SUBJECT INDEX

A

accretion, crust, A1:10–11
age vs. depth
basement, A1:41; A3:103
Neogene nannofossil datums, A1:64; A3:129; B2:21
summary, A3:121–122
albite
alteration, A3:66
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:3
photograph, A3:208
photomicrograph, A3:209–211, 222
replacement, B7:3
veins, A1:32
alkalinity
pore water, A3:38
vs. depth, A3:148
alteration
basalts, A1:31–32; A3:65–73
basement, A3:65–73
geochemistry, A3:236; B8:1–16
photograph, A3:218–219, 282
photomicrograph, A3:205–216, 220–222, 225–228, 230, 234–235, 282
spectroscopy, B12:1–13
See also hydrothermal alteration
alteration front, photomicrograph, A3:235
alteration halos
composition, A3:66–73
lava, B1:7
photograph, A3:218, 224, 229, 231–232, 237
photomicrograph, A3:225–228, 230
See also oxidation halos
alteration halos, black, composition, A3:68
alteration halos, brown, composition, A3:68–69
alteration halos, mixed, composition, A3:69
alteration types, vs. depth, A1:90; A3:223
alteration zones, vs. depth, A1:95; A3:256
aluminum
hyaloclastite, A3:70
intensive low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, A3:71
sediments, A3:42
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, B3:15
See also calcium/aluminum ratio; iron/aluminum ratio
aluminum/titanium ratio, vs. depth, B3:16
aluminum oxide
vs. depth, A1:81; A3:152, 194; B5:6
vs. magnesium number of clinopyroxene, B5:25
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:88; A3:199
ammonium
pore water, A3:38
vs. depth, A3:148
amphibole
photograph, A3:238, 243
photomicrograph, A3:239–241
amygdules, photograph, A3:244, 269
anorthite, basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:3
apatite
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:3, 16
groundmass, A3:57–59
photomicrograph, A3:210
replacement, B7:3
aragonite
photomicrograph, A3:205
veins, A3:72; B10:1–6
augite
basalts, A1:29; A3:57; B5:6
grain size vs. depth, A3:61–63, 187; B5:9–10
groundmass, A3:57–59
photomicrograph, A3:220
augite, granular, photomicrograph, A3:183
augite microphenocrysts, photomicrograph, A1:80; A3:178
augite phenocrysts, photomicrograph, A3:179

B

barite, mass accumulation rates, A3:44
barium
lava, B1:7
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A3:152; B3:15; B6:6
barium/lanthanum ratio
basement, B6:3
vs. depth, B6:7
barium/titanium ratio
mass accumulation rates, A3:45–46
sediments, A1:25; A3:154
vs. depth, A1:67; B3:16
basalts
alteration, A1:31–32; A3:65–73
average grain size, A3:373–374
digital imaging, A3:90–93, 318–320
digital photomicrograph log, A3:372
geochemistry, A1:30–31; A3:64–65, 375–382; B1:5–9
lithologic units, A3:53–65
microbiology, A1:34–35
modal analysis data, A3:371
paleomagnetism, A1:33–34
petrography, A1:28–30; A3:55–64
photograph, A3:213, 224, 237–238, 244
photomicrograph, A3:177–186, 309
physical properties, A1:34
recrystallization, A3:59–64
scanning electron microscopy, B5:16, 18, 20
structure, A1:32–33
textures, B5:1–32
vs. depth, A1:71–72
basalts, normal mid-ocean-ridge, geochemistry, B6:1–10
basement
age vs. depth, A1:41; A3:103
alteration, A1:32; A3:65–73
crust, A1:11
digital imaging, A3:90–93
downhole measurements, A3:93–97
igneous petrology and geochemistry, A3:52–65
in situ drilling, A1:3–6, 40, 103–104
microbiology, A3:85–87
paleomagnetism, A3:80–85
physical properties, A3:87–90
secondary mineral chemistry, B8:1–16
stratigraphy, A1:71; A3:162–163; B1:15
structural geology, A3:73–80
superfast spreading, A3:52–97
trace elements, B6:1–10
bathymetry
Cocos plate, B11:8
profile maps, A4:11, 23, 35, 47
Site 1256, A1:49–52; A3:108
Site ALIJOS, A1:52
Site GUATB-01, A1:51
Site GUATB-02, A1:50; A3:111
Site GUATB-03, A1:49; A3:110
bathymetry, multibeam, contour map, A4:10, 34, 46
beidellite, basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:2–3
biostratigraphy
sedimentary overburden, A3:26–29
summary, A1:23–24; B1:4
upper Cenozoic, B2:1–25
biotite, interstitial, photomicrograph, A3:207
bioturbation
lithologic units, A1:23; A3:23–26
See also burrows
boudins, photomicrograph, A3:266
breccia
alteration, A3:69
basalts, A3:78–79
photograph, A3:234, 237–238, 282–284
photomicrograph, A3:282
vs. depth, A3:233, 255
breccia, hyaloclastite, basalts, A3:78–79
breccia, jigsaw puzzle, basalts, A3:79
breccia, polymictic, basalts, A3:78–79
breccia, sediment-infilling, basalts, A3:79
breccia, talus, photograph, A3:283
brecciation, incipient, photograph, A3:285–286
brecciation, photomicrograph, A3:239
Brunhes/Matuyama boundary, summary, A1:24
Brunhes Chron
magnetostratigraphy, A3:35
summary, A1:24
burrows, photograph, A3:125

