SUBJECT INDEX

A

A Hiatus

early Oligocene, A7:24

late Miocene–Pleistocene sequence, A5:24

A Horizon

seismic profiles, B1:26

tectonics, B1:5

acridine orange direct counts, microbiology, B13:1–6

age vs. depth, models, A4:21, 54, 97–100; A5:23–24, 64, 102–104; A6:27, 60–61, 96–97; A7: 23–24, 58, 97–99; A8:22–23, 55

Albian

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:13, 15–16

lithologic units, A4:9; A5:8–9; A7:10; A8:9

magnetostratigraphy, A7:21, 52–53

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A4:13; A5:14; A7:13; A8:14

oceanic anoxic events, A10:7

sedimentation rates, A8:23

See also Coniacian–Albian sequence

Albian, lower, lithologic units, A5:9

Albian, upper

geologic history, A1:4

paleoceanography, B1:5–6

paleogeography, B2:21

Albian/Cenomanian boundary, foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A7:14

Albian–Eocene sequence, paleomagnetism, B3:33

Albian–Santonian sequence, magnetostratigraphy, A4:19

algae, aquatic, chromatograms, A10:17

algae, biomarkers, A10:5–6

aliphatic fraction, biomarkers, A10:5

alkalinity

bioreactors, A7:29

pore water, A5:26

vs. depth, A4:57; A5:67; A6:66; A7:62; A8:58

alkanes. See n-alkanes

alkanes, acyclic, biomarkers, A10:5–6

alkenones, biomarkers, A10:7

alteration. See authigenesis; chemical index of alteration; diagenesis

aluminum. See arsenic/aluminum ratio; barium/aluminum ratio; calcium/aluminum ratio; copper/aluminum ratio; magnesium/aluminum ratio; manganese/aluminum ratio; molybdenum/aluminum ratio; nickel/aluminum ratio; strontium/aluminum ratio; trace metals/aluminum ratio; uranium/aluminum ratio; vanadium/aluminum ratio; zinc/aluminum ratio

aluminum oxide

lithologic units, B8:4–7

vs. titanium oxide, B8:20

vs. zirconium, B8:20

ammonites

Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, A1:7

lithologic units, A5:9

photomicrograph, A5:50

ammonium

pore water, A5:26

vs. depth, A1:79; A4:57; A5:67; A6:66; A7:62; A8:58; B1:22; B9:14–15

vs. sulfate, A6:69

angiosperms, Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, A1:7

anoxic conditions

black shale, A10:12

mid-Cenomanian Event, B1:6

Aptian–Santonian sequence, magnetostratigraphic correlation, B3:14

aquifers, brines, A4:26–27; A6:32; A8:28–29

aragonite, black shale, A4:26

Archaea, lipids, B1:9; B12:4–5

arenite, lithologic units, A6:8

aromatic fraction, biomarkers, A10:7

arsenic/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:25

Atlantic Ocean, Early Cretaceous linkage of southern and northern parts, B1:11

Atlantic Ocean equatorial

gateway opening, A1:13–14

geologic history, A1:3–4

morphologic map, B1:17

Aucellina, lithologic units, A8:9

authigenesis, black shale, A5:28

B

B Hiatus

late Eocene–middle Miocene sequence, A5:24

late–middle Eocene sequence, A7:24

B Horizon, sediments, A6:36

B´ Horizon, sediments, A6:36

bacteria, lipids, B12:4

barite

black shale, A5:28

lithologic units, A6:8; A8:6–7; B8:10

barium

bioreactors, A7:28

black shale, A4:25; A5:28

lithologic units, B8:9–10

vs. depth, A1:79; A4:57; A5:67; A6:66; A7:62; A8:58; B1:22; B9:14–15

barium/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:10, 25

bathymetry, A3:3, 5

bedding planes

photomicrograph, A5:50

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:29

bioclastics, lithologic units, A6:9; B8:4–11

biogeochemistry, molecular, Cretaceous black shales, A10:1–22

biomarkers

Cretaceous black shale, A10:5–7

organic matter, A10:19–22

bioreactors, black shale, A5:27–29; A6:30–32; A7:27–29; B1:8–9

biosphere, active deep, Cretaceous–Paleogene depth transect, B1:1–26

biostratigraphic datums, sedimentation rates, A8:89

biostratigraphy

Cretaceous, A1:69

Demerara Rise, A1:39–42

Paleogene, A1:67

silicoflagellates, B4:5–6

Site 1257, A4:11–16

Site 1258, A5:10–18

Site 1259, A6:11–21

Site 1260, A7:11–18

Site 1261, A8:10–19

biotic turnover, paleoclimatology, A1:6–8

bioturbation

lithologic units, A4:8; A5:5–9; A6:5–8; A7:5–11; A8:5–9

photograph, A6:46

bivalves

Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, A1:7

lithologic units, A5:9; A6:9

photomicrograph, A5:50

black shale

bioreactors, A7:27–29; B1:8–9

biostratigraphy, A1:42

carbon/nitrogen ratio, A5:25; B1:8–9

Cenomanian, B1:6

Coniacian–Albian sequence, A1:21

core-log correlation, B14:15

deposition, B1:4–5

diagenesis bioreactor, A4:24–26; A5:27–29; A6:30–32

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A8:18

geologic history, A1:3–4

intact membrane lipids, B12:1–11

lithologic units, A5:8–10

lithostratigraphy, A1:38–39

log-adjusted depth scales, B14:1–29

mass accumulation rates, A8:23–24

microbial gases, A9:1–15

microbiology, B13:1–6

molecular biogeochemistry, A10:1–22

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A5:13

oceanic anoxic events, A1:5

organic matter, A6:28–29

oxygen isotopes, B11:1–13

paleoenvironment, A10:9

photograph, A5:48, 51–53; A8:46

stable isotopes, B6:1–23

stratigraphy, A1:81

sulfur-iron-carbon system, B9:1–23

total organic carbon, A4:73; A7:37, 78

well-logging, A4:33; A5:37; A8:73

well-logs, A4:72

black shale, laminated

photograph, A8:46–48

photomicrograph, A5:50

blebs, lithologic units, A4:5

"Bonarelli Event," Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, A1:5

boreholes, enlargement, A4:34

boron

black shale, A4:26

pore water, A6:32; A8:28

vs. depth, A4:58; A5:68; A6:67; A7:63; A8:59

Bottryococcus braunii, paleoenvironment, A10:9

brines, aquifers, A4:26–27; A6:32; A8:28–29

burrows

Cretaceous–Paleocene sequence, A1:25

lithologic units, A4:5–8; A6:5–8; A7:5–9

photograph, A4:40, 43; A5:48; A6:43–51

C

C Hiatus

earliest Paleocene, A5:24

early Eocene, A7:24

C Horizon

sediments, A6:36

structural evolution, B1:4–12

surface map, A1:88

vs. two-way traveltime, A6:77

calcispheres, lithologic units, A7:7

calcite

black shale, A4:26

lithologic units, A7:7–10

vs. depth, A4:72

calcite, diagenetic

lithologic units, A5:9; A6:9

photograph, A5:53; A8:47

calcite cement, photograph, A6:49

calcite fans, diagenetic botryoidal, photograph, A8:47

calcite logs, vs. depth, A5:79–81; A7:71–72, 75–77; A8:69, 72–73

calcite stringers, lithologic units, A6:9

calcium

bioreactors, A7:28

black shale, A4:25; A5:28

brine aquifers, A8:28–29

organic matter, A8:27–28

pore water, A6:31

vs. depth, A4:58; A5:68; A6:67; A7:63; A8:59

vs. strontium, A8:62

calcium/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:23

calcium/chloride ratio

pore water, A6:32

vs. depth, A6:68; A8:60

vs. lithium/chloride ratio, A6:71

calcium oxide, lithologic units, B8:6–7

caliper logs, vs. depth, A4:67, 69–70, 72; A5:77, 79–81; A7:70, 72, 75–77; A8:67, 69, 71–73

