 1986. Relations among subduction parameters. Rev. Geophys., 24:217–284.

Johnson, J.E., Goldfinger, C., and Suess, E., 2003. Geophysical constraints on the surface distribution of authigenic carbonates across the Hydrate Ridge region, Cascadia margin. Mar. Geol., 202:79–120.

Kastner, M., Elderfield, H., Jenkins, W.J., Gieskes, J.M., and Gamo, T., 1993. Geochemical and isotopic evidence for fluid flow in the western Nankai subduction zone, Japan. In Hill, I.A., Taira, A., Firth, J.V., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 131: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 397–413.

Linde, D. (Ed.), 2005. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.), 2004–2005: New York (CRC Press).

Martin, J.B., Gieskes, J.M., Torres, M., and Kastner, M., 1993. Bromide and iodine in Peru margin sediments and pore fluids: implication for fluid origins. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 57:4377–4389.

Moran, J.E., Fehn, U., and Hanor, J.S., 1995. Determination of source ages and migration of brines from the U.S. Gulf Coast Basin using 129I. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 59:5055–5069.

Moran, J.E., Fehn, U., and Teng, R.T.D., 1998. Variations in 129I/127I ratios in recent marine sediments: evidence for a fossil organic component. Chem. Geol., 152:193–203.

Moran, J.E., Oktay, S., and Santschi, P.H., 1999. Atmospheric dispersal of 129iodine from nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities. Environ. Sci. Tech., 33:2536–2542.

Muramatsu, Y., Fehn, U., and Yoshida, S., 2001. Recycling of iodine in fore-arc areas: evidence from the iodine brines of Chiba, Japan. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 192:583–593.

Muramatsu, Y., and Wedepohl, K.H., 1998. The distribution of iodine in the Earth's crust. Chem. Geol., 147:201–216.

Oktay, S.D., Santschi, P.H., Moran, J.E., and Sharma, P., 2000. The 129iodine bomb pulse recorded in Mississippi River delta sediments: results from isotopes of I, Pu, Cs, Pb, and C. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 64:989–996.

Oktay, S.D., Santschi, P.H., Moran, J.E., and Sharma, P., 2001. 129I and 127I transport in the Mississippi River. Environ. Sci. Technol., 35:4470–4476.

Parsons, T., Tréhu, A.M., Luetgert, J.H., Miller, K., Kilbride, F., Wells, R.E., Fisher, M.A., Flueh, E., Brink, U.T., and Christensen, N.I., 1998. A new view into the Cascadia subduction zone and volcanic arc: implications for earthquake hazards along the Washington margin. Geology, 26:199–202.

Person, M., Raffensperger, J.P., Ge, S., and Garven, G., 1996. Basin-scale hydrogeologic modeling. Rev. Geophys., 34:61–87.

Saffer, D.M., and Bekins, B.A., 1998. Episodic fluid flow in the Nankai accretionary complex: timescale, geochemistry, flow rates, and fluid budget. J. Geophys. Res., 103:30351–30371.

Saffer, D.M., and Bekins, B.A., 1999. Fluid budgets at convergent plate margins: implications for the extent and duration of fault-zone dilation. Geology, 27:1095–1098.

Santschi, P.H., and Schwehr, K.A., 2004. 129I/127I as a new environmental tracer or geochronometer for biogeochemical or hydrodynamic processes in the hydrosphere and geosphere: the central role of organo-iodine. Sci. Total Environ., 321:257–271.

Schink, D.R., Santschi, P.H., Corapcioglu, O., Sharma, P., and Fehn, U., 1995. 129I in Gulf of Mexico waters. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 135:131–138.

Schwehr, K.A., and Santschi, P.H., 2003. A sensitive determination of iodine species in fresh and sea water samples, including organo-iodine, using high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometric detection. Anal. Chim. Acta, 482:59–71.

Sharma, P., Bourgeois, M., Elmore, D., Granger, D., Lipschutz, M.E., Ma, X., Miller, T., Mueller, K., Rickey, G., Simms, P., and Vogt, S., 2000. PRIME Lab AMS performance, upgrades and research applications. Nucl. Instr. Meth., B172:112–123.

Snavely, P.D., and Wells, R.E., 1996. Cenozoic evolution of the continental margin of Oregon and Washington. In Rogers, A.M. (Ed.), Assessing Earthquake Hazards and Reducing Risk in the Pacific Northwest. U.S. Geol. Survey Prof. Pap., 1560:161–182.

Snavely, P.D., Jr., 1987. Tertiary geologic framework, neotectonics, and petroleum potential of the Oregon-Washington continental margin. In Scholl, D.W., Grantz, A., and Vedder, J.G. (Eds.), Geology and Resource Potential of the Continental Margin of Western North America and Adjacent Ocean Basins—Beaufort Sea to Baja California. Circum-Pac. Counc. Energy Miner. Resour., Earth Sci. Ser., 6:305–336.

Snyder, G., and Fehn, U., 2004. Global distribution of 129I in rivers and lakes: implications for iodine cycling in surface reservoirs. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B, 223/224:579–586.

Snyder, G.T., Riese, W.C., Franks, S., Fehn, U., Pelzmann, W.L., Gorody, A.W., and Moran, J.E., 2003. Origin and history of waters associated with coal-bed methane: 129I, 36Cl, and stable isotope results from the Fruitland formation, CO and NM. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 67:4529–4544.

Teichert, B.M.A., Eisenhauer, A., Bohrmann, G., Haase-Schramm, A., Bock, B., and Linke, P., 2003. U/Th systematics and ages of authigenic carbonates from Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia margin: recorders of fluid flow variations. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 67:3845–3857.

Teichert, B.M.A., Torres, M.E., and Bohrmann, G., in press. Fluid sources, major fluid pathways and diagenetic reactions across an accretionary prism revealed by Sr and B concentrations and isotopes. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.

Tomaru, H., Matsumoto, R., Lu, H.L., and Uchida, T., 2004. Geochemical process of gas hydrate formation in the Nankai Trough based on chloride and isotopic anomalies in interstitial water. Resour. Geol., 54:45–51.

Torres, M.E., Teichert, B.M.A., Tréhu, A.M., Borowski, W.S., and Tomaru, H., 2004. Relationship of pore water freshening to accretionary processes in the Cascadia margin: fluid sources and gas hydrate abundance. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31:L22305.

Tréhu, A.M., Torres, M.E., Moore, G.F., Suess, E., and Bohrmann, G., 1999. Temporal and spatial evolution of a gas-hydrate-bearing accretionary ridge on the Oregon continental margin. Geology, 27:939–942.

Tréhu, A.M., Bohrmann, G., Rack, F.R., Torres, M.E., et al., 2003. Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 204 [CD-ROM]. Available from: Ocean Drilling Program, Texas A&M University, College Station TX 77845-9547, USA. [HTML version]

Ussler, W., and Paull, C.K., 2001. Ion exclusion associated with marine gas hydrate deposits. In Paull, C.K., and Dillon, W.P. (Eds.), Natural Gas Hydrates: Occurrence, Distribution, and Detection (Vol. 124). Geophys. Monogr., 41–51.