C

calcite
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:3, 16
replacement, B7:3
veins, A3:72; B10:1–6
visible and near-infrared spectroscopy, A3:49
vs. depth, A3:158
See also calcium carbonate
calcite, measured, vs. predicted calcite, A3:159
calcite, predicted
vs. depth, A3:158
vs. measured calcite, A3:159
calcium
pore water, A3:39–40
sediments, A3:42
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A3:149; B3:15
See also iron/calcium ratio; lithium/calcium ratio; magnesium/calcium ratio; manganese/calcium ratio; potassium/calcium ratio; strontium/calcium ratio
calcium/aluminum ratio, vs. depth, A1:85; A3:198
calcium carbonate
alteration, B1:8
mass accumulation rates, A3:43–44
photograph, A3:244
sediments, A3:41–42
calcium oxide
titanium hydrogarnet, B9:2–6
vs. depth, A1:82; A3:152, 195
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:88; A3:199
caliper logs, vs. depth, A3:161, 322–330
carbon, dissolved organic
pore water, A3:38
vs. depth, A3:148
carbon, organic
sediments, A3:41–42
vs. depth, A1:66; A3:151
carbon, productivity proxies, B4:7–8
carbon isotopes
carbonate crash, B4:5–6
vs. age, B4:21
vs. carbonate mass accumulation rates, B4:21
vs. oxygen isotopes, B4:21
carbonate compensation depth
carbonate crash models, B4:12
mass accumulation rates, A3:44; B2:9–10
summary, A1:24–25; A3:29
carbonate content
vs. age, B2:22
vs. depth, A1:56; A3:126, 151
carbonate crash
biostratigraphy, B1:4; B2:10–11
mass accumulation rates, A3:45–46
middle–upper Miocene, B4:1–24
Miocene, A1:24
models, B4:8–10
proposed models, B4:10–12
timing, B4:8
carbonate fibers, stretched, photograph, A3:278
carbonates
accumulation in open oceans, B4:8
diagenesis, B4:6–7
mass accumulation rates vs. age, A3:153
photomicrograph, A3:212, 279
productivity, B4:1–24
productivity proxies, B4:7–8
vs. age, B4:22–23
vs. depth, A3:255
carbonates, biogenic, geochemistry, B3:1–26
celadonite
alteration, B1:8
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:2–3, 5–10
halos, A3:68–73
intensive low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, A3:71
lithologic units, A3:25
photograph, A3:232, 244
photomicrograph, A3:205–206, 225–226, 245–247, 279, 309; B9:4
replacement, B7:3
veins, A3:71–72
vs. depth, A3:255
Cenozoic, upper, nannofossil biostratigraphy, B2:1–25
cesium
lava, B1:7
vs. depth, B6:6
chalcedony
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:3
photograph, A3:238
photomicrograph, A3:205, 253–254, 309
replacement, B7:3
chalcopyrite, photograph, A3:243
chemical analysis
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:8, 26
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:7–8, 19–25
chert, lithologic units, A1:23; A3:25–26
chilled margins
folding, A3:75
photograph, A1:76; A3:164, 171
photomicrograph, A3:186
recrystallized basalts, A3:61
chloride
pore water, A3:38
vs. depth, A3:147
See also sodium/chloride ratio
chlorite
alteration, A3:66
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:3
photograph, A3:238
chlorite-smectite mixed-layer minerals, geochemistry, B7:2–3
Chondrites, lithologic units, A3:23–26
chromaticity
lithologic units, A3:24–26
vs. depth, A3:126
chromium
hyaloclastite, A3:70
intensive low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, A3:71
lava, B1:6
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A1:84; B3:15
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:89; A3:200
Chron C1n, magnetostratigraphy, A3:35
Chron C3An.1n, magnetostratigraphy, A3:35
Chron C3An.1r, magnetostratigraphy, A3:35
Chron C3r, magnetostratigraphy, A3:35
Chron C4n.1r, magnetostratigraphy, A3:35
Chron C5Br–C5Bn interval, basalts, A3:85
Chron C5n.2n, magnetostratigraphy, A3:35
clasts
basalts, A3:78
lithologic units, A1:27–28
photograph, A3:234, 237, 284
clasts, angular, photograph, A1:76; A3:171, 173
clasts, pumice, lithologic units, A3:24–26
clay
lithologic units, A3:23–26
photomicrograph, A3:205
visible and near-infrared spectroscopy, A3:49
vs. depth, A3:123
clay, nannofossil silt, lithologic units, A3:23
clay, sandy silty, lithologic units, A3:23–24
clay, terrigenous, geochemistry, B3:1–26
clay minerals, photomicrograph, A3:235
clinopyroxene
basalts, A1:28–30
deformation, A3:73–74
grain size variations of groundmass crystals, B5:22–23
groundmass, A3:57–59
lava ponds, B5:2–3
magmatic veins, A3:63–64
photomicrograph, B5:17, 19, 21
recrystallized basalts, A3:60
clinopyroxene, equigranular, photomicrograph, A3:189
clinopyroxene, granular, photomicrograph, A3:186
clinopyroxene, plumose, photomicrograph, A3:180; B5:8
clinopyroxene groundmass, grain size vs. depth, A3:190
clinopyroxene phenocrysts, basalts, A1:79; A3:57
clinopyroxene replacement, photomicrograph, A3:212, 220
Clipperton Fracture Zone, seafloor spreading, A1:9–10
Cocos/Nazca/Pacific plate triple junction, seafloor spreading, A1:9–10
Cocos/Pacific plate boundary
age map, A1:46; A3:105
seafloor spreading, A1:9–10
Cocos plate
age map, B1:12
drilling summary, A1:1–117
geology, A1:10–11
Cocos Ridge
crust, A1:10–11
See also Pacific-Cocos Ridge
coercivity
basalts, A3:84–85
demagnetization, A3:291–299
compressional wave velocity
basalts, A3:88–89
sediments, A3:48
vs. depth, A1:69; A3:155
vs. porosity, A3:157
contamination, microbial activity, A3:86
core imaging
interpretation, A3:92–93
processing, A3:91–92
coring, orientation, A3:354
Coriolis effect, carbonate crash, B4:3
correlation, magnetic susceptibility, A3:31–32
cracks, photograph, A3:173
Cruise EW9903, site survey results, A4:1–49
crust, oceanic
formation at superfast spreading rate, A1:26–36, 44; A3:3–5; B1:1–15
in situ drilling, A1:3–6; B1:1–15
crust, upper oceanic
hydration, B12:1–13
physical properties, B13:1–11
seafloor spreading, A1:9–10
crystal aggregates, lava ponds, B5:3
crystallites, groundmass, A3:58–59
crystals, acicular, lava ponds, B5:3