Campanian

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:15; A6:20; A7:16; A8:17–18

geologic history, A1:4

lithologic units, A4:7–8; A5:7–8; A6:7–8

magnetostratigraphy, A7:21; A8:21, 52–53; B3:8

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A5:13; A6:15; A8:13

radiolarian biostratigraphy, A4:16; A5:18; A6:21; A7:18; A8:19

Campanian, lower

lithologic units, A7:7, 9

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A4:12

paleoceanography, B1:5–6

Campanian, upper

lithologic units, A7:8–9; A8:7–8

stable isotopes, B7:1–9

Campanian–Eocene sequence, magnetostratigraphy, B3:1–48

Campanian–Maastrichtian sequence

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A7:14

magnetic susceptibility, A1:75

magnetostratigraphic correlation, B3:14

magnetostratigraphy, A5:21; A6:25; B3:9–13

paleomagnetism, B3:31–32, 34–35

radiolarian biostratigraphy, A4:16

sedimentation rates, A8:90

Campanian–middle Eocene sequence, magnetostratigraphy, A7:52–53

Canje Formation, geologic history, A1:4

carbon

sediments, B9:1–23

See also sulfur/carbon ratio

carbon, carbonate

Albian–Santonian sequence, B11:1–13

oxygen isotopes, B11:4–5

carbon, inorganic

Albian–Santonian sequence, B11:1–13

sediments, A4:23, 101–103; A5:24, 106–110; A6:28, 99–101; A7:25, 101–103; A8:24, 92–93

carbon, organic

Albian–Santonian sequence, B11:1–13

nitrogen isotopes, B11:4

sediments, A5:24; B11:3–4

vs. depth, A4:42

carbon, total, sediments, A4:101–103; A5:106–110; A6:99–101; A7:101–103; A8:92–93

carbon, total inorganic

vs. calcium oxide, B8:22

vs. depth, B9:17–18

vs. magnesium oxide, B8:22

vs. manganese oxide, B8:22

vs. strontium, B8:22

carbon, total organic

black shale, A4:73; A7:37, 78

cyclostratigraphy, B2:13

oceanic anoxic events, A1:4–6

sediments, A4:23, 101–103; A5:106–110; A6:26, 99–101; A7:25, 101–104; A8:24, 92–93; A9:3–6

vs. carbon/nitrogen ratio, A1:78

vs. depth, A4:73; A5:45, 82; A6:41; A7:78; A8:41, 74; A9:12–16; B9:17–18

vs. methane, A6:65; A7:61; A9:7–8, 18

vs. nitrogen isotopes, B11:10

vs. pyrite and organic sulfur, B9:20–21

vs. total organic carbon/total nitrogen ratio, B11:9

well-log units, A8:36–37

carbon, total organic/total nitrogen ratio

sediments, B11:3–4

vs. total organic carbon, B11:9

carbon/nitrogen ratio

black shale, A5:25; B1:8–9

iron isotopes, B10:8

organic matter sources, A7:25–26; A8:24–25

sediments, A4:23, 101–103; A5:106–110; A6:28–29, 99–101; A7:101–103; A8:92–93

vs. depth, B10:12

vs. total organic carbon, A1:78

carbon dioxide

methanogenesis, A9:6–8

vs. methane, A9:17

vs. total inorganic carbon, B8:22

carbon isotopes

Campanian–Maastrichtian sequence, B7:3

cyclostratigraphy, B2:10, 28

lower–middle Eocene, B1:25

Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, B1:21

oceanic anoxic events, A1:5

Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum, B1:24

paleoclimatology, B1:7–8

Paleogene, B6:10

planktonic foraminifers, B6:3–4

vs. age, B7:7

vs. depth, B1:21; B2:28; B7:6

vs. oxygen isotopes, B6:19

carbon number, n-alkanes, A10:8–9

carbonate compensation depth, lithologic units, A7:11

carbonate content

cyclostratigraphy, B2:8–12

photoelectric effect logs, A5:83

sediments, A4:5–11, 101–103; A6:28, 99–101; A7:101–103; A9:3–6

vs. depth, A4:42; A5:45, 72–74; A6:41; A8:41; A9:12–16

carbonate detritus, lithologic units, B8:4–11

carbonate-rich intervals, mid-Cretaceous, B2:6–8

carbonates

black shale, A5:28–29

recrystallization, A7:29

scatter plots, B8:22

subduction, A1:10

carbonates, bulk, stable isotopes, B7:1–9

carbonates, diagenetic, mid-Cretaceous, B2:7

CARD-FISH, microbiology, B13:1–6

catalyzed reporter deposition–fluorescence in situ hybridization, microbiology, B13:1–6

Cenomanian

black shale, B1:6

cyclostratigraphy, B2:12, 25

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:15; A5:17; A8:18

lithologic units, A4:8–9; A6:8–9

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A5:14; A6:15; A7:13; A8:14

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:30

See also Albian/Cenomanian boundary; Coniacian–Cenomanian sequence; mid-Cenomanian Event; Santonian–Cenomanian sequence

Cenomanian, upper, lithologic units, A8:8–9

Cenomanian–Maastrichtian sequence, magnetostratigraphy, A4:19

Cenomanian/Turonian boundary

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A7:17

Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, A1:5; B1:6–7

Cenozoic, paleoclimatology, A1:64

cerium anomaly, lithologic units, B8:8, 27

chalk

lithologic units, A5:8–10

photograph, A5:47

chalk, bioturbated calcareous, photograph, A5:46

chalk, bioturbated foraminifer nannofossil, photograph, A7:44

chalk, calcareous

lithologic units, A5:5–7; A8:6

photograph, A8:45

chalk, clayey, lithologic units, A4:9; A6:8–9; A7:9–10; A8:8–9

chalk, clayey nannofossil

lithologic units, A5:8–10; A6:7; A7:7–9

photograph, A6:43; A7:46

chalk, foraminifer nannofossil

lithologic units, A4:7; A6:5–6

photograph, A5:46; A6:42

chalk, glauconite-rich clayey, photograph, A8:46

chalk, laminated nannofossil, photograph, A8:47

chalk, nannofossil

lithologic units, A4:5–8; A5:5–7; A6:6–8; A7:5–9; A8:6–8

photograph, A4:40; A6:43

chalk, nannofossil-rich, photograph, A5:46

chalk, radiolarian, lithologic units, A7:5–6

chalk, radiolarian nannofossil, photograph, A7:44

chalk, siliceous nannofossil, lithologic units, A4:5–7

checkshot surveys

acoustic traveltime, A4:34–35

data, A4:111; A7:37–38, 113; A8:103

chemical index of alteration

lithologic units, B8:6

vs. weathering factor, B8:19

chert, lithologic units, A7:6–7

Chicxulub impact structure, critical events, A1:12–13

chloride

brine aquifers, A8:28–29

brines, A6:32

pore water, A4:26–27; A5:26

vs. depth, A1:79; A4:57; A5:67; A6:66; A7:62; A8:58

vs. lithium, A4:59

See also calcium/chloride ratio; lithium/chloride ratio; magnesium/chloride ratio; potassium/chloride ratio; sodium/chloride ratio; strontium/chloride ratio

chloride, low, anomalies, A5:30; A7:29–30

chlorinity, pore water, A5:30

Chlorobiaceae, biomarkers, A10:7

cholestane, biomarkers, A10:6

Chondrites

lithologic units, A4:5–7; A5:5–7; A6:5–8; A7:5–9; A8:7–8

photograph, A6:47

chromium, Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, B1:23

Chron C5D, magnetostratigraphy, A6:23

Chron C5E, magnetostratigraphy, A6:23

Chron C6C, magnetostratigraphy, A6:23

Chron C6n, magnetostratigraphy, A6:23

Chron C10r–C12 interval, magnetostratigraphy, A6:23

Chron C12n, magnetostratigraphy, A4:18

Chron C12r, magnetostratigraphy, A4:18

Chron C13n, magnetostratigraphy, A4:18

Chron C15n, magnetostratigraphy, A4:18; A6:24; B3:9, 12, 15

Chron C15r, magnetostratigraphy, A6:24

Chron C16n, magnetostratigraphy, A4:18

Chron C17–C20 interval, magnetostratigraphy, A4:18

Chron C17n, magnetostratigraphy, A4:18; B3:15

Chron C17r, magnetostratigraphy, B3:9

Chron C18n, magnetostratigraphy, B3:9, 15

Chron C18n–C27r interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:16

Chron C18r, magnetostratigraphy, B3:11

Chron C18r–C21n interval, magnetostratigraphy, A6:24; B3:12

Chron C18r–C21r interval, magnetostratigraphy, A7:20

Chron C18r–C23n interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:11

Chron C18r–C24r interval, magnetostratigraphy, A6:24

Chron C19r, magnetostratigraphy, A8:21

Chron C19r–C21r interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:13

Chron C20n, magnetostratigraphy, A7:20; B3:9

Chron C20r, magnetostratigraphy, A4:19; A7:20; B3:9

Chron C21n, magnetostratigraphy, A7:20; A8:21; B3:12

Chron C21n–C22n interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:12

Chron C21r, magnetostratigraphy, A5:20; A8:21; B3:11

Chron C22n, magnetostratigraphy, A7:20; A8:21; B3:10, 13, 15

Chron C22n–C23n interval, magnetostratigraphy, A6:24

Chron C22r, magnetostratigraphy, A8:21; B3:10, 13

Chron C23n, magnetostratigraphy, A5:20; A7:21; A8:21; B3:10

Chron C23r, magnetostratigraphy, A6:24; A8:21; B3:10, 13

Chron C23r–C24n interval, magnetostratigraphy, A5:20

Chron C24n, magnetostratigraphy, A4:19; A5:20; A6:24; A8:21; B3:8–9, 11

Chron C24r

magnetic polarity, B3:6, 15

magnetostratigraphy, A5:20; A6:24; A7:21; A8:21; B3:8–12

Chron C24r–C25n–C25r–C26n interval, magnetostratigraphy, A4:19

Chron C24r–C25r–C26n–C26r interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:10

