SUBJECT INDEX

1/strontium ratio, vs. strontium isotopes, B5:17

A

accretionary prisms, plate tectonics, A1:8–10

acoustic logging, dipole shear sonic tool, B13:15

acoustic waves, fracture density, B13:1–22

Actinobacteria, microbial divergence indexes, B8:9

advection

model parameters, B6:26

See also fluid advection

age, forearc wedges, B1:16

age vs. depth

middle Miocene, B4:16

sedimentation rates, B4:4–5

Site 1254, B14:21

age models, isotope stratigraphy, B4:4–5

alkali index, vs. aluminum oxide, A5:61

alkalinity

geochemical cycles, B6:9

pore water, A4:46; A6:16

vs. depth, B6:20, 23

alteration

gabbro, A4:32–33

gabbro sills, A4:27–28

igneous rocks, B1:12–13; B9:7

photograph, A4:80

photomicrograph, A1:57, 59; A4:90, 92, 108

tephra, A4:23

volcanic glass, A6:10

aluminum. See also titanium/aluminum ratio

aluminum/(aluminum + iron + manganese) ratio, vs. depth, B3:10

aluminum oxide

sediments, A4:23; A5:17

tephra, A4:25

vs. alkali index, A5:61

vs. depth, A4:82, 114; A5:58

See also calcium oxide/aluminum oxide ratio

Alvin submersible postcruise visit, CORK-II, A1:36–37; A2:11–13

ammonium

deformation, A5:33

geochemical cycles, B6:9; B7:12

pore water, A4:46; A5:31; A6:16; B1:28

vs. depth, A4:145; A5:85; B6:20; B7:28

vs. time, B1:54

anaerobic methane oxidation, geochemical cycles, B6:1–26

anoxic environment, diffusion, B6:10–11

anteiso branching pentadecanoic acid, gas chromatograms, B8:17

Archaea, sediments, B8:6–11

augite, gabbro sills, A4:27–28

authigenesis, sediments, A4:24; A6:10

B

bacteria

microbial divergence indexes, B8:9

sediments, A4:49–50; A6:20

barite

geochemical cycles, B6:26

sediments, B2:9–10; B3:4

barium

convergent margins, B2:1–22; B5:5–7

correlation of Sites 1040 and 1039, B2:18

décollement zone, A1:13; B2:7

pore water, A4:46–47; A5:31; A6:16; B1:18–19; B2:19

sediments, A4:24; A5:17; A6:10; B5:21

vs. cobalt, B3:13

vs. copper, B3:12

vs. depth, A1:52; A4:83, 114, 147; A5:60, 84; B1:51; B2:15–17; B5:15–16; B6:23

vs. zinc, B3:11

basalt, cryptocrystalline

contact with gabbro, A4:29–35

photograph, A1:59; A4:97–98

photomicrograph, A4:99

basalt, trace elements, B9:9–10

basement, oceanic

crust, A2:11

fluid flow, B6:9–11

fracture density, B13:1–22

bathymetry, maps, A1:42–44; B1:39; B7:25; B8:15; B10:7; B14:15

bedding, sediments, A4:35–36

bedding dip

sediments, A5:21

stereographic projection, A5:65, 67

vs. depth, A4:120; A5:65, 67

bedding planes, orientation, A4:122

beryllium-10, vs. depth, A1:48

bioenergetic divergence index

vs. depth, B8:21

vs. microbial divergence index, B8:22

biomarkers, sediments, B1:24; B8:6–11, 23

biosphere, sediments, B8:6–11

biostratigraphy, sedimentary wedges, B1:14–16

bioturbation, photograph, A4:75, 81

bivalves, photomicrograph, A5:55

blocks

photograph, A6:32

redeposition, A6:9

sedimentation, A5:15

borehole diameter

vs. depth, B13:17–20

waveforms, B13:6

boreholes, installation, A4:69

boron

pore water, A4:47

vs. depth, A4:147; A5:84

breccia

lithology, A4:21

quinones, B8:18

breccia, equidimensional, photograph, A5:68

brecciation

photograph, A5:54

plate tectonics, A1:10

sediments, A5:21–22

underthrusting, A6:11

vs. depth, A5:64

brittle shear, photograph, A1:69

bromide

pore fluids and sediments, B5:5–7

vs. depth, B5:10

See also fluoride/bromide ratio

bromide/chloride ratio

pore fluids and sediments, B5:6–7

vs. depth, B5:10

burrows, photograph, A6:34

C

calcarenite, plate tectonics, A1:10

calcite

alteration, A4:33

redeposition, A6:9

sediments, A4:22

tephra, A4:23

calcite cement, sparry, photomicrograph, A5:55

calcium

deformation, A5:33

geochemical cycles, B6:11

pore fluids and sediments, B5:6–7

pore water, A4:46–47; A5:30; A6:15

vs. depth, A1:50–51, 62; A4:70, 146; A5:45, 83; B1:43–44; B6:20, 22

vs. fluoride, B5:11

See also magnesium/calcium ratio

calcium carbonate

sediments, A4:180; A5:35

vs. depth, A4:149; A5:88

vs. titanium/aluminum ratio, B3:8

calcium oxide

sediments, A5:17

vs. depth, A4:83, 114; A5:60

calcium oxide/aluminum oxide ratio

gabbro, A4:34–35

vs. magnesium number, A4:116

vs. nickel, A4:117

caliper logs, vs. depth, A4:160, 164–167

carbon

fluid mobility tracers, B7:11–12

microbial divergence indexes, B8:10

organic matter, A5:36

wedge sediments, B7:1–38

carbon, inorganic

permeability, B11:13

sediments, A4:180; A5:35, 111; A6:19, 54

sediments and igneous rocks, A4:48–49

carbon, organic

sediments, A6:19; B1:21–23

sediments and igneous rocks, A4:48–49

vs. depth, B6:21

carbon, pyrolizable, sediments, A5:112

carbon, total

permeability, B11:13

sediments, A4:180; A5:111; A6:54

carbon, total organic

effects of storage and pretreatment, B7:21–23, 37

permeability, B11:13

sediments, A4:180; A5:35–36, 111–112; A6:19, 54; B7:5–14, 34–35

vs. carbon isotopes, B7:31

vs. depth, A4:149; A5:88; B7:29

carbon, total organic/total nitrogen ratio

diagenesis, B7:6–8