D

Deep Sea Drilling Project, in situ basement drilling, A1:3–6
deep water, carbonate crash models, B4:8–10
deformation, intracrystalline, basalts, A3:73–74
deformation, photomicrograph, A3:193
deformation, shear, photomicrograph, A3:280
demagnetization, alternating-field
principal component analysis, A3:134, 137–140
vector plots, A1:100; A3:133, 291–299, 304–305
demagnetization, split cores, A3:32–33
demagnetization, thermal, vector plots, A1:99; A3:300–301
density
basalts, A3:87–88
sediments, A3:47
vs. depth, A1:69; A3:155, 310–311, 392–394; B13:8–10
density, bulk
vs. porosity, A3:315; B13:7
vs. velocity, A3:314
density, gamma ray attenuation bulk, vs. depth, A3:121–122, 155
density, matrix, vs. porosity, B13:7
density, multisensor track and moisture and density, upper oceanic crust, B13:1–11
density logs, vs. depth, A3:322
devitrification, lava ponds, B5:2–3
diagenesis, carbonates, B4:6–7
diatom mats
mass accumulation rates, B2:9–10
photograph, A3:127
diatom mats, laminated, geochemistry, B3:1–26
diatomite, lithologic units, A3:24–26
diatoms
lithologic units, A1:23; A3:23–24
vs. depth, A3:123
digital imaging
basalts, A3:90–91; B11:11–26
basement, A3:90–93, 318–320, 395
dikes
lithologic units, A3:55
photograph, A3:174
dip
photograph, A3:273
primary magmatic layering, A3:261
structure reorientation, B11:1–26
structures, A3:80, 287, 289
dissolution
carbonate compensation depth, B2:10–11
carbonate crash, B1:5; B4:1–24
downhole measurements
basement, A3:93–97
sedimentary overburden, A3:49–52
drilling
depth, A1:42–43; A3:104
operations, A3:112–113, 115, 117–118; B1:14

E

East Antarctic Ice Sheet, carbonate crash models, B4:9
East Pacific Rise, drilling summary, A1:1–117
epoch boundaries, list, A3:341
Equatorial Undercurrent, carbonate crash, B4:3

F

fabric, magmatic
basalts, A3:73–74
veins, A1:32–33
faults, photograph, A3:128
feldspar
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:3, 12–15
photograph, A3:244
photomicrograph, A3:245
replacement, B7:12
fissures, extension, photomicrograph, A3:271
flow banding
photograph, A3:263
photomicrograph, A3:264
flow structures, photomicrograph, A3:185
folding
basalts, A3:74–75
photograph, A1:74; A3:165, 167, 263, 265
photomicrograph, A3:185, 262, 264
foraminifers
carbonate crash models, B4:9
vs. depth, A3:123
formation capture cross section logs, vs. depth, A3:322
Formation MicroScanner imaging, vs. depth, B11:11–12
Formation MicroScanner imaging logs, vs. depth, A3:322, 325–330
fractures
types and geometry, A3:76–78
veins, A3:75–76

G

gamma ray logs, vs. depth, A3:161, 322–323
gamma rays
basalts, A3:89
sediments, A3:48
vs. depth, A3:156, 203, 312–313; B13:8–10
garnet. See also hydrogarnet; hydroschorlomite
garnet, andraditic, with celadonite, B1:7
geochemistry
sediments, B3:1–26
summary, A1:25–26
geochemistry, igneous, basement, A3:52–65
geochemistry, inorganic, sedimentary overburden, A3:36–41
geochemistry, sediment, sedimentary overburden, A3:41–46
geophysical anomalies, isochrons, A4:9
geothermal gradient, downhole measurements, A3:49–50
glass shards, photomicrograph, A3:235
glassy margins
photograph, A1:75; A3:168–169
photomicrograph, A3:177
glauconite bands, photograph, A3:128
grain size
average size, A3:373–374; B5:26–27
average size of recrystallized base, B5:28
Lowrie-Fuller tests, A3:141
variations of groundmass crystals, B5:22–23
vs. depth, A3:187–188, 190–191; B5:4–5
gravity surveys, profile maps, A4:13, 25, 37, 49
groundmass
basalts, A3:57–59
grain size vs. depth, A1:71–72; A3:162–163, 190–191
lava ponds, B5:2–3
photomicrograph, B5:19–21
textures, A3:58–59
Guatemala Basin
Cruise EW9903, A4:1–49
geology, A1:10–11

H

hafnium, vs. depth, B6:6
heat flow
downhole measurements, A3:49–50
summary, A1:26; A3:366
vs. depth, A1:70; A3:160
hematite, alteration, A3:66
hyaloclastite
alteration, A3:70
lithologic units, A3:54–55
photograph, A1:76; A3:170–171, 234, 282
photomicrograph, A3:235, 282
hydration
core spectroscopy, B12:11
upper oceanic crust, B12:1–13
vs. depth, B12:12–13
hydrogarnet, titanium
geochemistry, B9:1–6
photomicrograph, B9:4
hydroschorlomite, with celadonite, B1:7
hydrothermal alteration, low-temperature, basalts, A3:71; B1:7
hydrothermal alteration, photograph, A3:237, 244

I

igneous contacts, photograph, A3:174
igneous petrology, basement, A3:52–65
igneous rocks
lithologic units, A1:26–28, 114–115; A3:367; B1:15
stratigraphy, A1:26–28; A3:162–163, 368
vs. depth, A1:71–72
Indonesian Seaway, carbonate crash models, B4:11
Indonesian Throughflow, carbonate crash models, B4:11
intergrowths, granophyric
groundmass, A3:57–59
photograph, A3:208
photomicrograph, A3:182, 209–210, 222
intergrowths, photograph, A3:242
intermediate water, carbonate crash models, B4:10–12
Intertropical Convergence Zone, carbonate crash, B4:3
iron
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:3
hyaloclastite, A3:70
intensive low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, A3:71
sediments, A3:42
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, B3:15
iron/aluminum ratio, sediments, A3:43
iron/calcium ratio
veins, B10:3–6
vs. strontium/calcium ratio, B10:5
iron-titanium oxide, photomicrograph, B5:17, 19, 21
iron/titanium ratio, vs. depth, B3:16
iron oxide
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:2–3
lithologic units, A1:23
phyllosilicates, B7:2–3
titanium hydrogarnet, B9:2–6
vs. depth, A1:81; A3:152, 194, 255
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:88; A3:199
iron oxide veins, vs. depth, A3:248–249
iron oxyhydroxide
alteration, A3:66
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:3
intensive low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, A3:71
photograph, A3:224, 231–232, 237, 244
photomicrograph, A3:205, 218, 225–226, 230, 246–247, 280, 309
replacement, B7:3
veins, A3:72
isochrons, magnetic anomalies, A1:47; A3:109