Chron C24r–C26n interval, magnetostratigraphy, A7:21

Chron C24r–C27n interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:13

Chron C25n

composite record, A4:21

magnetostratigraphy, A6:25; B3:8–9

Chron C25n–C26r interval, magnetostratigraphy, A5:21

Chron C25r, magnetostratigraphy, B3:8–9

Chron C25r–C26n–C26r interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:11

Chron C25r–C26r interval, magnetostratigraphy, A6:25

Chron C25r–C27n interval, magnetostratigraphy, A8:21

Chron C26n

composite record, A4:21

magnetostratigraphy, A4:19; B3:8–9, 12

Chron C29r

critical events, A1:12–13; B3:14

magnetostratigraphy, A5:21; A7:21; B3:9, 12–13

Chron C29r–C30n interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:11

Chron C29r–C31 interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:16

Chron C29r–C31r interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:11, 13

Chron C30n, magnetostratigraphy, A5:21

Chron C30n–C31n interval, magnetostratigraphy, A8:21

Chron C30n–C31r interval, magnetostratigraphy, A6:25

Chron C30n–C34n interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:9

Chron C31n, magnetostratigraphy, B3:12

Chron C31n–C31r interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:11

Chron C31r

Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, A1:7

magnetostratigraphy, A4:19; A8:21; B3:8, 13

Chron C32n–C32r–uppermost C33n interval, magnetostratigraphy, A4:19

Chron C32n–C33n interval, magnetostratigraphy, B3:8

Chron C33n, magnetostratigraphy, A4:19

Chron C33r, magnetostratigraphy, B3:13

Chron C34n

magnetic polarity, B3:7, 14

magnetostratigraphy, A4:19; A5:21; B3:14

tectonics, A1:9–10

chronostratigraphy, hiatuses, B1:11

clasts

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A8:15–16

lithologic units, A5:8–9; A8:4–6

photograph, A4:44

sediments, A4:8

clay

lithologic units, A4:5–9; A5:5–7; A6:7–8; A7:4–11; A8:6–8

organic matter, A8:27–28

photograph, A6:47–48; A7:45; A8:45

photomicrograph, A5:50

clay, calcareous nannofossil

lithologic units, A5:7–8

photograph, A5:48

clay, laminated, photograph, A7:45

clay, nannofossil

lithologic units, A4:5; A7:4; A8:4–6

photograph, A8:43

clay, pale olive, photograph, A4:40

clay/organic matter intervals, photograph, A5:51

clay minerals, black shale, A4:26

claystone

debris flows, B14:6

lithologic units, A5:8–9; A8:6–8

photograph, A6:46

claystone, calcareous

lithologic units, A4:9; A7:7, 9–10; A8:8–9

photograph, A7:47

photomicrograph, A7:49

claystone, calcareous laminated, lithologic units, A6:8–9

claystone, glauconitic

lithologic units, A6:8

photograph, A6:46

claystone, laminated, photograph, A6:49–50; A8:47

claystone, nannofossil, photograph, A7:45

claystone, organic-rich, photograph, A7:48

claystone, phosphatic calcareous, lithologic units, A5:9

claystone, silty

lithologic units, A6:9

photograph, A6:51

claystone, silty calcareous, lithologic units, A4:9

clinoptilolite, lithologic units, A5:10; A6:10

cobalt, Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, B1:23

coccoliths, cyclostratigraphy, B2:14

collophane, lithologic units, A5:8; A6:9

Colombia, geologic history, A1:4

color banding, lithologic units, A4:6; A7:7

color change

cyclostratigraphy, B2:8–12

lithologic units, A4:5–8; A5:5–8; A6:5–8; A7:4–11; A8:4–9

photograph, A4:40; A5:47; A6:42; A7:44–46

compaction

cyclostratigraphy, B2:8–10

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:31

composite depth

Site 1257, A4:20–21, 95

Site 1258, A5:21–23, 100

Site 1259, A6:25–26, 94

Site 1260, A7:21–23, 95

Site 1261, A8:22, 87

composite section, tie points, B14:27–29

compressibility, sediments, B15:1–35

compressional wave velocity

composite depth, A4:20

discrete samples, A4:110; A5:117; A6:110; A7:112; A8:102

vs. depth, A4:62; A5:70–71; A7:66–67; A8:64

compressional wave velocity anisotropy, vs. depth, A8:64

conglomerate

lithologic units, A8:4–6

photograph, A8:44

Coniacian

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A8:18

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A4:12; A5:14; A6:15; A8:14

sedimentation rates, A8:23

Coniacian–Albian sequence, black shale, A1:21

Coniacian–Cenomanian sequence, lithologic units, A7:9–10

Coniacian/Santonian boundary, transmission light microscope photograph, B2:29

Coniacian–Santonian sequence, foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:15

conjugate margins, mid-Cretaceous, B2:3–5

copper, lithologic units, B8:10

copper/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:25

coproliths, photograph, A5:51

core-log correlation

tie points, B14:24–25

vs. depth, A4:68; B14:13, 15, 20, 23

coring, minicore directions, A4:92–94; A5:99; A6:91–93; A7:92–94; A8:85–86

Cretaceous

biostratigraphy, A1:69

black shale, A10:1–22; B14:1–29

intact membrane lipids, B12:1–11

lithology, A1:70

paleoclimatology, A1:8–11

stable isotopes, B6:3–4

stratigraphy, A1:1–89

Cretaceous, mid

oceanic anoxic events, A1:62

organic-rich interval iron isotopes, B10:1–14

sediments, B2:1–31

Cretaceous, Upper

paleoclimatology, B1:7–8

paleogeography, A1:60

Cretaceous–Eocene sequence, magnetostratigraphy, A5:58–59; A6:54–55

Cretaceous Magnetic Superchron, tectonics, A1:9–10

Cretaceous–Miocene sequence, mass accumulation rates, A6:27–28

Cretaceous–Neogene sequence, depositional history, A1:50–51

Cretaceous Normal Polarity Superchron, magnetostratigraphy, A4:19

Cretaceous–Paleogene depth transect, paleoceanography, B1:1–26

Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary

biostratigraphy, A1:41–42; B1:9–10

critical events, A1:12–13, 30–31

extinction events, A1:7–8

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A5:16–17; A7:16–17; A8:17

foraminifers, B1:9–10

gamma rays, A5:32

hiatuses, A4:28–29

iridium and chromium, B1:23

lithologic units, A5:6–7; A6:7–8; A7:7–11; A8:7–9

lithostratigraphy, A1:37–38

magnetostratigraphy, A6:25

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:14; A8:13

photograph, A4:44; A5:46; A6:43–44; A7:45

physical properties vs. depth, A6:74–75

sedimentation rates, A8:23

sedimentation rates and mass accumulation rates, A1:44

stratigraphy, A1:20–21

well-logs, A5:77–78

crust, continental, geologic history, A1:3–4

cyanobacteria, biomarkers, A10:5–6

cyclicity, photograph, A5:51

cyclostratigraphy, A1:44–45

Eocene, B1:10

mid-Cretaceous, B2:1–31

oceanic anoxic events, A1:5–6

D

D Hiatus, late Paleocene, A7:24

Danian

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A6:19

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:14

See also Maastrichtian–Danian sequence

Danian, lower, foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A5:16

Danian/Selandian boundary, foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A8:17

debris flows

lithologic units, A8:10

photograph, A8:43–44

well-logging, A8:72

well-logs, B14:6

deep water, temperature, A1:10

deformation, photograph, A4:41

demagnetization, alternating-field, sediments, A7:18; A8:19–20; B3:21–22

demagnetization, thermal, mineralogy, B3:5, 19, 23

Demerara Plateau, geologic history, A1:3–4

Demerara Rise

biostratigraphy, A1:39–42

black shale, B14:1–29

Campanian–Eocene magnetostratigraphy, B3:1–48

Cretaceous–Neogene depositional history, A1:50–51

cyclostratigraphy, A1:44–45

gases in black shale, A9:1–15

geochemistry, B11:1–13

geology, A1:1–89

inorganic geochemistry, B8:1–37

iron isotopes, B10:1–14

lithostratigraphy, A1:37–39

location map, A1:58

microbiology, B13:1–6

mid-Cretaceous sediments, B2:1–31

operations summary, A1:89

organic geochemistry, A1:45–46

paleoceanography, B1:1–26

paleomagnetism, A1:42–43

pore water geochemistry, A1:46–47

sediment compressibility, B15:1–35

sedimentation rates, A1:43–44

seismic stratigraphy, A1:48–49

seismic surveys, A1:59; B1:18–20; B15:22

stable isotopes, B7:1–9

underway geophysics, A3:1–8

density

composite depth, A4:20; A5:21–22; A8:22

composite section, A6:25–26

debris flows, B14:6

different measurements, A6:109

different methods of measurement, A8:101

discrete samples, A6:105–108; A7:108–111

sediments, A4:27–28; A5:31; A6:33–35; A7:30–31; A8:29–30

vs. depth, A4:63–65, 76; A5:72–74, 84; A6:74–76; A7:64, 79; A8:75; B2:28; B14:6–8, 11