sediment sources, B7:8–11

sediments, A4:180; A5:36, 111; A6:19, 54

vs. depth, B7:29

carbon-nitrogen evidence

diagenesis, B7:7–8

sediment sources, B7:8–11

carbon isotopes

seafloor sediments, B7:6–7

sediments, B7:5–14, 34–35

subducting pelagic sections, B4:1–18

vs. depth, B1:50; B4:9–14; B7:29–30

vs. nitrogen isotopes, B7:32

vs. total organic carbon, B7:31

carbon reservoirs, seafloor sediments, B7:6–7

carbonate compensation depth, lithology, A6:9

carbonate content

sediments, A5:111; B7:6

sediments and igneous rocks, A4:48–49

vs. depth, B7:30

carbonates

fractional porosity, B10:14

lithology, A6:9

microbial activity, B8:8

middle Miocene, B1:14–15

permeability, B11:13

photograph, A6:32

sedimentation, A5:15

carbonates, biogenic, titanium/aluminum ratio, B3:4

Caribbean plate, convergent margins, A1:7–8

Carnegie Ridge, plate tectonics, A1:6–7

cavity fillings, photomicrograph, A1:61

cementation, sediments, A5:18

Central America

seismogenic zones, A1:5–6

subduction zones, A1:1–3

cesium

pore fluids and sediments, B5:5–7, 21

vs. depth, B5:12, 14–15

chalk, nannofossil

lithology, A4:21; A6:9

photograph, A4:75, 77, 81, 121; A6:33

photomicrograph, A4:78; A6:29

chemical composition, sediments, A4:172

chilled margins, photograph, A4:97–98

chloride

pore water, A4:46; A5:28–29; A6:14–15; B1:28

vs. depth, A4:144; A5:82

See also bromide/chloride ratio; sodium/chloride ratio

chlorite

alteration, A4:32

gabbro sills, A4:28

See also kaolinite/chlorite ratio

Chondrites

lithology, A4:21

photograph, A4:75

chromium

gabbro, A4:34

microbial activity, B8:7–8

vs. depth, A4:114

vs. zirconium, A4:118

Chron C5Bn.2n, sediments, A4:42

Chron C5Cn, sediments, A4:42

Chron C5Cn.1n, sediments, A4:42

chrons, gabbro, A4:43

chrons, normal, igneous units, A4:176

clasts, lithology, A4:21

clay mineralogy, sediments, A5:19

clay minerals, smear slides, A5:14

clays

alteration, A4:32–33

gabbro, A4:29

gabbro sills, A4:27–28

parallel laminations, A4:20

photograph, A1:59; A4:77, 87–88, 93–94, 97–98, 100–104; A6:27

photomicrograph, A1:57; A4:78, 92, 110

vs. depth, A4:79; A5:53; A6:28

X-ray diffraction data, A5:102–103

clays, detrital, titanium/aluminum ratio, B3:4

claystone

photograph, A1:67; A4:80; A5:46, 50, 62; A6:30, 33

photomicrograph, A4:78; A6:29

redeposition, A6:9

claystone, calcite-rich, photograph, A4:76

claystone, redeposited diatom-rich, photomicrograph, A6:29

claystone, silty, photomicrograph, A5:51

clinopyroxene

gabbro sills, A4:27–28

photomicrograph, A1:58–59; A4:89–90, 99, 106, 109, 113

titanium oxide vs. vanadium, B9:25

cobalt

sediments, B3:4

vs. barium, B3:13

cobbles

photograph, A5:54; A6:32, 34

photomicrograph, A5:55

sedimentation, A5:15

Cocos-Nazca spreading center

igneous complex, B9:20

plate tectonics, A1:6–7

Cocos plate

off-axis plume-ridge interaction, B9:1–38

plate tectonics, A1:6–9; B1:12

coenzymes, microbial activity, B8:7–8

cofactors, microbial activity, B8:7–8

color contrast, photograph, A6:30

compaction

hydrology, B6:3

vs. depth, A1:52

compressional wave velocity

fractures, B13:7

lithology, A4:39

vs. depth, A4:134; B13:17

vs. porosity, A4:134

compressional wave velocity logs, vs. depth, A4:164

concretions, carbonate, photograph, A5:62

concretions, sediments, A5:18

conductivity-temperature-depth, recorder profile, A4:153

conglomerate, redeposited, photograph, A6:31

consolidation

axial displacement, B10:18–24

subducting sediments, B10:1–24

consolidation system, photograph, B10:8

contamination

gabbro, A4:183

seawater, A4:181–182

sediments, A4:50–53

tracers, A5:36

convergent margins

geochemistry, B2:1–22

hydrology, A1:11–13; B6:3

hydrothermal alteration, B3:1–16

microbiology, B8:1–26

oceanic crust, A1:7–8

subduction flux, B1:1–54

subduction zones, A1:1–3

copper

microbial activity, B8:8

sediments, B3:4

vs. barium, B3:12

core recovery, vs. depth, A4:71–73, 105; B1:47; B9:22

CORK-II

Alvin submersible postcruise visit, A1:36–37

installation, A1:25–26, 36, 63, 72–74; A2:1–36; A4:11, 69; A6:4, 25

installation schematic, A1:53

monitoring, A2:1–36

corrensite, gabbro sills, A4:28

Costa Rica margin

calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy, B14:1–26

carbon and oxygen isotopes, B4:1–18

convergent margins, B2:1–22

CORK-II, A2:1–36

fracture density, B13:1–21

geology, A1:1–75

hydrothermal alteration, B3:1–16

igneous complex, B9:1–38

nitrogen flux, B7:12–13

operations, B1:8–9

permeability and consolidation, B10:1–24; B11:1–13

pore fluid geochemistry, B5:1–21

subduction flux, B1:1–54

subseafloor sediment habitability, B8:1–26

temperature, B12:1–20

Costa Rica subduction zone, hydrology, B6:1–26

cristobalite/quartz ratio, X-ray diffraction data, A5:18–19

crystal accumulation

igneous rocks, B9:7, 11–12

rare earths, B9:32

cultivation, bacteria, A4:52

D

Davis-Villinger probe, pressure-temperature conditions, A4:55–57; A5:37–39; B1:25