J

joints
basalts, A3:78
reorientation, B11:14–26

L

laminations, basalts, A3:74
lanthanum. See also barium/lanthanum ratio
lanthanum/samarium ratio
basement, B6:4
vs. depth, B6:7
lava flows, lithologic units, A1:26–28; A3:53–55; B1:5–9
lava flows, massive ponded, lithologic units, A1:27–28
lava flows, recrystallized aphanitic
photograph, A3:184, 242
photomicrograph, A3:185
lava ponds
alteration, A3:66–73; B1:6–7
grain size vs. depth, A3:61–63
photograph, A1:74; A3:165–167
photomicrograph, A3:189, 192–193
recrystallized basalts, A3:60–61
textures, A1:29–30; B5:1–32
lead
lava, B1:7
vs. depth, B6:6
lightness. See chromaticity
lithium
pore water, A3:40
vs. depth, A3:149
lithium/calcium ratio
pore water, A3:40
vs. depth, A1:68; A3:150
lithium/magnesium ratio
pore water, A3:40
vs. depth, A1:68; A3:150
lithologic units
igneous rocks, A1:26–28; A3:367; B1:15
sedimentary overburden, A3:22–26, 338
summary, A1:22–23, 111
Unit I, A3:22–24
Unit II, A3:24–26
lithology, prediction based on near-infrared spectroscopy, A3:365
lithostratigraphy
sedimentary overburden, A3:22–26
summary, A1:22–23; A3:119–122
vs. depth, A1:58–59
loss on ignition
lava, A3:65
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:89; A3:200

M

magnesium
hyaloclastite, A3:70
intensive low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, A3:71
pore water, A3:39–40
sediments, A3:42
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A3:149; B3:15
See also lithium/magnesium ratio; potassium/magnesium ratio
magnesium/calcium ratio
pore water, A3:39
veins, B10:2–6
vs. depth, A1:68; A3:150
vs. strontium/calcium ratio, B10:5
magnesium number
lava, A3:65; B1:6; B5:6
vs. depth, A1:85; A3:65, 198
magnesium number, clinopyroxene
vs. aluminum oxide, B5:25
vs. titanium oxide, B5:25
magnesium oxide
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:2–3
phyllosilicates, B7:2–3
vs. depth, A1:82; A3:152, 195
vs. major oxides, A1:88; A3:199
vs. trace elements, A1:89; A3:200
magnetic anomalies
isochrons, A1:47; A3:109; A4:8
profile maps, A4:12, 24, 36, 48
magnetic declination
principal component analysis, A3:135
vs. depth, A1:60–63; A3:132, 142–145, 302–303
magnetic field logs
magnetic field, A3:96–97
vs. depth, A3:324
magnetic inclination
basalts, A1:34; A3:84–85
demagnetization, A3:291–299
magnetic subdivisions, A3:331
vs. depth, A3:132, 142, 302–303
magnetic intensity
sediments, A3:30
split cores, A3:32–33
vs. depth, A3:126, 132, 142, 302–303
magnetic quality index, vs. depth, A3:307
magnetic subdivisions, magnetic inclination, A3:331
magnetic susceptibility
basalts, A3:89
sediments, A3:30–32, 48–49
vs. depth, A3:121–122, 126, 130–131, 156, 302, 312–313; B13:8–10
magnetic susceptibility, loop, vs. depth, A3:130–131
magnetic susceptibility, point, vs. depth, A3:130–131
magnetite
alteration, A3:66
basalts, A1:29
grain size variations of groundmass crystals, B5:22–23
groundmass, A3:57–59
lava ponds, B5:2–3
magmatic veins, A3:63–64
photograph, A3:243
recrystallized basalts, A3:60
rock magnetism, A3:33–34
magnetite, equigranular, photomicrograph, A3:189
magnetite groundmass, grain size vs. depth, A3:190
magnetostratigraphy
datums, A3:35
summary, A1:24, 113; A3:355
vs. depth, A1:60–63; A3:142–145
major elements
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:5–16
sediments, A3:42–43
vs. depth, B3:15
major oxides
basalts, A3:375–382
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:88
manganese
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:3
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A1:81; A3:149, 194; B3:15
manganese/calcium ratio
veins, B10:3–6
vs. strontium/calcium ratio, B10:5
manganese oxide
vs. depth, A3:152
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:88; A3:199
marcasite, halos, A3:68
mass accumulation rates
carbonate crash, B4:1–24
carbonates, B2:9–10
sediments, A3:43–46
vs. age, A3:153; B2:22; B4:21
See also sedimentation rates
mass accumulation rates, bulk sediments, vs. age, B4:22
mass accumulation rates, carbonate
vs. age, B4:22
vs. carbon isotopes, B4:21
mass accumulation rates, organic carbon, vs. age, B4:22
mass accumulation rates, terrigenous, vs. age, B4:22
mass accumulation rates, volcanic ash, vs. age, B4:23
Matuyama Chron. See Brunhes/Matuyama boundary
mesostasis, groundmass, A3:58
metals
mass accumulation rates, A3:45
mass accumulation rates vs. age, A3:153
mica, lithologic units, A3:25
microbial activity
alteration textures, A3:86–87
basalts, A1:34–35; A3:308–309, 390–391
microbiology
basalts, A1:34–35; A3:85–97
basement, A3:85–87
microcataclasite, basalts, A3:78
microcracks, photomicrograph, A3:260, 269
microcrystalline texture, photograph, A1:73; A3:164, 174
microfaults
basalts, A3:78
photomicrograph, A3:281
reorientation, B11:14–26
microlites
groundmass, A3:59
replacement, B7:3
microspheres, basalts, A3:391
microstructures, basalts, A3:73–74
mineral chemistry, lava ponds, B5:6
mineral composition, basalts, B5:24, 29–32
Miocene
carbonate compensation depth, A1:24–25
carbonate crash, A1:24
nannofossil biostratigraphy, A3:27–29; B2:6–8
Miocene, middle, lithologic units, A3:24–26
Miocene, middle–upper, carbonate crash, B1:4–5; B4:1–24
Miocene, middle/upper boundary, nannofossil biostratigraphy, A3:28
Miocene, upper, lithologic units, A3:22–26
Miocene/Pliocene boundary, nannofossil biostratigraphy, B2:6
mixed-layer minerals
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:3
See also chlorite-smectite mixed-layer minerals