density, bulk, vs. depth, A4:60–61; A5:69–70; A6:72; A7:65–66, 68; A8:63

density, gamma-ray attenuation bulk

Cretaceous, A1:76

vs. depth, A5:69; A6:58, 73; A7:56, 67; A8:54, 65

density, grain, vs. depth, A4:60; A5:70; A6:72; A7:22, 65; A8:63

density logs, vs. depth, A4:68–70, 72, 76; A5:79–81; A7:71–72, 75–77; A8:68–69, 72–73; B14:16–19, 21–22

deposition

Cretaceous–Neogene sequence, A1:50–51

submarine plateaus, A9:2

diachronous deposits, mid-Cretaceous, B2:4

diagenesis

bioreactors, A7:27–29

black shale, A5:27–29; A6:30–32

carbonates, A1:22

iron minerals, B3:4–5

lithologic units, A4:6; A8:5

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A8:12–13

organic matter, A4:26–27; A10:7–8

See also authigenesis

diagenesis bioreactor, black shale, A4:24–26

diatoms

lithologic units, A7:4

occurrence, B5:1–5

disconformities, nannofossil biostratigraphy, A8:13

dissolution

lithologic units, A5:10

magnetic oxides, A7:19

dolomite

black shale, A4:25; A5:28

downhole logging

Demerara Rise, A1:47–48

Site 1257, A4:29–35

Site 1258, A5:33–39

Site 1260, A7:33–38

Site 1261, A8:31–37

dysoxic conditions, mid-Cenomanian Event, B1:6

E

E Hiatus, early Campanian–Coniacian sequence, A7:24

eccentricity, cyclostratigraphy, B2:11

echinoid fragments, lithologic units, A6:9

ejecta layer, photograph, A5:46; A6:44; A7:45

Eocene

B Hiatus, A5:24

cyclostratigraphy, B1:10

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A7:14; A8:16–17

lithologic units, A4:5–7; A5:5–7; A8:6

magnetostratigraphic correlation, B3:15

magnetostratigraphy, A4:18–19, 50; A8:21; B3:11–13

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:13

radiolarian biostratigraphy, A5:18

sedimentation rates, A8:23

See also Albian–Eocene sequence; Campanian–Eocene sequence; Cretaceous–Eocene sequence; Cretaceous–Miocene sequence; Paleocene/Eocene boundary; Paleocene–Eocene sequence; Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum

Eocene, lower

lithologic units, A6:5–6; A7:4–5

magnetostratigraphy, B3:8–9

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A4:12; A5:12

silicoflagellates, B4:5–6

See also Paleocene–lower Eocene sequence

Eocene, lower–middle

magnetostratigraphy, A5:20; A6:24; A7:20–21; B3:9–12

oxygen and carbon isotopes, B1:25

Eocene, lower/middle boundary, foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:14

Eocene, middle

diatoms, B5:1–5

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:14; A5:15; A6:17; A7:15

lithologic units, A5:5; A6:5–6; A7:5–7

magnetostratigraphy, A8:52–53

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A4:12; A5:12; A7:13

radiolarian biostratigraphy, A6:21

See also Campanian–middle Eocene sequence

Eocene, upper

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:13

lithologic units, A6:5

magnetostratigraphy, A6:24; A7:19

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A7:12–13

Eocene/Oligocene boundary

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:13; A6:17

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:13

stratigraphy, A1:17

Equatorial Atlantic Gateway, opening, A1:13–14

erosion, stress, B15:11–13

erosional surfaces

A Horizon, B1:5

geologic history, A1:4

upper Miocene, B1:10–11

ethane

sediments, A4:24, 105; A5:26, 112–113; A6:103; A7:26, 105–106; A8:95

See also methane/ethane ratio

ethylcholestane, biomarkers, A10:6

euxinic conditions, biomarkers, A10:7

evolution events, oceanic anoxic events, A1:62

excursion taxa, nannofossils, B1:10

extension, geologic history, A1:3–4

extinction events, Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, A1:7

F

F Hiatus, late Albian, A7:24

fabric

lithologic units, A6:10; A8:6

photograph, A4:43; A5:49

fabric, wavy, photograph, A4:46

far velocity logs, vs. depth, A4:69–70; A5:79–81

farnesane, biomarkers, A10:5–6

faults

paleomagnetism, A5:19

seismic units, A3:4

fecal pellets

cyclostratigraphy, B2:13

lithologic units, A5:8–9

photograph, A7:47

photomicrograph, A5:50

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:29, 31

feldspar, photograph, A5:49

fish debris

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:15

lithologic units, A5:8–9; A6:9

photograph, A4:45; A5:53; A7:47

photomicrograph, A5:50

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:29

fish vertebrae, photograph, A5:54

fluid flow, permeability, B15:13–14

folds, recumbent, photograph, A8:43

foraminifers

Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, A1:7

cleaning, B6:6–9, 20–23

lithologic units, A4:5–7; A5:4–7; A6:6–8; A7:5–11; A8:5–8

mid-Cretaceous, B2:5

photograph, A8:43

preservation, B6:3

scanning electron microscope photograph, B9:19

stable isotopes, B6:1–23

foraminifers, benthic, Cenozoic, A1:64

foraminifers, planktonic

biostratigraphy, A4:13–16; A5:14–17; A6:15–20; A7:13–17; A8:14–18

Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, B1:9–10

datums, A4:83, 97–98; A5:92, 102–103; A6:84, 96; A7:87, 97–98; A8:82

distribution, A4:82, 86–90; A5:91, 95–97; A6:83, 87–90; A7:86, 90; A8:81, 84

mid-Cretaceous, B2:4–9

photomicrograph, A5:50

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:29–31

zonation, A4:48; A5:45, 55–56; A6:52; A7:50; A8:49–50

Formation MicroScanner imagery logs, vs. depth, A4:67, 72; A5:77, 79–81; A7:70, 72, 74–77; A8:67, 69, 72–73; B14:11–12

francolite, lithologic units, A5:8; A6:9

French Guyana, geologic history, A1:3–4

G

gamma ray logs

peaks, A4:33–34

vs. depth, A4:68–72, 74; A5:75, 78–81; A7:71–73, 75–77; A8:68–73; B14:11, 14, 16–17, 19–22