debris flows

redeposition, A6:9

sedimentation, A5:15

décollement zone

barium, B2:7

carbon–nitrogen cycles, B7:12–14

CORK-II, A2:11–12

deformation, A5:20–22

geochemistry, A6:17

lithology and structure, A6:35

photograph, A5:47; A6:36

plate tectonics, A1:8–10; B1:29

quinones, B8:20

reaction fronts, B6:8–9, 13–14

scaly fabric, A6:11

structure and lithology, A5:64

temperature, B12:19

deep resistivity logs, vs. depth, A4:163

deformation

alteration, A1:11–13

carbon-nitrogen evidence, B7:8–11

photograph, A1:68; A5:47–48

deformation, brittle

igneous units, A4:36

sediments, A5:18

deformation bands

sediments, A5:20

vs. depth, A5:64

deformation fronts, plate tectonics, A1:8–10

Dehalococcoides, microbial divergence indexes, B8:9

demagnetization

discrete samples, A4:44; A5:27

magnetic domains, A4:140–141

sediments, A5:25–26; A6:13

demagnetization, alternating-field

gabbro, A4:42

sediments, A4:41–42

density

lithology, A4:37–38

sediments, A5:23–24; A6:12

density, bulk, vs. depth, A4:130–131; A5:70–71, 73; A6:37; B9:22

density, grain, vs. depth, A4:132; A5:72; A6:38

density correction logs, vs. depth, A4:162

density logs

lithology, A4:61

vs. depth, A1:55–56; A4:71–73, 162–167; B13:13

deoxyribonucleic acid, extraction, A4:52–53; B1:24; B8:6–11

dewatering, décollement zone, A1:13

diagenesis

carbon-nitrogen evidence, B7:7–8

fluid flow, A1:11–13

forearc wedges, A6:10

hydrology, B6:6–7

lithology, A4:21

organic matter, B2:6–7

seafloor sediments, B7:6–7

sediments, A5:18

total organic carbon/total nitrogen ratio, B7:6–8

See also authigenesis; cementation

diatom datums, middle Miocene, B1:15

diatomite, clayey, quinones, B8:19

diatoms

photograph, A4:75, 81

photomicrograph, A5:51; A6:29

sediments, A6:8

smear slides, A5:14–15

vs. depth, A4:79; A5:53; A6:28

differentiation, gabbro, A4:31–32

diffusion, fluid flow, B6:10–11

dipole shear sonic tool, acoustic logging, B13:15

Discoasters

lithology, A6:9

photomicrograph, A6:29

discrete samples

demagnetization, A4:44

paleolatitude, A4:44–45

Zijderveld diagrams, A4:142

DNA. See deoxyribonucleic acid

downhole logging, A1:22–23; A4:7–9, 59–64; B13:13

downhole measurements

Site 1253, A1:22; A4:7, 53–57

Site 1255, A1:32–33; A5:7–8, 37–39

E

enzymes, microbial activity, B8:7–8

ethane

sediments, A5:35

vs. depth, A5:86–87; A6:43

eubacteria, microbial divergence indexes, B8:9

F

fabric, scaly

décollement zone, A6:11

sediments, A5:21

Farallon plate

convergent margins, A1:7–8

hotspots, B9:12–13

fatty acid methyl esters, sediments, B8:6–11

fault gouge

photograph, A1:69; A5:48

vs. depth, A5:64

fault zones

barium, B2:9–10

sediments, A5:21

vs. depth, A1:51

faults

alteration, A1:11–13

vs. depth, A5:64

faults, normal

photograph, A4:123

sediments, A4:35–36

faults, reverse

orientation of conjugate sets, A4:124, 128

photograph, A4:123

stereographic projection, A5:66

fecal pellets, sedimentation, A5:15

feldspar, lithology, A6:8–9

fissility dip, sediments, A5:21

fissures, photomicrograph, A4:110

fluid advection

convergent margins, B1:20

See also advection

fluid flow

carbon-nitrogen tracers, B7:11–12

convergent margins, A1:11–13

diffusion, B6:10–11

geochemistry, A6:17

hydraulic properties, B1:24–25

hydrology, B6:1–26

incoming plate, A1:23–24; A4:9; B1:26–28

prism wedges, B6:7–8, 11–13

subduction flux, B1:1–54

fluid flow, upward, geochemical cycles, B6:10

fluid flux

CORK-II, A2:1–36

subduction zones, A1:1–3

fluoride

pore fluids and sediments, B5:5–7

vs. calcium, B5:11

fluoride/bromide ratio, vs. depth, B5:9

foliation

stereographic projection, A5:66

vs. depth, A5:64

foraminifer datums, middle Miocene, B1:15

foraminifers

photograph, A4:77

photomicrograph, A4:78

forearc prisms

photograph, A5:46

underthrusting, B1:5–7, 29

forearc wedges

age, B1:16

carbon and nitrogen geochemistry, B7:1–38

diagenesis, A6:10; B1:5

forearcs, plate tectonics, A1:8–10; B1:5–7

Formation MicroScanner imagery

igneous units, A1:60

lithology, A4:63–64

vs. depth, A4:73, 160, 164–167; B1:48

fractional crystallization, igneous rocks, B9:7, 11–12

fractures

density, B13:1–21

gabbro sills, A4:27–28

igneous units, A1:60; A4:36; B1:13

photograph, A4:102–103

vs. depth, A4:73, 87–88, 93–98, 100–104; A5:64; B1:48; B13:20

G

gabbro

contamination, A4:183

emplacement, B1:10–12; B9:12–13

magnetic inclination, A4:143

paleomagnetism, A4:42–43

petrography, A4:31–32

petrology, A4:28–35

structures, A4:36

gabbro, fine-grained

lithologic units, A4:26–28

photomicrograph, A4:106

gabbro, holocrystalline

photograph, A1:57; A4:86

photomicrograph, A1:57

gabbro, medium-grained

petrology, A4:28–35

photomicrograph, A4:106

gabbro, microcrystalline

lithologic units, A4:26–28

petrology, A4:28–35

photograph, A4:88, 91, 94, 96, 98, 101, 103

photomicrograph, A1:57–58; A4:89–90, 92, 106–110, 113

gabbro, plagioclase-pyroxene, lithologic units, A4:26–28

gabbro intrusions, magnetic inclination, A4:143

gabbro sills

geochemical data, A4:174–175

lithologic units, A4:26–28

Galapagos hotspot, tephra, A4:26

Galapagos Islands, trace elements, B9:9–10

gamma-ray logs

lithology, A4:60–61

vs. depth, A4:161

gamma rays

lithology, A4:40

sediments, A5:24; A6:12

vs. depth, A6:39

gamma rays, corrected natural, vs. depth, A4:135; A5:74

gases, headspace, composition, A4:179; A5:110; A6:52

gases, Vacutainer, composition, A5:109; A6:53

gastropods, photomicrograph, A5:55

genes, methanogen-specific

sediments, B8:6–11

vs. depth, B8:18–19

geochemical data, gabbro sills, A4:174–175

geochemistry

incoming plate, B1:26–28

rock standards JB-2 and JB-1A, B3:16

sediments, B1:16–17