N

nannofossil datums
age and depth and zonation, B2:25
correlation with sedimentation, B2:23
nannofossils
diagenesis, B4:6–7
vs. depth, A3:123
nannofossils, calcareous
biostratigraphy, A1:23–24; A3:26–29
datums, A1:112; A3:340
distribution, A3:342–343; B2:24
Neogene datum age vs. depth, A1:64
upper Cenozoic biostratigraphy, B2:1–25
Nazca plate. See Cocos/Nazca/Pacific triple junction
neodymium, lava, B1:7
Neogene, nannofossil datum age vs. depth, A1:64
nickel
hyaloclastite, A3:70
intensive low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, A3:71
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A1:84; A3:197
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:89; A3:200
niobium
vs. depth, A1:83; A3:196; B6:6
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:89; A3:200
vs. zirconium, A1:87; A3:202
niobium–zirconium–yttrium ternary diagram, basalts, A1:86; A3:201
nitrogen, alteration, B1:8
nitrogen isotopes, alteration, B1:8
nodules, chert, lithologic units, A3:25–26
nodules, lithologic units, A1:23
nontronite, halos, A3:68
North Atlantic Deep Water, carbonate compensation depth, B2:10

O

ocean currents, carbonate crash models, B4:10–12
Ocean Drilling Program, in situ basement drilling, A1:3–6
oligoclase, replacement, B7:3
olivine, basalts, A1:28–30; A3:56
olivine phenocrysts, basalts, A1:79; A3:56
olivine replacement, photomicrograph, A3:205–206, 214, 226
ooze, calcareous nannofossil, lithologic units, A3:24–26
ooze, clayey nannofossil, lithologic units, A3:23–24
ooze, sandy silty nannofossil, lithologic units, A3:23–24
opal
photomicrograph, A3:253–254
visible and near-infrared spectroscopy, A3:49
opal, predicted, vs. depth, A3:158
organic matter, sediments, A1:25–26
oxidation halos, photograph, A3:251
oxygen isotopes
carbonate crash, B4:5–6
vs. age, B4:21
vs. carbon isotopes, B4:21

P

Pacific-Cocos Ridge, seafloor spreading, A1:10
Pacific Ocean E equatorial
biostratigraphy, B2:1–25
middle/late Miocene carbonate crash, B4:1–24
upper oceanic crust, B1:1–15
Pacific plate
age map, B1:12
See also Cocos/Nazca/Pacific triple junction; Cocos/Pacific plate boundary
paleoceanography, carbonate crash, B4:1–24
paleoclimatology, carbonate crash, B4:1–24
paleomagnetism
archive-half sections, A3:82–83, 344–348, 385–387
basalts, A1:33–34
basement, A3:80–85
discrete samples, A3:350–351, 384
drilling disturbed intervals, A3:344
igneous rocks, A3:385–387, 389
principal component analysis, A3:349
sedimentary overburden, A3:29–35
split cores, A3:32–33
summary, A1:24
whole-round experiment, A3:83–84
working-half measurements, A3:81–82
Panama Gateway
carbonate compensation depth, B2:10
carbonate crash models, B4:8–10
particulate tracers, microbial activity, A3:86
perfluorocarbon tracers
gas chromatograms, A3:308
microbial activity, A3:86
Peru-Chile Current, carbonate crash, B4:3
petrography
basalts, A3:55–64
lithologic units, A1:28–30
pH
pore water, A3:37–38
vs. depth, A3:147
phenocrysts
basalts, A1:28–30; A3:55–56; B5:5–6
modal abundance, A1:78; A3:175–176
photomicrograph, A3:177–179
vs. depth, A1:71–72; A3:162–163
See also clinopyroxene phenocrysts; olivine phenocrysts; plagioclase phenocrysts
phosphate, pore water, A3:38
phosphorus
intensive low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, A3:71
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
phosphorus oxide
vs. depth, A1:82; A3:195
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:88; A3:199
photoelectric effect logs, vs. depth, A3:322
phyllosilicates
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:1–16
geochemistry, B7:2–3
photograph, A3:234
photomicrograph, A3:209, 221, 239–240, 246–247
phyllosilicates, celadonitic, geochemistry, B7:2–3, 5–11
phyllosilicates, saponitic, geochemistry, B7:2–3, 11
physical properties
basalts, A1:34; A3:388
basement, A3:87–90
lava, B1:8–9
sedimentary overburden, A3:46–49
summary, A1:26
upper oceanic crust, B13:1–11
phytoplankton, carbonate crash models, B4:8–10
pigeonite
groundmass, A3:57–59
photomicrograph, A3:182
pigeonite, prismatic, photomicrograph, A3:182
pillow basalts, photograph, A3:169
pillow lava, lithologic units, A3:54; B1:6–9
plagioclase
basalts, A1:28–30
deformation, A3:73–74
grain size variations of groundmass crystals, B5:22–23
grain size vs. depth, A3:61–63, 187–188; B5:9–10
groundmass, A3:57–59
lava ponds, B5:3
magmatic veins, A3:63–64
photomicrograph, A3:281; B5:17
recrystallized basalts, A3:60; B5:8
See also albite; anorthite
plagioclase, sodic, photomicrograph, A3:182
plagioclase crystals, photomicrograph, A3:260
plagioclase glomerocrysts, photomicrograph, A3:216
plagioclase groundmass, grain size vs. depth, A3:191
plagioclase laths, photomicrograph, A3:177–178, 180, 189, 259; B5:17, 19, 21
plagioclase phenocrysts
basalts, A1:79; A3:56–57
photomicrograph, A1:80; A3:215
plagioclase phenocrysts, zoned, photomicrograph, A3:178
plagioclase replacement, photomicrograph, A3:211, 215–216, 245
Planolites, lithologic units, A3:23–26
plate tectonics, crust, A1:10–11
Pleistocene
lithologic units, A3:22–24
See also Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary
Pliocene
lithologic units, A3:22–24
nannofossil biostratigraphy, A3:27–29; B2:5–6
See also Miocene/Pliocene boundary
Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary
lithologic units, A3:23
nannofossil biostratigraphy, B2:5
pore water, geochemistry, A3:36–41, 357–360
porosity
basalts, A3:88
sediments, A3:47–48
vs. bulk density, A3:315; B13:7
vs. compressional wave velocity, A3:157
vs. depth, A1:69; A3:155, 310–311, 392–394
vs. velocity, A3:48, 316
well-logging, A3:52
porosity logs, vs. depth, A3:161, 322
potassium
hyaloclastite, A3:70
intensive low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, A3:71
pore water, A3:40
sediments, A3:42
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A3:149; B3:15
potassium/calcium ratio
pore water, A3:40
vs. depth, A1:68; A3:150
potassium/magnesium ratio
pore water, A3:40
vs. depth, A1:68; A3:150
potassium/titanium ratio, vs. depth, A1:85; A3:198
potassium logs, vs. depth, A3:161, 323
potassium oxide
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:2–3
lava, A3:65
phyllosilicates, B7:2–3
vs. depth, A1:82; A3:152, 195
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:88; A3:199
preferred orientation, photomicrograph, A3:259
productivity
carbonate crash, B4:1–24
mass accumulation rates, B2:9–10
vs. depth, A1:67; A3:154
productivity proxies, carbonates, B4:7–8
pull-aparts, sigmoidal
photograph, A3:268, 275
veins, A3:75–76
pyrite
alteration, A3:66–73
photograph, A3:208, 232, 243
photomicrograph, A3:205, 222, 227–228
veins, A3:71
pyrite fronts, halos, A3:69
pyroxene. See augite; clinopyroxene; pigeonite