gamma rays

composite depth, A5:21–22; A6:25–26; A7:22–23; A8:22

sediments, A6:34–35; A7:32

upper Paleocene, A4:53

vs. depth, A4:53, 63–65; A5:61, 63, 72–74; A6:74–75; A7:67–68; A8:65

gas hydrates

preservation, A5:26

well logging, A5:38

gases, headspace

geochemistry, A6:29–30, 103

sediments, A4:105; A5:112–114; A9:3–6

gases, interstitial

composition, A7:26

geochemistry, A6:29–30; A8:25–26

sediments, A5:25–26

gases, microbial, black shale, A9:1–15

gastropods, lithologic units, A6:9

gateways, opening, A1:13–14

geochemistry, inorganic

lithologic units, B8:1–37

Site 1257, A4:24–27

Site 1258, A5:26–30

Site 1259, A6:31–32

Site 1260, A7:26–30

Site 1261, A8:26–29

geochemistry, organic

Demerara Rise, A1:45–46

Site 1257, A4:22–24

Site 1258, A5:24–26

Site 1259, A6:28–30

Site 1260, A7:25–26

Site 1261, A8:24–26

geochemistry, sediments, A1:21–22; B9:1–23

geophysics, underway, Demerara Rise, A3:1–8

glauconite

lithologic units, A4:8; A6:9; A7:4

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:14

photograph, A5:49; A6:48; A7:47; A8:46

photomicrograph, A5:50; A7:49

global warming, Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum, B1:10

glycolipids

sediments, B12:4

vs. phospholipids, B12:9

goethite, artifacts in minicores, B3:4–5

grabens, seismic units, A3:4

graded bedding, photograph, A5:52

gravity-flow deposits

lithologic units, A4:5–9

photograph, A4:41, 44; A5:49

greenhouse effect, biotic turnover, A1:6–8

greenhouse forcing, oxygen isotopes, A1:8–11

Guinea Fracture Zone, morphologic map, B1:17

Guinea Plateau

geologic history, A1:3–4

morphologic map, B1:17

H

halos, photograph, A6:44

heat transport, gateway opening, A1:13–14

heavy minerals, scatter plots, B8:20

helioliths, nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:14

hiatuses

chronostratigraphy, B1:11

Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, A4:28–29; A7:24

late Albian–early Campanian sequence, B1:5–6

sedimentation rates, A6:27; A8:23

sediments, A4:7, 22; A5:23–24

vs. age, A1:65

See also A Hiatus; B Hiatus; C Hiatus; D Hiatus; E Hiatus; F Hiatus

homohopane index, thermal maturity, A10:11

hopanes

biomarkers, A10:6–7

paleoenvironment, A10:10

hopanoid thiophene, biomarkers, A10:7

hopanoids, chromatograms, A10:18

hopenes, biomarkers, A10:6–7

horsts, seismic units, A3:4

hydraulic conductivity

sediments, B15:27–29

vs. void ratio, B15:23–26

hydrocarbons

biomarkers, A10:5–8

black shale, A9:1–15

sediments, A5:114

hydrogen index

organic matter sources, A7:26

sediments, A4:23, 104; A5:111; A7:104; A8:94

vs. oxygen index, A4:55; A5:65; A6:63; A7:59; A8:56

vs. temperature, A1:77

hydrogen sulfide, black shale, A4:24–26

I

impedance

vs. depth, A4:76–77; A5:84–85; A6:76; A7:78; A8:75

vs. two-way traveltime, A6:77

index properties, discrete samples, A4:107–109; A5:116; A7:108–111; A8:97–100

inoceramids

Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, A1:7

lithologic units, A4:10

intermediate water, temperature, A1:10

ion density, lipids, B12:8–9

iridium, Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, B1:23

iron

bioreactors, A7:27–29

black shale, A5:27–28

organic matter, A8:27–28

pore water, A6:30–32

sediments, B9:1–23; B10:6–7

vs. depth, A1:79; A4:58; A5:68; A6:67; A7:63; A8:59; B9:14–15, 17–18; B10:12

iron, reactive, sediments, B9:5–7

iron, sedimentary, species, B9:5

iron carbonates, reactive iron, B9:5–7

iron isotopes

mid-Cretaceous organic-rich intervals, B1:9; B10:1–14

vs. depth, B10:12

iron oxides, reactive iron, B9:5–7

iron sulfides

lithologic units, A4:5

reactive iron, B9:5–7

isoprenoids, biomarkers, A10:5–6

isorenieratane, biomarkers, A10:7

isorenieratene, biomarkers, A10:7

J

JOIDES Resolution, site survey, A3:2–3

Jurassic, Upper, geologic history, A1:4

K

kerogen

lithologic units, A6:9

Type IV, A4:23

kerogen Type III, sediments, A7:26

L

La Luna Formation

geologic history, A1:4

mid-Cretaceous, B2:3

laminations

lithologic units, A4:8–11; A5:8–9; A6:8–9; A7:7; A8:8–9

mid-Cretaceous, B2:3, 6–12

photograph, A4:45–46

laminations, micritic, transmission light microscope photograph, B2:29

lepispheres

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:13–14; A8:12–13

upper Paleocene, A1:25

limestone

lithologic units, A4:7–8; A5:8–10; A6:8–9; A7:9–10; A8:6–8

photograph, A4:46; A6:49; A7:48; A8:45

limestone, clayey, lithologic units, A7:10; A8:8–9

limestone, nodular, mid-Cretaceous, B2:7

lipids, intact membrane, black shale, B12:1–11

lipids, intact polar

black shale, B12:1–11

structure, B12:7–9

lipids, phosphatidylcholine, bacteria, B12:4

lithium

black shale, A4:26

brine aquifers, A8:28–29

pore water, A8:28

vs. chloride, A4:59

vs. depth, A4:58; A5:68; A6:67; A7:63; A8:59

lithium/chloride ratio

pore water, A6:32

vs. calcium/chloride ratio, A6:71

vs. depth, A6:68

lithologic units

inorganic geochemistry, B8:1–37

Site 1257, A4:5–11, 80

Site 1258, A5:4–9, 89

Site 1259, A6:41, 81

Site 1260, A7:43, 84

Site 1261, A8:4–9, 41–42, 79

sulfur-iron-carbon system, B9:4–5

Unit I, A4:5; A5:4–5; A6:4; A7:4; A8:4–6

Unit II, A4:5–6; A5:5–7; A6:5–6; A7:4–7; A8:6

Unit III, A4:7–8; A5:7–8; A6:6–8; A7:7–9; A8:6–8

Unit IV, A4:8–9; A5:8–9; A6:8–9; A7:9–10; A8:8–9

Unit V, A4:9; A5:9; A6:9; A7:10; A8:9

vs. depth, A4:39; A5:45

lithology

Cretaceous, A1:70

mid-Cretaceous, B2:5–8, 22

Paleogene, A1:68

vs. age, B15:19

lithostratigraphy

Demerara Rise, A1:37–39

Site 1257, A4:4–11

Site 1258, A5:4–10

Site 1259, A6:4–10

Site 1260, A7:3–11

Site 1261, A8:3–10

vs. age, A1:65

Lutetian, magnetostratigraphy, A5:20

lycopane

biomarkers, A10:5–6

chromatograms, A10:17

oxygen paleolevels, A10:11

sources, A10:9

M

Maastrichtian

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A6:19; A8:17–18

lithologic units, A4:8; A5:5–7; A8:7–8

magnetostratigraphy, A7:21; A8:21; B3:8

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A5:13; A6:14; A7:13; A8:13

photograph, A5:46

radiolarian biostratigraphy, A8:19

stable isotopes, B7:1–9

See also Campanian–Maastrichtian sequence; Cenomanian–Maastrichtian sequence

Maastrichtian, lower, foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:15

Maastrichtian, middle, nannofossil biostratigraphy, A4:12

Maastrichtian, upper

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A5:17

lithologic units, A6:8

Maastrichtian–Danian sequence, vs. age, A1:71

magnesium

bioreactors, A7:28

black shale, A4:25

organic matter, A8:27–28

pore water, A6:31

vs. depth, A4:58; A5:68; A6:67; A7:63; A8:59

vs. strontium, A4:59

magnesium/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:23

magnesium/chloride ratio

pore water, A6:31

vs. depth, A6:68; A8:60

vs. potassium/chloride ratio, A6:70; A8:61

magnesium oxide

lithologic units, B8:9

vs. total inorganic carbon, B8:22

magnetic behavior, hook-type, sediments, B3:25

magnetic declination, magnetic polarity, B3:5–7

magnetic inclination

sediments, A4:17–19; A5:57; A6:53; A7:51; A8:51

vs. depth, A4:49

magnetic intensity

sediments, A4:17–19; A5:57; A6:53; A7:51; A8:51

vs. depth, A4:49

magnetic oxides, dissolution, A7:19

magnetic polarity

Campanian–Eocene sequence, B3:1–48

magnetic declination, B3:5–7

magnetostratigraphy, A5:20–21; A6:23–25

sediments, A5:57; A6:53–55; A7:19; A8:51–53

vs. depth, A4:49; A7:52–53

magnetic susceptibility

Campanian–Maastrichtian sequence, A1:75

composite depth, A4:20; A5:21; A8:22

composite section, A6:25–26

Paleocene–lower Eocene sequence, A1:74

sediments, A6:34–35, 53; A7:51

upper Paleocene, A4:52

vs. depth, A1:73; A4:51–52, 63–65; A5:60, 62, 72–74; A6:56–57, 59, 74–75; A7:55, 57, 67–68; A8:65; B14:6–8

magnetometers, cryogenic, data, A4:91; A5:98; A7:91

magnetostratigraphic datums, sedimentation rates, A4:99; A5:104; A6:97; A7:99; A8:90