subduction recycling, B1:23–24

geochemistry, inorganic

Site 1253, A1:20–21; A4:6, 45–48

Site 1254, A1:30–32; A5:5–7, 27–33

Site 1255, A1:35; A6:3, 14–17

geochemistry, organic

Site 1253, A1:21; A4:6, 48–49

Site 1254, A1:32; A5:7, 33–37

Site 1255, A1:34–35; A6:2–3, 18–19

geothermal gradient, potassium, A5:32–33

glass shards

photomicrograph, A4:85; A5:51

tephra, A4:20

glauconite, lithology, A6:8–9

grain size

gabbro, A4:29

permeability, B11:13

photograph, A4:87–88

tephra, A5:15–16

vs. depth, A4:87–88, 93–98, 100–104

growth zoning, plagioclase, photomicrograph, A4:107

Guatemala, subduction factory, A1:5–6

H

habitability, subseafloor sediments, B8:1–26

hafnium, igneous rocks, B9:9–11

hafnium/tantalum ratio

vs. lanthanum/samarium ratio, B1:11–12; B9:30–31

vs. magnesium number, B9:26–27

heat flow

deformation fronts, A1:49; B1:4

plate tectonics, A1:10–11

heat flux, long-term measurements, B12:4–6, 9

hemipelagic environment, photograph, A5:47–48

heptadecanoic acid, gas chromatograms, B8:17

hexadecanoic acid, gas chromatograms, B8:17

hotspots, sill emplacement, B9:12–13

hydraulic properties, B1:24–25

hydrocarbons, kerogen-derived, sediments, A5:112

hydrocarbons, thermogenic, microbial divergence indexes, B8:10

hydrocarbons, volatile, sediments, A4:48; A5:34–35, 112; A6:18–19

hydrogen index, sediments, A5:112; A6:19

hydrology

convergent margins, A1:11–13; B1:7–8

CORK-II, A2:1–36

transport-reaction model, B6:1–26

hydrothermal alteration

geochemistry, B1:16–17; B3:1–16

See also authigenesis; cementation

hydrothermal circulation, water budget, B6:11

I

igneous complex, source and petrogenesis, B1:10–14; B9:1–38

igneous petrology, A1:18–19; A4:3–4, 27–35

igneous rocks

rock magnetism, A4:43–44

stratigraphy, A1:24–25; A4:9–10; B9:7

trace elements, B9:9–10

X-ray diffraction data, A4:173

illite

sediments, A4:22; A5:19

vs. depth, A5:63

See also smectite-illite clays

ilmenite

gabbro sills, A4:27–28

photomicrograph, A1:57; A4:89, 92

inclusions

gabbro, A4:31–32

photomicrograph, A4:90, 108

incoming plate, monitoring, B1:26–29

instruments, CORK-II, A2:7–11

intrusions, remanent magnetization, A4:42–43

iron

microbial activity, B8:6–11

pore water, A4:47; A5:31; A6:16

sediments, B3:4

vs. depth, A4:145; A5:85

See also aluminum/(aluminum + iron + manganese) ratio

iron-manganese oxides, sediments, B3:4

iron oxide

alkalis-iron-magnesium diagram, B9:24

gabbro, A4:34

microbial activity, B8:7–8

sediments, A4:24

tephra, A4:25

vs. depth, A4:114

vs. titanium/aluminum ratio, B3:9

iron oxide/magnesium oxide ratio, tephra, A4:25

Isla Floreana, trace elements, B9:9–10

isochrons

igneous complex, B1:41; B9:20

magnetic anomalies, A1:45; B7:24

isotope stratigraphy, age models, B4:4–5

J

joints

contour plots, A4:126

igneous units, A4:36

pyroxene gabbro, A4:125

K

kaolinite, sediments, A5:19

kaolinite/chlorite ratio, vs. depth, A5:63

L

laminations, parallel, photograph, A5:52

laminations, photograph, A4:76–77, 121

lanthanum, basalt, B9:9–10

lanthanum/samarium ratio

vs. hafnium/tantalum ratio, B1:11–12; B9:30–31

vs. magnesium number, B9:26–27

laumontite, alteration, A4:33

lightness, vs. depth, A4:74; A5:49

limestone

photograph, A5:54

photomicrograph, A5:55

limestone, lithified, photograph, A6:32

limestone, peloidal, sedimentation, A5:15

lipids, Archaeal, sediments, B8:6–11

lithification, photograph, A5:54

lithium

deformation, A5:33

geochemical cycles, B6:11

pore water, A4:47; A5:31–32; A6:17

vs. depth, A1:51, 62; A4:70, 147; A5:45, 84; B1:44; B6:22

lithium isotopes

hydrothermal alteration, B1:17–18; B5:5–7

pore fluids, B5:20

vs. depth, B5:18

lithologic units

Unit U4A, A4:26–28

Unit U4B, A4:28–33

Unit U4B-1, A4:29

Unit U4B-2, A4:29

Unit U4B-3, A4:29

Unit U4B-4, A4:29–30

Unit U4B-5, A4:30

Unit U4B-6, A4:30

Unit U4B-7, A4:30–31

vs. depth, A4:79

X-ray diffraction data, A6:11

lithology

décollement zone, A6:35

summary, A1:46; B1:40; B7:27

vs. depth, A4:74; A5:45, 49

lithostratigraphy

Site 1253, A1:17–18; A4:3, 19–26

Site 1254, A1:27–28; A5:2–3, 13–19

Site 1255, A1:34; A6:2, 7–11

loss on ignition, igneous rocks, B9:7

Lowrie-Fuller tests, hemipelagic sediments and igneous rocks, A4:43–44

Lowrie's tests

hemipelagic sediments, A4:43

saturation remanent magnetization, A4:139

M

magmatic contacts

contour plots, A4:126

gabbro, A4:29–35

gabbro sills, A4:27–28

igneous units, A4:36

photograph, A4:87–88, 95–98, 100–101

photomicrograph, A4:109

pyroxene gabbro, A4:125

vs. depth, A4:87–88, 93–98, 100–104

magmatism, plate tectonics, B1:12

magnesium

pore water, A4:46–47; A5:30; A6:15

sediments, A4:24

vs. depth, A4:146; A5:83

magnesium/calcium ratio

pore water, A4:46–47

vs. depth, A4:146; A5:83

magnesium number

crystal accumulation, B9:12

gabbro, A4:34–35

vs. calcium oxide/aluminum oxide ratio, A4:116

vs. minor elements, B9:26–27

vs. trace elements, B9:26–27

magnesium oxide

alkalis-iron-magnesium diagram, B9:24

gabbro, A4:34

sediments, A5:17

vs. depth, A4:83, 114; A5:60

See also iron oxide/magnesium oxide ratio

magnetic declination

sediments, A5:25–26; A6:13

vs. depth, A5:77–78; A6:41

magnetic domains

demagnetization, A4:140–141

magnetization ratio, A4:140–141

magnetic field, downhole measurements, A4:64

magnetic inclination

gabbro, A4:43, 143

sediments, A4:42, 143; A5:25–26; A6:13

vs. depth, A4:137; A5:76–78; A6:41

magnetic intensity

gabbro, A4:43

isothermal remanent magnetization, A4:139

saturation remanent magnetization, A4:139

sediments, A5:26; A6:13

vs. depth, A4:137–139, 168; A5:77–80; A6:42

magnetic intensity, demagnetization/natural remanent ratio, vs. depth, A4:138; A5:79