Q

quartz
groundmass, A3:57–59
magmatic veins, A3:63–64
photograph, A3:208, 237
photomicrograph, A3:182, 209–210, 222, 239–240, 246–247
quartz, euhedral, photomicrograph, A3:209, 252
Quaternary, nannofossil biostratigraphy, A3:26–29; B2:4–5
quenched surfaces, lava ponds, B5:2–3

R

radioactivity, well-logging, A3:52
radiolarians, vs. depth, A3:123
rare earths, basement, B1:7; B6:3–4, 8
recrystallization
basalts, A3:59–64
core image, B5:11
folding, A3:75
lava ponds, B5:1–32
photograph, A1:74; A3:167, 242, 265
photomicrograph, A3:270; B5:12–15
textures, B5:12–15
reduction. See sulfate reduction
reflectance
lithologic units, A3:22–26
vs. depth, A3:121–122
vs. wavelength, B12:9
See also chromaticity
remanent magnetization, anhysteretic
discrete samples, A3:33, 352
Lowrie–Fuller tests, A3:141
remanent magnetization, characteristic
basalts, A3:84–85
discrete samples, A3:33
remanent magnetization, isothermal
discrete samples, A3:353
Lowrie–Fuller tests, A3:141
split cores, A3:32–33
remanent magnetization, natural
basalts, A3:84–85
demagnetization, A3:29–30, 304–306
split cores, A3:32–33
resistivity logs, vs. depth, A3:161, 322
reworking, nannofossils, B2:11–12
rock magnetism, titanomagnetite, A3:33–34
rubidium
lava, B1:7
vs. depth, B6:6