magnetostratigraphy

Albian, A7:52–53

Campanian–Eocene sequence, A6:54–55; B3:1–48

Campanian–Maastrichtian sequence, A5:21; A6:25

Campanian–middle Eocene sequence, A7:52–53; A8:52–53

Eocene, A4:50; A6:24

Eocene–Cretaceous sequence, A5:58–59

lower–middle Eocene, A5:20

Maastrichtian–Pliocene sequence, A8:21

Oligocene, A6:23

Oligocene/Miocene boundary, A6:23

Paleocene, A5:20–21; A6:24–25

sediments, A4:17–19

upper Miocene–lower Oligocene, A4:17–18

vs. depth, A4:50; A7:52–53

major elements, lithologic units, B8:29–32

manganese

bioreactors, A7:27–29

black shale, A5:27–28

lithologic units, B8:10

pore water, A6:30–31

vs. depth, A1:79; A4:58; A5:68; A6:67; A7:63; A8:59; B3:25–30

manganese/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:23

manganese oxide, vs. total inorganic carbon, B8:22

marcasite, lithologic units, A6:8

marine environment, lithologic units, A5:9

mass accumulation rates

age vs. depth models, A1:72; A4:100; A5:22, 105; A6:98; A7:24, 100

black shale, A8:23–24

Cretaceous–Miocene sequence, A6:27–28

cyclostratigraphy, B2:12

Demerara Rise, A1:43–44

middle Eocene–Paleocene sequence, A6:62

sediments, A8:91

stress, B15:11–13

See also sedimentation rates

Meteor 49-4, site survey, A3:2

methane

anaerobic oxidation, B1:8–9; B9:4–5

chlorinity, A7:30

genesis, A9:6–8

geochemistry, A6:29–30

headspace gases and microbial gas, A6:64

sediments, A4:24, 105; A5:25–26, 112–113; A6:103; A7:26, 105–106; A8:95

vs. carbon dioxide, A9:17

vs. depth, A4:56; A5:66; A6:64; A7:60; A8:57; A9:12–16; B1:22; B9:14–15

vs. organic carbon, A9:7–8

vs. total organic carbon, A6:65; A7:61; A9:18

methane/ethane ratio

geochemistry, A8:26

sediments, A4:24, 105; A5:112–113; A6:103; A7:26, 105–106; A8:95

vs. depth, A9:12–16

methylcholestane, biomarkers, A10:6

microbial activity

black shale, A5:27–29

organic matter, A8:26–28

sediments, A5:112–113; A7:105–106; A8:95

microbiology, black shale, B1:11–12; B13:1–6

mid-Cenomanian Event

anoxic conditions, B1:6

stratigraphy, A1:21

mineralogy, remanent magnetization, B3:5

Miocene

A Hiatus, A5:24

B Hiatus, A5:24

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A8:14–16

geologic history, A1:4

photograph, A8:43

radiolarian biostratigraphy, A5:18

See also Cretaceous–Miocene sequence; Oligocene/Miocene boundary

Miocene, lower

lithologic units, A6:5–6

magnetostratigraphy, A6:23

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:12; A8:12

radiolarian biostratigraphy, A6:21

Miocene, middle

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:13; A5:15

lithologic units, A5:4–5; A6:4

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A5:12

Miocene, upper

erosional events, B1:10–11

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:13

lithologic units, A8:4–6

magnetostratigraphy, A4:17–18; A8:20–21

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A4:12; A8:11

radiolarian biostratigraphy, A8:19

Miocene/Pliocene boundary, foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A8:15

molybdenum/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:25

Morocco, mid-Cretaceous, B2:3

mottling

lithologic units, A4:5–8; A5:4–8; A6:5–8; A7:5–6, 10; A8:7–9

photograph, A4:40, 43; A6:42–45; A7:46

mudstone, organic-rich, cleaning, B6:6–9

N

n-alkanes

biomarkers, A10:5–6

chromatograms, A10:17–18

sources, A10:8–9

n-alkyls, biomarkers, A10:5–6

nannoconids, Aptian, A1:7

nannofossils

excursion taxa, B1:10

lithologic units, A4:5–9; A5:5–8; A7:5–11; A8:4–9

Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum, B1:10

nannofossils, calcareous

biostratigraphy, A4:11–13; A5:12–14; A6:12–14; A7:12–13; A8:11–14

datums, A4:81, 97–98; A5:90, 93–94, 102–103; A6:82, 86, 96; A8:80, 83

distribution, A4:84–85

zonation, A4:48; A5:45, 55–56; A6:52; A7:50; A8:49–50

nannoliths, nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:15

Naparima Hill Formation, geologic history, A1:4

near velocity logs, vs. depth, A4:69–70; A5:79–81

Neocomian, geologic history, A1:4

Neogene

sedimentation rates, A1:44

See also Cretaceous–Neogene sequence

Neogene, upper, lithologic units, A4:5

nickel

Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary, B1:23

lithologic units, B8:10

nickel/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:25

nitrogen

sediments, A6:99–101

See also carbon/nitrogen ratio

nitrogen, total

Albian–Santonian sequence, B11:1–13

sediments, A4:101–103; A5:106–110; A7:101–103; A8:92–93

nitrogen isotopes

decarbonated vs. bulk samples, oxygen isotopes, B11:3, 8, 11

organic carbon, B11:4

vs. total organic carbon, B11:10

nodules, lithologic units, A7:9; A8:7–9

nodules, carbonate

lithologic units, A4:9

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:31

nodules, chert, lithologic units, A4:9

nodules, phosphatic

lithologic units, A4:9; A5:8–9; A6:9

photograph, A4:45; A5:49, 51; A6:49

O

obliquity, cyclostratigraphy, B2:8–9

ocean circulation, gateway opening, A1:13–14

Oceanic Anoxic Event 1b, sedimentation, A1:4

Oceanic Anoxic Event 1b–1d, Albian, A1:4

Oceanic Anoxic Event 2

carbon isotopes, B1:21

Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, A1:5; B1:6–7; B2:6–12

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:31

Oceanic Anoxic Event 3, upper Coniacian, A1:4

oceanic anoxic events

Albian, A10:7

critical events, A1:25–26

mid-Cretaceous, A1:62

organic carbon, A1:4–6

stratigraphy, A1:17

Oligocene

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A5:15; A6:16–17

geologic history, A1:4

magnetostratigraphy, A6:23

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:12

See also Eocene/Oligocene boundary

Oligocene, lower

diatoms, B5:1–5

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:13

lithologic units, A4:5–7; A5:4–5; A6:4; A7:4–5

magnetostratigraphy, A4:17–18; A7:19

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A4:12; A7:12

radiolarian biostratigraphy, A4:16

Oligocene, middle, foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A7:14

Oligocene/Miocene boundary

lithologic units, A6:5

magnetostratigraphy, A6:23

ooze, clayey nannofossil, lithologic units, A8:4–6

ooze, foraminifer, lithologic units, A7:5

ooze, foraminifer nannofossil, lithologic units, A6:4

ooze, nannofossil, lithologic units, A4:5–6; A5:4–5; A7:5; A8:4–6

opal-CT

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:13–14; A8:12–13

upper Paleocene, A1:24–25

orbital cycles, cyclostratigraphy, B2:11

organic matter

biomarkers, A10:19–22

black shale, A6:28–29

consumption, A8:26–28

diagenesis, A1:21–22; A4:26–27

intact membrane lipids, B12:1–11

lithologic units, A4:9; A5:8–10, 24–25; A6:8–9; A7:9–10; B8:4–11; B9:1–23

maturity, A10:7–8

methanogenesis, A9:6–8

microbial activity, A8:26–28

mid-Cretaceous, B2:3–5

oxygen isotopes, B11:1–13

photograph, A6:49–50; A7:47; A8:47

photomicrograph, A5:50

sources, A4:23; A6:28–29; A7:25–26; A8:24–25; A10:8–9

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:29

See also clay/organic matter intervals

organic-rich intervals

cleaning, B6:6–9, 20–23

Cretaceous–Paleogene depth transect, B1:1–26

iron isotopes, B10:1–14

mid-Cretaceous, B2:5

overconsolidation ratio, sediments, B15:20

overprinting, magnetic polarity, B3:5–7

oxidation, anaerobic, methane, B1:8–9; B9:4–5

oxygen depletion, black shale, A4:25

oxygen index

iron isotopes, B10:8

sediments, A4:23, 104; A5:111; A7:104; A8:94

vs. depth, B10:12

vs. hydrogen index, A4:55; A5:65; A6:63; A7:59; A8:56

oxygen isotopes

Albian–Santonian sequence, B11:1–13

Campanian–Maastrichtian sequence, B7:3

carbonate carbon, B11:4–5

Cretaceous, B6:13

greenhouse forcing, A1:8–11

lower–middle Eocene, B1:25

paleoclimatology, B1:4–12

Paleogene, B6:11–12

planktonic foraminifers, B6:3–4

vs. age, A1:63; B7:7

vs. carbon isotopes, B6:19

vs. depth, B7:6

oxygen minimum zone

Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, A1:7

cyclostratigraphy, B2:15

lithologic units, B9:8

oxygen paleolevels, lycopane, A10:11

oxygenation, lithologic units, A4:10; A5:9; A8:9–10

oysters, lithologic units, A8:9

P

packstone

mid-Cretaceous, B2:6–7

paleoclimatology, B2:11

packstone, foraminiferal

cyclostratigraphy, B2:9–17

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:29–31

packstone, glauconitic/phosphatic, mid-Cretaceous, B2:7

paleoceanography

Cretaceous–Paleogene depth transect, B1:1–26

gateway opening, A1:13–14

late Albian–early Campanian sequence, B1:5–6

Paleocene

composite record, A4:20–21

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:14–15; A5:16; A7:14; A8:17

lithologic units, A4:7–8; A5:5–7; A8:6–7

magnetostratigraphic correlation, B3:14–15

magnetostratigraphy, A5:20–21; A6:24–25; A7:21; A8:21; B3:10–13

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A5:13

sedimentation rates, A8:23

See also Albian–Eocene sequence; Campanian–Eocene sequence; Campanian–middle Eocene sequence; Cretaceous–Eocene sequence; Cretaceous–Miocene sequence; Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary

