This research used samples and/or data provided by the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP). ODP is sponsored by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and participating countries under management of Joint Oceanographic Institutions (JOI) Inc. This work was funded by JOI-U.S. Science Support Program (USSSP) Grants to E.A. Solomon and M. Kastner. Helpful reviews were provided by Julie Morris and Kristina Faul.