S

salinity
pore water, A3:37–38
vs. depth, A3:147
samarium. See lanthanum/samarium ratio
sand
lithologic units, A3:23–26
vs. depth, A3:123
saponite
alteration, A3:66–73; B1:8; B7:1–16
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:2–3, 11
photograph, A3:208, 213, 218–219, 224, 231–232, 237, 242, 284
photomicrograph, A3:205–206, 209, 212, 214–215, 222, 226, 239–240, 269, 279, 309
veinlets, A3:78–79
veins, A1:32; A3:71
saponite fibers, overlapping, photograph, A3:277
saponite fibers, shear, photomicrograph, A3:280–281
scandium
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A1:84; A3:197; B6:6
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:89; A3:200
seafloor spreading
Cocos/Pacific plate boundary, A1:9–10; B1:1–15
depth to velocity inversion vs. spreading rate, A3:106; B1:13
sea level changes, carbonate crash models, B4:12–13
secondary minerals
alteration, A3:66–73
geochemistry, B7:1–16; B8:1–16
total volume in veins and breccia, A1:92
veins, A1:93
vs. depth, A1:91; A3:217, 248–249, 255
sedimentary overburden
biostratigraphy, A3:26–29
downhole measurements, A3:49–52
inorganic geochemistry, A3:36–41
lithostratigraphy, A3:22–26; B1:4–5
paleomagnetism, A3:29–35
physical properties, A3:46–49
preliminary results, A3:1–3
sediment geochemistry, A3:41–46
sedimentation rates, A3:35–36
Site 1256, A3:22–52
sedimentation, upper Cenozoic, B2:1–25
sedimentation rates
sedimentary overburden, A3:29, 35–36; B1:4–5
summary, A1:24–25; A3:146
vs. depth, A1:65; A3:146
See also mass accumulation rates
sedimentation rates, linear
biostratigraphy, B2:9–10
data, A3:356
sediments
geochemistry, A3:41–46; B3:1–26
summary, A1:22–23
X-ray diffraction data, A3:339
sediments, bulk
geochemistry, A3:361–364
vs. age, B4:22–23
Site 1256, B2:22
sediments, interflow
alteration, A3:69
photograph, A3:242–243
vs. depth, A3:204, 233, 255
seismic profiles, Site GUATB-03, A1:53–54
seismic sections, multichannel, vs. two-way travel time, A4:14–21, 26–33, 38–45
seismic surveys, Cruise EW9903, A4:1–49
seismic tracks, multichannel, maps, A4:10, 34, 46
shear bands, basalts, A3:76
shear structures, basalts, A3:74–75
sheet flows
lithologic units, A1:27–28; A3:53
photograph, A1:73, 75; A3:164, 168
silica
alteration, A3:66
hyaloclastite, A3:70
intensive low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, A3:71
photograph, A3:218, 232, 242, 244
photomicrograph, A3:279
pore water, A3:39
sediments, A3:42
titanium hydrogarnet, B9:2–6
vs. depth, A1:81; A3:148, 152, 194, 255
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:88; A3:199
silica, biogenic
mass accumulation rates, A3:45
mass accumulation rates vs. age, A3:153
vs. age, B2:22
vs. depth, A1:66; A3:151
silicification, lithologic units, A1:23
silicon
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, B3:15
silt
lithologic units, A3:23–26
vs. depth, A3:123
Site 998, carbonate and volcanic ash mass accumulation rates vs. age, B4:23
Site 999, carbonate and volcanic ash mass accumulation rates vs. age, B4:23
Site 1256, A3:1–396
background and objectives, A3:5–9
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:1–16
basement trace elements, B6:1–10
bathymetry, A1:49–52
calcium carbonate veins, B10:1–6
coring summary, A1:108; A3:335
downhole measurements, A1:35
drilling summary, A1:1–117
geology, A1:10–11
lava pond textures, B5:1–32
lithostratigraphy vs. depth, A1:58–59
location, A1:56; A3:114
operations, A1:13–22, 105–107, 109–110; A3:9–21, 332–334, 336–337
physical properties of upper oceanic crust, B13:1–11
preliminary results, A3:1–5
principal results, A1:22–36
reconstruction of site, A1:48; A3:107
reentry cone, A1:57
secondary mineral chemistry, B7:1–16
sediment geochemistry, B3:1–26
sedimentary overburden, A3:22–52
site description, A3:1–396
structure reorientation, B11:1–26
titanium hydrogarnets, B9:1–6
upper Cenozoic nannofossil biostratigraphy, B2:1–25
upper oceanic crust hydration, B12:1–13
whole-core images, A1:35–36
Site ALIJOS, bathymetry, A1:52
Site GUATB-01, bathymetry, A1:51
Site GUATB-02, bathymetry, A1:50; A3:111
Site GUATB-03
bathymetry, A1:49; A3:110
seismic profiles, A1:53–54
site survey results, Guatemala Basin, A1:11–13
Skolithos, lithologic units, A3:23–26
smear slide data, vs. depth, A3:123
smectite
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:2–3
spectroscopy, B12:1–13
vs. depth, B12:12–13
See also chlorite–smectite mixed-layer minerals
smectite, predicted, vs. depth, A3:158
sodium
pore water, A3:37–38
sediments, A3:42
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A3:147; B3:15
sodium/chloride ratio, vs. depth, A3:147
sodium oxide
vs. depth, A1:82; A3:152, 195
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:88; A3:199
South Equatorial Current, carbonate crash, B4:3
spectroscopy, visible and near-infrared
basalts, A3:90
hydration indicator, B12:1–13
sediments, A3:49; B1:5
stable isotopes
alteration, B1:8
carbonate crash, B4:5–6
stratigraphy, epoch boundaries, A3:341
strontium
lava, A3:65; B1:7
pore water, A3:39–40
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A1:83; A3:149, 152, 196; B3:15; B6:6
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:89; A3:200
strontium/calcium ratio
pore water, A3:40
sediments, A1:26; A3:150
veins, B10:2–6
vs. depth, A1:68
vs. iron/calcium ratio, B10:5
vs. magnesium/calcium ratio, B10:5
vs. manganese/calcium ratio, B10:5
strontium isotopes, veins, B10:3–6
structural geology, basement, A3:73–80
structures
dip, A3:287, 289
orientation, A3:80
reorientation, B11:1–26
rose diagrams, A1:98; A3:288, 290
veins, A1:32–33
vs. depth, A1:96–97; A3:257–258
structures, brittle-ductile, photomicrograph, A3:264
structures, ductile, photomicrograph, A3:264
structures, wrinklelike, photograph, A3:272
sulfate
pore water, A3:38
sediments, A1:25–26
vs. depth, A3:148
sulfate reduction, pore water, A3:38
sulfides, photomicrograph, A3:279