magnetic polarity

gabbro, A4:43

sediments, A4:41–42; A6:14

vs. depth, A4:71–72, 88, 94, 96, 98, 101, 103–104

magnetic susceptibility

lithology, A4:40

sediments, A5:24, 26–27; A6:12–13

vs. depth, A4:136; A5:75, 80; A6:40, 42

magnetite

gabbro, A4:42

gabbro sills, A4:27–28

photomicrograph, A1:57; A4:89

magnetization ratio, magnetic domains, A4:140–141

major elements

gabbro, A4:33–35

igneous rocks, B9:7–8, 35–38

sediments, A4:23–24; A6:10; B3:14–15

sediments and tephra, A5:94, 16–18

tephra, A4:25

vs. depth, A4:114

manganese

microbial activity, B8:6–11

microbial divergence indexes, B8:10

pore water, A4:47; A5:31; A6:16

vs. depth, A4:145; A5:85

See also aluminum/(aluminum + iron + manganese) ratio; iron-manganese oxides

manganese oxide

microbial activity, B8:7–8

sediments, A4:24

mantle, upper, hotspots, B9:12–13

mass accumulation rates, middle Miocene, B1:14–15

mass flows, parallel laminations, A4:20

medium resistivity logs, vs. depth, A4:163

melting, overprinting, B9:12–13

melts, gabbro, A4:31–32

menaquinones. See ubiquinones/menaquinones ratio

mesolite

alteration, A4:33

photomicrograph, A1:58; A4:113

X-ray diffraction data, A4:111

metalliferous sediment index, vs. depth, B3:10

metamorphic petrology, A1:18–19; A4:3–4, 27–35

methane

deformation, A5:33

geochemical cycles, B6:1–26

sediments, A5:34–35; A6:18–19

vs. depth, A4:148; A5:86–87; A6:43; B6:23

See also anaerobic methane oxidation

methane/propane ratio, sediments, A5:35

mica, lithology, A6:8–9

microbial activity, sediments, B8:6–11

microbial communities, chemosynthetic, organic carbon, B8:10

microbial divergence index

quinones, B8:9–10

vs. bioenergetic divergence index, B8:22

vs. depth, B8:21

microbiology

Site 1253, A1:21; A4:6–7, 49–53

Site 1254, A1:32; A5:7, 36

Site 1255, A1:35; A6:3, 19–20

microfaults, vs. depth, A4:120

microspheres, microbiology, A5:113

Middle America Subduction Zone, plate tectonics, A1:6–10

Middle America Trench

bathymetric map, A1:43

geochemistry, B5:1–21

plate tectonics, A1:10

miniaturized temperature loggers

calibration, B12:11

construction, B12:10

installation, B12:1–20

minor elements, vs. magnesium number, B9:26–27

Miocene

geologic timescale, B14:19

quinones, B8:18

Miocene, middle

age vs. depth, B4:16

biostratigraphy, B1:14–15

isotope stratigraphy, B4:4–5

tephra, A4:26

Miocene, upper, nannofossil biostratigraphy, B14:1–26

MK4, microbial divergence indexes, B8:9

MK5, microbial divergence indexes, B8:9

multidomain grains, gabbro, A4:42

N

nannofossil datums, middle Miocene, B1:15

nannofossils

lithology, A6:9

smear slides, A5:14–15

vs. age, B14:20

vs. depth, A4:79; A5:53; A6:28

nannofossils, calcareous, biostratigraphy, B14:1–26

Nazca plate. See Cocos-Nazca spreading center

neodymium isotopes

igneous rocks, B1:11; B9:8–9

metalliferous sediments, B1:17–18

vs. strontium isotopes, B9:29

neutron porosity logs, vs. depth, A1:55–56; A4:71–73, 162

Nicaragua, subduction factory, A1:5–6

nickel

gabbro, A4:34–35

sediments, A6:10

vs. calcium oxide/aluminum oxide ratio, A4:117

Nicoya, subduction factory, A1:5–6

nitrogen

fluid mobility tracers, B7:11–12

organic matter, A5:36

subduction recycling, B1:23–24

wedge sediments, B7:1–38

See also carbon-nitrogen evidence

nitrogen, total

effects of storage and pretreatment, B7:21–23, 38

sediments, A4:180; A5:111; A6:54; B7:5–14, 34–35

vs. depth, B7:28

vs. nitrogen isotopes, B7:31

nitrogen flux, subduction, B7:12–13

nitrogen isotopes

effects of storage and pretreatment, B7:22–23, 36, 38

seafloor sediments, B7:6–7

sediments, B7:5–14, 34–35

vs. carbon isotopes, B7:32

vs. depth, B7:28

vs. total nitrogen, B7:31

nitrogen reservoirs, seafloor sediments, B7:6–7

O

oceanic plates, hydrology, B6:3

octadecanoic acid, gas chromatograms, B8:17

olivine

alteration, A4:32–33

photomicrograph, A1:57; A4:92, 110

titanium oxide vs. vanadium, B9:25

ooze, calcareous, quinones, B8:18

ooze, diatomaceous, quinones, B8:18

opal, diagenesis, A5:18–19

organic matter

composition, A5:36

diagenesis, B2:6–7

sediments, A6:19

orthopyroxene, gabbro sills, A4:27–28

OsmoFlowmeter, CORK-II, A2:5–6, 21–22

OsmoSamplers

CORK-II, A2:3–5, 15–20, 22; B1:14

miniaturized temperature loggers, B12:12

overthrust forearc wedge sequences, redeposition, A6:9

overthrust section, temperature, B12:19

oxidation

geochemical cycles, B6:1–26

See also anaerobic methane oxidation

oxygen isotopes

subducting pelagic sections, B4:1–18

vs. depth, B4:9–13, 15; B7:30

P

Pacific Ocean E central, bathymetric map, A1:42

palagonite

gabbro, A4:31–32

gabbro sills, A4:27–28

redeposition, A6:9

stratigraphy, A5:15–16

palagonitization

igneous rocks, B1:12–13

tephra, A4:20, 25

paleolatitude, discrete samples, A4:44–45

paleomagnetism

gabbro, A4:42–43

sediments, A4:41–42

Site 1253, A1:20; A4:5–6, 41–45

Site 1254, A1:30; A5:5, 25–27

Site 1255, A1:35; A6:3, 13–14

particulate tracers, contamination, A4:51–52

pelagic component, isotope stratigraphy, B4:4–5

pelagic facies, lithology, A4:20

peloids, sedimentation, A5:15

pelsparite, photomicrograph, A5:55

pentadecanoic acid, gas chromatograms, B8:17

perfluorocarbon tracers, contamination, A4:50–51

permeability

flow-through data, B1:29; B10:10, 16–17

geochemical cycles, B6:1–26

Stoneley waves, B13:6–9

subducting sediments, B10:1–24; B11:1–13

test results, B11:11–12

vs. fractional porosity, B10:11–12; B11:10

petrogenesis, igneous rocks, B9:10–11

petrography, gabbro, A4:31–32

phenocrysts

gabbro, A4:31–32

gabbro sills, A4:27–28

phillipsite

alteration, A4:33

X-ray diffraction data, A4:112

phosphate

geochemical cycles, B6:9

vs. depth, B6:20

phospholipid fatty acids

sediments, B8:6–11, 24

vs. depth, B8:18–20

vs. time, B8:17

photoelectric effect logs, vs. depth, A4:161

physical properties

Site 1040, B1:24–25

Site 1253, A1:20; A4:5, 37–41

Site 1254, A1:32; A5:7, 22–25

Site 1255, A1:36; A6:4, 12–13

plagioclase

gabbro, A4:29

photomicrograph, A1:57; A4:89–90, 92, 99, 106–110, 113

tephra, A4:23

titanium oxide vs. vanadium, B9:25

vs. depth, A4:87–88, 93–98, 100–104

plagioclase aggregates

gabbro, A4:28–35

lithologic units, A4:26–28

plagioclase morphology, vs. depth, A4:87–88, 93–98, 100–104

Planolites

lithology, A4:21

photograph, A4:75

plate tectonics, oceanic, convergent margins, A1:7–8; B1:3–5

plate tectonics, subduction zones, A1:1–3

Pleistocene

forearc wedges, B1:16

geologic timescale, B14:19

nannofossil biostratigraphy, B14:1–26

quinones, B8:19

Pliocene

forearc wedges, B1:16

geologic timescale, B14:19

nannofossil biostratigraphy, B14:1–26

quinones, B8:19

plume-ridge interaction, off-axis, igneous complex, B9:1–38

plumes, overprinting, B9:12–13

polymerase chain reaction, contamination, A4:52–53

pore pressure

décollement zone, A1:13

vs. depth, A1:52

pore water

geochemistry, A4:46–48, 177–178; A5:28–33, 107–108; A6:14–17, 50–51; B1:18–21; B2:5; B5:1–21