Paleocene, lower, C Hiatus, A5:24

Paleocene, upper

diatoms, B5:1–5

gamma rays, A4:53

lithologic units, A6:7; A7:7–9

magnetic susceptibility, A4:52

magnetostratigraphy, A4:19; B3:8–9

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A4:12; A7:13

Paleocene/Eocene boundary

biostratigraphy, A1:40–41

critical events, A1:11–12, 25–26, 30–31, 35

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:14; A5:16; A6:18; A7:16; A8:17

gamma rays, A5:32

lithologic units, A4:5, 7, 10; A5:10; A6:5–6; A7:5–7; A8:6

lithostratigraphy, A1:37–38

magnetic polarity, B3:6

magnetostratigraphy, A6:24

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A5:13; A6:14; A7:13

photograph, A5:46; A6:42–43; A7:45; A8:45

stratigraphy, A1:17, 20–21

Paleocene–Eocene sequence, mass accumulation rates, A6:62

Paleocene/Eocene Thermal Maximum

carbon isotopes, B1:24

critical events, A1:11–12

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A6:19

global warming, B1:10

lithologic units, A5:6; A8:10

photograph, A5:46

well-logs, A5:77–78

Paleocene–lower Eocene sequence, magnetic susceptibility, A1:74

paleoclimatology

biotic turnover, A1:6–8

Campanian–Maastrichtian sequence, B7:3

Cenozoic, A1:64

Cretaceous, A1:8–11

Cretaceous–Paleogene depth transect, B1:1–26

mid-Cenomanian Event, B1:6–7

oxygen isotopes, B1:4–12

packstone, B2:11

paleoenvironment, black shale, A10:9

Paleogene

biostratigraphy, A1:67

critical events, A1:11–13

intact membrane lipids, B12:1–11

lithology, A1:68

stable isotopes, B6:3–4

stratigraphy, A1:1–89

See also Cretaceous–Paleogene depth transect; Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary

paleogeography

upper Albian, B2:21

Upper Cretaceous, A1:60

paleolatitude, minicores, B3:7

paleomagnetism

Demerara Rise, A1:42–43

Site 1257, A4:16–19

Site 1258, A5:18–21; B3:36–37

Site 1259, A6:22–25; B3:38–39

Site 1260, A7:18–21; B3:40–45

Site 1261, A8:19–21; B3:47–48

paleoredox, biomarkers, A10:12

paleothermometry, greenhouse forcing, A1:8–11

pelagic intervals, mid-Cretaceous, B2:6

pelecypod fragments, photomicrograph, A5:50

permeability

fluid flow, B15:13–14

sediments, B15:1–35

perylene

biomarkers, A10:7

paleoenvironment, A10:10

phosphate lenses, photograph, A4:45

phosphate stringers, photograph, A7:47

phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, sediments, B12:4

phospholipids

sediments, B12:4

vs. glycolipids, B12:9

phosphorus, lithologic units, B8:10

photoautotrophic green sulfur bacteria, biomarkers, A10:7

photoelectric effect logs

carbonate content, A5:83

lithology, A5:38

vs. depth, A4:72; A5:79–81, 83; A7:71–72, 75–77; A8:69, 72–73

physical properties

Demerara Rise, A1:47–48

Site 1257, A4:27–29

Site 1258, A5:30–33

Site 1259, A6:33–36

Site 1260, A7:30–32

Site 1261, A8:29–31

phytane

biomarkers, A10:5–6

chromatograms, A10:17–18

Planolites, lithologic units, A5:6; A6:5–7; A7:5–9; A8:5–8

Pleistocene

A Hiatus, A5:24

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A5:14–15; A6:16; A7:13–14; A8:14–15

lithologic units, A7:4; A8:4–6

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A7:12

Pliocene

A Hiatus, A5:24

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A8:14–15

lithologic units, A8:4–6

magnetostratigraphy, A8:20–21

See also Miocene/Pliocene boundary

Pliocene, lower–middle, nannofossil biostratigraphy, A8:11

porcellanite, photograph, A8:45

pore pressure, permeability, B15:15

pore water

geochemistry, A1:17, 26–27, 31, 35, 46–47; A4:24–27, 106; A5:26–27, 115; A6:104; A7:107; A8:26–28, 96

sulfur-iron-carbon system, B9:4–5

porosity

discrete samples, A6:105–108; A7:108–111

sediments, A5:31; A6:33–34; A7:30–31; A8:29–30

vs. depth, A1:80; A4:60; A5:70; A6:72; A7:65; A8:63

See also void ratio

porosity logs, vs. depth, A4:68–70, 72; A5:79–81; A7:71–72, 75–77; A8:68–69, 72–73

potassium

black shale, A4:26

pore water, A6:31

vs. depth, A4:57; A5:67; A6:66; A7:62; A8:58

potassium/chloride ratio

pore water, A6:31

vs. depth, A6:68; A8:60

vs. magnesium/chloride ratio, A6:70; A8:61

potassium logs, vs. depth, A4:71, 74; A5:75; A7:73; A8:70

precession, cyclostratigraphy, B2:8–17

preservation

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:15

foraminifers, B6:3

paleoenvironment, A10:10–12, 20

Priabonian, magnetostratigraphy, A6:24; A7:19

pristane

biomarkers, A10:5–6

chromatograms, A10:17–18

productivity

lithologic units, A5:9

paleoclimatology, B1:7–8

prokaryotes

biomarkers, A10:6–7

black shale, B13:2

intact membrane lipids, B12:3

propane, sediments, A4:105; A5:26, 112–113; A7:105–106; A8:95

proteobacterial isolates, lipids, B12:4

pyrite

black shale, A4:24–26

lithologic units, A4:8; A6:8; A7:4–11; A8:6–7; B8:9

photograph, A4:47; A6:47; A7:46

pyrite, framboidal, scanning electron microscope photograph, B9:19

pyrite saturation line, lithologic units, B8:9

pyritization

lithologic units, B8:24

reactive iron, B9:5–7

pyrolysis, Rock-Eval, sediments, A4:104; A5:111; A6:102; A7:104; A8:94

Q

quartz

lithologic units, A4:9; A7:4–11

photograph, A5:49

vs. depth, A4:72

quartz grains, foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A8:18

quartz logs, vs. depth, A5:79–81; A7:71–72, 75–77; A8:69, 72–73

Quaternary, upper, nannofossil biostratigraphy, A8:11

R

radiolarians

biostratigraphy, A4:16; A5:18; A6:21; A7:17–18; A8:19

Cenomanian/Turonian boundary, A1:7

datums, A6:85; A7:88

lithologic units, A6:6–9; A7:5–11

mid-Cretaceous, B2:8

photograph, A5:49

zonation, A4:48; A5:55–56; A6:52; A7:50; A8:49–50

rare earths, lithologic units, B8:7–8, 21, 37

recrystallization

carbonates, A7:29

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A4:15

redox. See paleoredox; reduction

redox boundary, lithologic units, A4:6; A7:4; A8:5–9

reduction

black shale, A4:24–26

lithologic units, B8:10; B9:8

organic matter, A8:26–28

reflectance

cyclostratigraphy, B2:8–10

vs. depth, A7:54

reflection coefficient, vs. depth, A4:76; A5:84; A6:76; A7:79; A8:75

reflection events, tectonics, B1:4–5

remanent magnetization, isothermal, iron minerals, B3:5, 23

remanent magnetization, natural

rock magnetics, B3:4

sediments, A5:57

vs. depth, A4:49

resistivity

composite depth, A4:20; A5:21–22

composite section, A6:25–26

correlation, A5:33

vs. depth, A4:63–65; A5:72–74

resistivity logs, vs. depth, A4:68–70, 72; A5:79–81; A7:72; A8:68–69, 72–73; B14:11

ribonucleic acids, microbiology, B13:1–6

rifting, geologic history, A1:3–4

rock magnetics, natural remanent magnetization, B3:4

Rupelian, magnetostratigraphy, A7:19

S

salinity

pore water, A5:30

vs. depth, A4:57; A5:67; A6:66; A7:62; A8:58

salinity, low, anomalies, A5:30; A7:29–30

sand, cemented foraminifer, photograph, A7:48

sand, foraminifer, cyclostratigraphy, B2:9

sand, foraminifer calcite-cemented, photomicrograph, A7:49

sandstone, quartz

lithologic units, A6:9; A8:9

photograph, A8:48

Santonian

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A6:20; A8:18

lithologic units, A4:8–9; A6:8–9; A8:8–9

sedimentation rates, A8:23

See also Albian–Santonian sequence; Aptian–Santonian sequence; Coniacian/Santonian boundary; Coniacian–Santonian sequence