T

tantalum, vs. depth, B6:6
temperature
downhole measurements, A3:49–50
vs. depth, A1:70; A3:160
tension gashes
photograph, A3:267
photomicrograph, A3:280
veins, A3:75–76
terrigenous material
mass accumulation rates, A3:44
mass accumulation rates vs. age, A3:153
vs. age, B2:22; B4:22–23
vs. depth, A1:66; A3:151
textures
basalts, B5:1–32
groundmass, A3:58–59
recrystallization, B5:12–15
textures, cryptocrystalline
photograph, A1:73, 77; A3:164, 174
photomicrograph, A3:259
recrystallized basalts, A3:60–61
textures, euhedral, basalts, A1:28–30
textures, fibrous, lava ponds, B5:3
textures, granophyric
photograph, A3:208
photomicrograph, A3:182, 209–210, 222
textures, holohyaline, recrystallized basalts, A3:60–61
textures, ophitic, photomicrograph, A3:178
textures, plumose, groundmass, A3:58–59; B5:8
textures, poikilitic, photomicrograph, A3:183
textures, soggy phone book, photograph, A3:127
textures, variolitic
groundmass, A3:58–59
lava ponds, B5:2–3
photomicrograph, A3:180–181; B5:8
thermal conductivity
basalts, A3:89
sediments, A3:49
vs. depth, A1:70; A3:156, 160, 312–313
thorium, vs. depth, B6:6
thorium/uranium ratio
basement, B6:3
vs. depth, B6:7
thorium logs, vs. depth, A3:161, 323
titanite
alteration, B1:8
photomicrograph, A3:205
titanium
intensive low-temperature hydrothermal alteration, A3:71; B1:7
sediments, A3:42
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, B3:15
See also aluminum/titanium ratio; barium/titanium ratio; iron–titanium oxide; iron/titanium ratio; potassium/titanium ratio; zirconium/titanium ratio
titanium oxide
basalts, A1:30–31
titanium hydrogarnet, B9:2–6
vs. depth, A1:81; A3:64–65, 152, 194; B5:6
vs. magnesium number of clinopyroxene, B5:25
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:88; A3:199
vs. zirconium, A1:87; A3:65, 202
titanomagnetite, rock magnetism, A3:33–34
trace elements
basalts, A1:30–31; A3:375–382
basement, B6:1–10
basement secondary mineral geochemistry, B8:5–16
sediments, A3:42–43
vs. depth, B3:15
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:89
trace fossils, lithologic units, A3:22–26
transport, downslope, sediments, B2:11–12

U

ultrasonic borehole imaging logs, vs. depth, A3:322, 325–327, 330
underway geophysics, Cruise EW9903, A4:1–49
uplifts, carbonate crash models, B4:10–12
uranium
vs. depth, B6:6
See also thorium/uranium ratio
uranium logs, vs. depth, A3:161, 323

V

vanadium
shipboard vs. shore-based digestion, B3:14
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A1:84; A3:197
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:89; A3:200
vein networks, photograph, A3:274
veinlets
folding, A3:75
photograph, A3:272
photomicrograph, A3:266, 269
saponite, A3:78–79
veins
alteration, A1:31–32; A3:66, 68, 71–72
alteration halos, A3:218
microbial alteration textures, A3:86–87
photograph, A3:213, 218–219, 224, 231–232, 269, 273–274
photomicrograph, A3:205–212, 225, 269–270, 309
reorientation, B11:14–26
secondary minerals, A1:93
structures, A1:32–33; A3:75–76
types and geometry, A3:76–78
vs. depth, A3:204, 248–249
veins, carbonate
composition, A1:31–32; A3:72
geochemistry, B10:1–6
vs. depth, A3:248–249
veins, celadonite
composition, A3:71–72
photograph, A3:251
vs. depth, A3:248–249
veins, composite, photomicrograph, A3:278–280
veins, conjugate set
photograph, A3:276
types and geometry, A3:77
veins, fibrous, types and geometry, A3:77–78
veins, iron oxyhydroxide
composition, A3:72
photograph, A3:251
veins, late magmatic
basalts, A3:63–64; B5:5–6
photograph, A3:208
photomicrograph, A3:192–193, 222
veins, pyrite
composition, A3:72
photomicrograph, A3:250
vs. depth, A3:248–249, 255
veins, saponite
composition, A3:71
photograph, A3:252
photomicrograph, A3:253–254
vs. depth, A3:248–249, 255
veins, secondary minerals, vs. depth, A1:94
veins, shear
photograph, A3:277
reorientation, B11:14–26
veins, silica
composition, A3:72
photograph, A3:252
photomicrograph, A3:253–254
vs. depth, A3:248–249
veins, stepped, photograph, A3:275
velocity
vs. bulk density, A3:314
vs. depth, A1:55; A3:310–311, 392–394
vs. porosity, A3:48, 316
See also compressional wave velocity
velocity, horizontal, vs. vertical velocity, A3:317
velocity, one-dimensional model, inversion of refraction data, A1:55
velocity, vertical, vs. horizontal velocity, A3:317
vesicles
photograph, A1:75; A3:168–169
photomicrograph, A3:206, 214, 226, 230, 262, 269
vesicles, flattened, basalts, A3:74
vesicles, pipe, photograph, A3:169
volcanic ash
lithologic units, A3:23–26
vs. age, B4:23
volcanic ash layers, photograph, A3:124
volcanic glass
alteration, A3:67
groundmass, A3:57–59
lithologic units, A1:27–28, 116–117; A3:54–55
microbial alteration textures, A3:86
photograph, A1:76; A3:170–171, 234–235
photomicrograph, A3:240
See also glass shards; glassy margins
volcanic glass, altered, photograph, A1:77
volcaniclastics
lithologic units, A3:54–55
photograph, A1:77; A3:172
volcanism, stratigraphy, B1:8–9
vugs
photograph, A3:218, 252
photomicrograph, A3:246–247

W

water content
sediments, A3:392–394
spectroscopy, B12:10
well-log Interval 1, basalts, A3:95
well-log Interval 2, basalts, A3:95–96
well-log Interval 3, basalts, A3:96
well-logging
basalts, A3:93–97
operations, A3:321, 396
vs. depth, A1:101

X

X-ray diffraction data, sediments, A3:339, 383

Y

yttrium
vs. depth, A1:83; A3:152, 196; B6:6
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:89; A3:200
See also niobium–zirconium–yttrium ternary diagram; zirconium/yttrium ratio

Z

zirconium
basalts, A1:30–31
lava, A3:65
shore-based flux vs. shore-based microwave acid digestion, B3:12–13
vs. depth, A1:83; A3:64–65, 196; B6:6
vs. magnesium oxide, A1:89; A3:200
vs. niobium, A1:87; A3:202
vs. titanium oxide, A1:87; A3:65, 202
See also niobium–zirconium–yttrium ternary diagram
zirconium/titanium ratio
lava, A3:65
vs. depth, A1:85; A3:198
zirconium/yttrium ratio
basement, B6:3
lava, A3:65
vs. depth, A1:85; A3:198; B6:7
Zoophycos
lithologic units, A3:24–26
photograph, A3:125

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