hydrology, B6:1–26

porosity

geochemical cycles, B1:29; B6:1–26

lithology, A4:37–38

sediments, A5:23–24; A6:12

vs. compressional wave velocity, A4:134

vs. depth, A4:130; A5:45, 70, 73; A6:37; B6:21, 23; B9:22

porosity, fractional

carbonates, B10:14

vs. permeability, B10:11–12; B11:10

porosity logs

lithology, A4:61–62

vs. depth, A1:55–56; A4:71–73, 162; B13:13

See also neutron porosity logs

potassium

geothermal gradient, A5:32–33

pore water, A4:46; A5:29–30; A6:15

sediments, A4:24

vs. depth, A4:144; A5:82; B5:13; B6:22

potassium logs, vs. depth, A4:161

potassium oxide

sediments, A4:24; A5:17; A6:10

tephra, A5:18

vs. depth, A4:84; A5:59

vs. magnesium number, B9:26–27

vs. silica, A5:61

See also sodium oxide + potassium oxide

pressure

CORK-II, A2:7–8, 25–26

Davis-Villinger probe, A4:55–57; A5:37–39

incoming plate, B1:26–28

vs. time, A4:155, 157–158; A5:88–91; B1:52–53; B10:10

pressure-temperature conditions, Davis-Villinger probe, A4:55–57; A5:37–39

prism fault zones, deformation, A5:20

prism wedges

fluid flow, B6:7–8, 11–13

hydrology, B6:1–26

productivity index, sediments, A5:112

propane

geochemical cycles, B1:20; B6:12

sediments, A5:35; A6:18–19

vs. depth, A1:51; A5:45, 86–87; A6:43; B1:44; B6:22

See also methane/propane ratio

Proteobacteria, microbial divergence indexes, B8:9

pyroxene

gabbro, A4:29

vs. depth, A4:87–88, 93–98, 100–104

Q

quartz

lithology, A6:8–9

photomicrograph, A5:55

tephra, A4:23

See also cristobalite/quartz ratio

quinones

microbial divergence indexes, B1:24; B8:9–10, 25–26

sediments, B8:6–11

vs. depth, B8:18–21

R

radiolarians, photomicrograph, A5:51

rare earths

crystal accumulation, B9:12, 32

igneous rocks, B9:7

rare earths, chondrite-normalized, igneous rocks, B9:28

reaction fronts, décollement, B6:8–9, 13–14

recrystallization, photograph, A6:32

redeposition

blocks, A6:9

parallel laminations, A4:20

photograph, A5:54

Redfield ratio, sediments, A6:19

remanent magnetization, anhysteretic, hemipelagic sediments and igneous rocks, A4:43–44

remanent magnetization, isothermal

magnetic intensity, A4:139

sediments, A4:41–42

remanent magnetization, natural

gabbro, A4:42–43

sediments, A4:41–42; A5:25–26

vs. depth, A4:138

remanent magnetization, postdepositional, sediments, A4:42

remanent magnetization, saturation, magnetic intensity, A4:139

remanent magnetization, saturation isothermal

hemipelagic sediments, A4:43

hemipelagic sediments and igneous rocks, A4:43–44

remanent magnetization, thermal, hemipelagic sediments and igneous rocks, A4:43–44

resistivity logs

lithology, A4:62

See also deep resistivity logs; medium resistivity logs; shallow resistivity logs

reverse grading, photograph, A5:56

Riedel shear surfaces

sediments, A5:20

stereographic projection, A5:66

Rock-Eval data, sediments, A5:112; A6:55

rock magnetism, sediments and igneous rocks, A4:43–44

rubidium

pore fluids and sediments, B5:5–7, 21

vs. depth, B5:12–15

S

salinity

geochemical cycles, B6:26

pore water, A4:46; A5:28–29; A6:14–15

vs. depth, A5:82

samarium

basalt, B9:9–10

See also lanthanum/samarium ratio

sand

photograph, A5:52

vs. depth, A4:79; A5:53; A6:28

sand, silty, quinones, B8:19

sand-silt intervals, lithology, A6:8–9

sandstone, lithology, A6:8–9

sandstone, micritic, photomicrograph, A5:55

saponite

alteration, A4:32–33

gabbro sills, A4:28

tephra, A4:23

scolecite

alteration, A4:33

X-ray diffraction data, A4:111

seawater, contamination, A4:181–182

sediment sources

carbon-nitrogen evidence, B7:8–11

total organic carbon/total nitrogen ratio, B7:8–11

sedimentation rates, age vs. depth, Site 1053, B4:4–5

sediments

barium cycles, B2:8–9, 20–21

chemical composition, A4:172

contamination, A4:50–53

geochemistry, A1:17–18; A5:16–17; A6:10, 45; B1:21–23; B5:1–21

magnetic inclination, A4:143

paleomagnetism, A4:41–42

photograph, A6:27

Rock-Eval data, A6:55

smear slides, A4:21–22; A5:14–15

structures, A4:35–36

X-ray diffraction data, A4:22–23, 170–171; A5:18–19, 95–103; A6:11, 46–49

sediments, clastic, underthrusting, A6:9

sediments, forearc prism, photograph, A1:67

sediments, hemipelagic

permeability and consolidation, B10:1–24; B11:1–13

photograph, A1:68

rock magnetism, A4:43–44

subduction factory, Central America, A1:5–6

sediments, metalliferous

geochemistry, B1:16–17

See also metalliferous sediment index

sediments, pelagic, permeability and consolidation, B10:1–24; B11:1–13

sediments, subducting, permeability and consolidation, B10:1–24; B11:1–13

sediments, subseafloor, habitability, B8:1–26

sediments, wedge, carbon and nitrogen geochemistry, B7:1–38

seismic profiles

Middle America Trench, A1:47; B1:4, 42; B6:18; B7:26, 33; B8:16; B9:21; B10:7; B14:14

Site 1043, A1:71

Site 1253, A1:54; A4:68; B2:15; B4:8

Site 1254, A1:65; A5:44; B2:15

Site 1255, A1:71; A6:24

seismogenic zones, subduction zones, A1:5–6; B1:13–14

sensitivity analysis, geochemical cycles, B6:12

shallow resistivity logs, vs. depth, A1:55–56; A4:71–72, 163; B9:22

shear wave velocity

fractures, B13:7

vs. depth, B13:17

shear wave velocity logs, vs. depth, A4:164

shear zones

igneous units, A4:36

photograph, A5:47–48

quinones, B8:22

sediments, A5:20

shear zones, brittle, stereographic projection, A5:69

shear zones, conjugate brittle

photograph, A4:127

stereographic plot, A4:129

silica

diagenesis, A4:21

gabbro, A4:33

pore water, A4:47; A5:32; A6:17

sediments, A4:23; A5:17; A6:10

tephra, A4:25

vs. depth, A1:62; A4:70, 82, 147; A5:58

vs. potassium oxide, A5:61

vs. sodium oxide + potassium oxide, B9:23

silica, biogenic, titanium/aluminum ratio, B3:4

silicon, vs. depth, A5:84

sills

age, B1:15–16

emplacement, B9:12–13

pore water, A4:47–48

silt

photograph, A5:50; A6:30

redeposition, A6:9

See also sand-silt intervals

silt, palagonitic, photomicrograph, A6:29

silt, volcanic, photomicrograph, A6:29

siltstone

diagenesis, A6:10

photomicrograph, A5:51; A6:29

siltstone, lithified, photograph, A6:34

Site 574, stable isotopes, B4:14–15

Site 1039

barium, B2:16

carbon and oxygen isotopes, B4:1–18

pore fluid geochemistry, B1:43

seismic profiles, A1:54

stable isotopes, B4:1–18

stratigraphy, B14:16

Site 1039/Site 1253

lithology, B6:19

pore fluid geochemistry, B5:3–4

stratigraphy, B14:16

sulfate, B6:21

Site 1040

barium, B2:16

carbon and nitrogen geochemistry of wedge sediments, B7:1–38

carbon and oxygen isotopes, B4:1–18

permeability, B11:1–13

seismic profiles, A1:65

stratigraphy, B14:17

Site 1040/Site 1254

lithology, B6:19

pore fluid geochemistry, B5:4

pore water data, B6:22

reaction fronts, B6:23

stratigraphy, B14:17

Site 1043

seismic profiles, A1:71

stratigraphy, B14:18

Site 1043/Site 1255

fluid flow, B6:22

lithology, B6:19

pore fluid geochemistry, B5:4

pore water data, B6:22

reaction fronts, B6:23

stratigraphy, B14:18

underthrust sediments, B6:22

Site 1253, A4:1–184

alteration, A1:18–19

altered sediments, B3:1–16

Alvin submersible postcruise visit to CORK-II, A1:36–37; A2:12–13

barium, B2:16

borehole installation, B1:45

calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy, B14:1–26

calcareous nannofossil range and zonation, B14:22

carbon and oxygen isotopes, B4:1–18

coring summary, A4:169

CORK-II, A1:25–26; A2:11; A4:11

downhole logging, A1:22–23; A4:7–9, 58–64; B13:13

downhole measurements, A1:22; A4:7, 53–57

fluid flow, A1:23–24; A4:9

igneous and metamorphic petrology, A1:18–19; A4:3–4, 27–35

igneous stratigraphy, A1:24–25; A4:9–10; B9:1–38

inorganic geochemistry, A1:20–21; A4:6, 45–48

lithostratigraphy, A1:17–18; A4:3, 19–26

location, A4:67

microbiology, A1:21; A4:6–7, 49–53

monitoring of incoming plate, B1:26–28

operations, A4:11–19

organic geochemistry, A1:21; A4:6, 48–49

paleomagnetism, A1:20; A4:5–6, 41–45

permeability and consolidation, B10:1–24; B11:1–13

phospholipid fatty acids, B8:18

physical properties, A1:20; A4:5, 37–41

reference site, A1:13–15

science objectives, A1:13–15

sediment geochemistry, A1:17–18; A4:3

seismic profiles, A1:54

site description, A4:1–184

site summary, A1:16–26; A4:1–11

stratigraphy, B14:16

structural geology, A1:19; A4:4–5, 35–36

temperature, B12:1–20

Site 1254, A5:1–113

Alvin submersible postcruise visit to CORK-II, A2:12–13

barium, B2:16

calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy, B14:1–26

calcareous nannofossil range and zonation, B14:23–24

coring summary, A5:92

data summary, A1:66

downhole measurements, A1:32–33; A5:7–8, 37–39

inorganic geochemistry, A1:30–32; A5:5–7, 27–33

lithostratigraphy, A1:27–28; A5:2–3, 13–19

location, A1:64; A5:42–43

microbiology, A1:32; A5:7, 36

operations, A5:8–13

organic geochemistry, A1:32; A5:7, 33–36

paleomagnetism, A1:30; A5:5, 25–27

permeability and consolidation, B10:1–24

phospholipid fatty acids, B8:19

physical properties, A1:32; A5:7, 22–25

quinones, B8:21

science objectives, A1:15–16

seismic profiles, A1:65

site description, A5:1–113

site summary, A5:1–8

stratigraphy, B14:17

structural geology, A1:28–30; A5:3–5, 20–22

Site 1255, A6:1–55

Alvin submersible postcruise visit to CORK-II, A1:36–37

borehole installation, B1:46

calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy, B14:1–26

calcareous nannofossil range and zonation, B14:25

coring summary, A6:44

CORK-II, A1:36; A2:11–12; A6:4, 26

inorganic geochemistry, A1:35; A6:3, 14–17

lithostratigraphy, A1:34; A6:2, 7–11

location, A1:70; A6:22–23

microbiology, A1:35; A6:3, 19–20

operations, A6:4–7

organic geochemistry, A1:34–35; A6:2–3, 18–19

paleomagnetism, A1:35; A6:3, 13

permeability and consolidation, B10:1–24; B11:1–13

phospholipid fatty acids, B8:20

physical properties, A1:36; A6:4, 12

science objectives, A1:15–16

seismic profiles, A1:71

site description, A6:1–55

site summary, A6:1–4

stratigraphy, B14:18

structural geology, A1:34; A6:2, 11

temperature, B12:1–20

slickenlines, vs. depth, A5:64

slickensides, vs. depth, A5:64

smear slides, sediments, A4:21–22; A5:14–15

smectite

sediments, A4:22; A5:19

tephra, A4:23

vs. depth, A5:63

smectite-illite clays, sediments, A4:22

sodium

pore water, A4:46; A5:29; A6:15

vs. depth, A4:144; A5:82

sodium/chloride ratio

pore water, A5:29

vs. depth, A4:144

sodium oxide

gabbro, A4:34

sediments, A4:24

vs. depth, A4:84, 114; A5:59

vs. strontium, A4:119

sodium oxide + potassium oxide

alkalis-iron-magnesium diagram, B9:24

vs. silica, B9:23

sponge spicules

photograph, A4:77

photomicrograph, A4:78

stable isotopes

sediments, B1:21–23

subducting pelagic sections, B4:1–18

stilbite

alteration, A4:33

photomicrograph, A1:61; A4:113

X-ray diffraction data, A4:112

Stoneley velocity logs, vs. depth, A4:164; B1:48

Stoneley wave energy estimated loss, vs. depth, B13:18–20

Stoneley wave velocity, vs. depth, B13:18–19

Stoneley waves

fracture density, B13:1–22

permeability, B13:6–9

stratigraphy, igneous rocks, B9:7

stress, effective

test results, B11:11–12

vs. void ratio, B10:9

strontium

pore water, A4:46–47; A5:30; A6:15–16

sediments, A4:24; A5:17

vs. depth, A1:50, 62; A4:70, 83, 114, 146; A5:60, 83; B1:43; B6:20

vs. sodium oxide, A4:119

strontium isotopes

igneous rocks, B1:13; B9:8–9

pore fluids, B5:5–7, 20

pore water, B1:43

vs. 1/strontium ratio, B5:17

vs. depth, A1:50; B1:43, 49; B5:19

vs. neodymium isotopes, B9:29

structural geology

Site 1253, A1:19; A4:4–5, 35–36

Site 1254, A1:28–30; A5:3–5, 20–22

Site 1255, A1:34; A6:2, 11

structures

décollement zone, A6:35

gabbro, A4:36

sediments, A4:35–36; A5:104–106

vs. depth, A5:64; B1:44

subduction factory

nitrogen flux, B7:12–13

seismogenic zones, A1:5–6; B1:13–14, 28–29

subduction flux, fluid flow, B1:1–54

subduction recycling, geochemistry, B1:23–24

subduction zones

calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy, B14:1–26

Central America, A1:1–3

CORK-II, A2:1–36

seismogenic zones, A1:5–6

sulfate

geochemical cycles, B6:9–14

microbial divergence indexes, B8:10

pore water, A4:46; A5:30–31; A6:16; B1:18–19

vs. depth, A1:62; A4:70, 145; A5:85; B1:51; B2:16; B6:20–21, 23

sulfate depletion zone

barium, B2:7

pore water, A5:30–31

sulfur, total

sediments, A4:180; A5:35, 111; A6:19, 54

sediments and igneous rocks, A4:48–49

sulfur, vs. depth, A4:149; A5:88

T

tantalum

igneous rocks, B9:9–11

See also hafnium/tantalum ratio

temperature

CORK-II, A2:6–7, 23

data logger, A4:154

Davis-Villinger probe, A4:55–57; A5:37–39

high-resolution methods, A4:53–55

incoming plate, B1:26–28

long-term measurements, B12:1–20

vs. depth, A4:156

vs. time, A4:152, 155, 157–158; A5:88–91; B1:52; B12:14–18

vs. water depth, A4:153

See also conductivity-temperature-depth; pressure-temperature conditions

temperature events, long-term measurements, B12:5–6

tephra

geochemistry, B1:17–18

grain size, A5:57

lithology, A4:20; A6:10

location, A5:93

photograph, A5:56

photomicrograph, A4:85

stratigraphy, A5:15–16

tholeiite, A5:61

textures, gabbro sills, A4:27–28

thermal conductivity

lithology, A4:38–39

vs. depth, A4:133

tholeiite, tephra, A5:61

thomsonite

alteration, A4:33

photomicrograph, A1:58; A4:113

thorium logs, vs. depth, A4:161

titanium, sediments, B3:4

titanium/aluminum ratio

sediments, A4:23; A5:17; B3:4

vs. calcium carbonate, B3:8

vs. depth, A4:82; A5:58; B3:7

vs. iron oxide, B3:9

titanium oxide

gabbro, A4:34

sediments, A4:23; A5:17

tephra, A4:25

vs. depth, A4:82, 114; A5:58

vs. vanadium, A4:115; B9:25

See also vanadium/titanium oxide ratio

trace elements

gabbro, A4:33–35

igneous rocks, B1:14; B9:9–10, 35–38

sediments, A4:23–24; A6:10; B3:14–15

sediments and tephra, A5:94, 16–18

tephra, A4:25

vs. depth, A4:114

vs. magnesium number, B9:26–27

trace fossils, lithology, A4:21

transition metals, sediments, B3:4

transport-reaction model, hydrology, B6:1–26

turbidite, trench, photograph, A6:31

U

ubiquinones, microbial divergence indexes, B8:9–10

ubiquinones/menaquinones ratio, vs. depth, B8:18–20

underplating, plate tectonics, A1:8–10; B1:6

underthrusting

brecciation, A6:11

clastic sediments, A6:9

hydrology, B1:5–7; B6:4–5

photograph, A1:67; A5:46

quinones, B8:20

uranium logs, vs. depth, A4:161

V

vanadium

gabbro, A4:34

sediments, B3:4

vs. depth, A4:114

vs. titanium oxide, A4:115; B9:25

vanadium/titanium oxide ratio, vs. magnesium number, B9:26–27

veins

gabbro, A4:29

gabbro sills, A4:27–28

photograph, A4:87–88, 91, 93–96, 100–101, 104

photomicrograph, A1:58, 61

vs. depth, A4:87–88, 93–98, 100–104

veins, magmatic

contour plots, A4:126

pyroxene gabbro, A4:125

velocity, acoustic, lithology, A4:39

velocity logs

lithology, A4:62–63

vs. depth, A1:55–56; A4:71–73, 162, 164; B9:22; B13:13

See also compressional wave velocity logs

void ratio, vs. effective stress, B10:9

voids

gabbro, A4:29

gabbro sills, A4:27–28

photograph, A4:93–94, 97–98, 102–103

vs. depth, A4:87–88, 93–98, 100–104

volcanic ash

alteration, A1:11–13

geochemistry, B1:17–18

photograph, A4:80

photomicrograph, A4:78; A5:51

stratigraphy, A5:15–16

titanium/aluminum ratio, B3:4

volcanic ash, altered, photograph, A5:50

volcanic glass

alteration, A4:32–33; A6:10

lithology, A6:9

photomicrograph, A4:90, 108

tephra, A4:20

vs. depth, A4:79; A5:53; A6:28

volcanic glass, altered, gabbro sills, A4:27–28

volcanic glass, palagonitized, photomicrograph, A4:85

volcanic glass, xenomorphic, gabbro sills, A4:27–28

volcanic rocks, altered, photomicrograph, A5:55

volcanics, lithology, A6:10

volcanism

subduction factory, A1:5–6

tephra, A4:26

W

wackestone fragments, redeposition, A6:9

water budget, hydrothermal circulation, B6:11

waveforms, borehole diameter, B13:6

weathering, photomicrograph, A4:110

well-logging

summary diagram, A4:159, 184

See also downhole logging

X

X-ray diffraction data

clays, A5:102–103

igneous rocks, A4:173

sediments, A4:22–23, 170–171; A5:18–19, 95–103; A6:11, 46–49

Y

yttrium, vs. depth, A4:114

Z

zeolites

alteration, A4:33

gabbro sills, A4:28

photograph, A1:58–59; A4:80, 87–88, 95–98

photomicrograph, A1:61; A4:78, 113

X-ray diffraction data, A4:111–112

Zijderveld diagrams, discrete samples, A4:142; A5:81

zinc

sediments, B3:4

vs. barium, B3:11

zirconium

gabbro, A4:34–35

vs. chromium, A4:118

vs. depth, A4:114

Zoophycos

lithology, A4:21

photograph, A4:81