Santonian–Cenomanian sequence, black shale, A4:24–26

sediment/water interface, black shale, A4:26

sediment contacts

lithologic units, A5:7–8

photograph, A4:40, 44

sedimentation rates

biostratigraphic datums, A8:89

black shale, A10:12

Campanian–Maastrichtian sequence, A8:90

cyclostratigraphy, B2:8–10

Demerara Rise, A1:43–44

hiatuses, A6:27; A8:23

Maastrichtian–Campanian sequence, A1:20

magnetostratigraphic datums, A8:90

Neogene, A1:44

Site 1257, A4:21–22

Site 1258, A5:23–24

Site 1259, A6:27–28

Site 1260, A7:23–24

Site 1261, A8:22–24

See also mass accumulation rates

sedimentation rates, linear

age vs. depth models, A1:72; A4:100; A5:23, 105; A6:98; A7:100

Cretaceous black shale, A1:43

sediments, A8:91

sediments

compressibility, B15:1–35

geochemistry, B9:1–23

major components, B8:16–17, 26

mid-Cretaceous, B2:1–31

sediments, glauconitic, photograph, A5:48

sediments, laminated, photograph, A5:48

sediments, pelagic

geologic history, A1:3–4

photograph, A4:43

sediments, quartz-rich, photomicrograph, A5:50

seismic cruise tracks, map, A3:5

seismic profile C2211, reflection horizons, A3:7

seismic profile GeoB219–GeoB220, reflection horizons, A3:8

seismic profiles

A Horizon, B1:26

Demerara Rise, A3:7–8; B1:18–20; B15:22

Site 1257, A1:83; A4:38

Site 1258, A1:84; A5:42–44

Site 1259, A1:85; A6:39–40

Site 1260, A1:86; A7:40–42

Site 1261, A1:87; A8:39–40

seismic reflection, multichannel, site survey, A3:1–8

seismic stratigraphy

Demerara Rise, A1:48–49; A3:3–4

seismic lines, A1:61

seismic surveys, frequency vs. power spectral density, A3:6

seismic Unit 1, reflection, A3:4

seismic Unit 2, reflection, A3:4

seismic Unit 3, reflection, A3:3–4

seismic Unit 4, reflection, A3:3

seismic units, A3:3–4

seismograms, synthetic

reflectors, A4:34–35; A5:39, 85

sediments, A6:36

vs. two-way traveltime, A4:77; A7:37–38, 80; A8:76

"Selli Event," Oceanic Anoxic Event 2, A1:5

Serravallian, magnetostratigraphy, A8:21

shell fragments

lithologic units, A4:9

photograph, A5:49, 52

shell lags, photograph, A5:54

silica

black shale, A4:26; A5:29

diagenesis, A7:29

lithologic units, B8:4–7

pore water, A5:26; A6:32; A8:28

vs. depth, A4:58; A5:68; A6:67; A7:63; A8:59

vs. titanium oxide, B8:20

vs. zirconium, B8:20

siliceous microfossils, lithologic units, A4:6–7; A6:10

silicoflagellates, occurrence, B4:1–11

siltstone, calcareous

lithologic units, A6:8–9

photograph, A6:51

siltstone, clayey carbonate, lithologic units, A4:9

siltstone, geologic history, A1:4

Site 1257, A4:1–111

background and objectives, A4:1–2

biostratigraphy, A4:11–16

carbonate content and organic carbon, A9:3–4

composite depth, A4:20–21

coring summary, A4:78–79

Cretaceous black shale, A10:1–22

critical events, A1:17

depositional history, A1:18

diatoms, B5:1–5

downhole logging, A4:29–35

inorganic geochemistry, A4:24–27

intact membrane lipids, B12:1–11

lithologic units, A4:80

lithostratigraphy, A4:4–11

magnetostratigraphy, B3:8–9

operations, A1:14–15; A4:2–4

organic geochemistry, A4:22–24

paleomagnetism, A4:16–19

physical properties, A4:27–29

physical properties and logging, A1:17–18

pore water geochemistry, A1:17

sedimentation rates, A4:21–22

seismic profiles, A1:83

seismic stratigraphy, A1:15

silicoflagellates, B4:1–11

site description, A4:1–111

splice tie points, A4:21, 96

stable isotopes, B6:1–23

stratigraphy, A1:16–17

stress and void ratio, B15:27

summary, A1:14–18

Site 1258, A5:1–117

background and objectives, A5:1–2

biostratigraphy, A5:10–18

carbonate content and organic carbon, A9:4

composite depth, A5:21–23, 100

coring summary, A5:86–88

Cretaceous black shale, A10:1–22

critical events, A1:20–21

depositional history, A1:22–23

diatoms, B5:1–5

downhole logging, A5:33–39; B14:6

geochemistry, A1:21–22

inorganic geochemistry, A5:26–30

intact membrane lipids, B12:1–11

lithostratigraphy, A5:4–10

magnetostratigraphy, B3:9–10

operations, A1:19; A5:2–4

organic geochemistry, A5:24–26

paleomagnetism, A5:18–21; B3:36–37

physical properties, A5:30–33

physical properties and logging, A1:22

sedimentation rates, A5:23–24

seismic profiles, A1:84

seismic stratigraphy, A1:19

silicoflagellates, B4:1–11

site description, A5:1–117

splice tie points, A5:22–23, 101

stable isotopes, B6:1–23

stratigraphy, A1:19–20

Site 1259, A6:1–110

background and objectives, A6:1–2

biostratigraphy, A6:11–21

carbonate content and organic carbon, A9:4–5

composite depth, A6:25–26, 94

coring summary, A6:78–80

critical events, A1:25–26

depositional history, A1:27–28

inorganic geochemistry, A6:31–32

lithostratigraphy, A6:4–10

magnetostratigraphy, B3:11–12

operations, A1:23; A6:3

organic geochemistry, A6:28–30

paleomagnetism, A6:22–25; B3:38–39

physical properties, A1:27; A6:33–36

pore water geochemistry, A1:26–27

sedimentation rates, A6:27–28

seismic profiles, A1:85; A6:39–40

seismic stratigraphy, A1:24

site description, A6:1–110

splice tie points, A6:26, 95

stratigraphy, A1:24–25

stress and void ratio, B15:28

Site 1260, A7:1–113

background and objectives, A7:1–2

biostratigraphy, A7:11–18

carbonate content and organic carbon, A9:5

composite depth, A7:21–23, 95

coring summary, A7:81–83

critical events, A1:30–31

depositional history, A1:32

downhole logging, A7:33–38; B14:6–7

inorganic geochemistry, A7:26–30

lithologic units, A7:84

lithostratigraphy, A7:3–11

magnetostratigraphy, B3:12

operations, A1:28; A7:2–3

organic geochemistry, A7:25–26

paleomagnetism, A7:18–21; B3:40–45

physical properties, A7:30–32

physical properties and logging, A1:31–32

pore water geochemistry, A1:31

sedimentation rates, A7:23–24

seismic profiles, A1:86; A7:40–42

seismic stratigraphy, A1:28–29

site description, A7:1–113

splice tie points, A7:23, 96

stable isotopes, B6:1–23

stratigraphy, A1:29–30

Site 1261, A8:1–103

A Horizon, B1:26

background and objectives, A8:1–2

biostratigraphy, A8:10–19

carbonate content and organic carbon, A9:5–6

composite depth, A8:22, 87

coring summary, A8:77–78

critical events, A1:35

depositional history, A1:36–37

downhole logging, A8:31–37; B14:7–8

inorganic geochemistry, A8:26–29

lithologic units, A8:79

lithostratigraphy, A8:3–10

magnetostratigraphy, B3:13

operations, A1:33; A8:2–3

organic geochemistry, A8:24–26

paleomagnetism, A8:19–21; B3:46–48

physical properties, A8:29–31

physical properties and logging, A1:36

pore water geochemistry, A1:35

sedimentation rates, A8:22–24

seismic profiles, A1:87; A8:39–40

seismic stratigraphy, A1:33–34

site description, A8:1–103

splice tie points, A8:22, 88

stratigraphy, A1:34–35

stress and void ratio, B15:29

slumps

lithologic units, A5:8

magnetostratigraphy, A7:19

sediments, A4:7–10

upper Miocene, B1:10–11

sodium

brine aquifers, A8:28–29

vs. depth, A4:57; A5:67; A6:66; A7:62; A8:58

sodium/chloride ratio

brines, A6:32

pore water, A5:30

vs. depth, A6:68; A8:60

sparite, mid-Cretaceous, B2:7

spherules

lithologic units, A6:7; A7:8

photograph, A7:45

splice tie points

composite section, B14:27–29

core log correlation, B14:24–25

Site 1257, A4:21, 96

Site 1258, A5:22–23, 101

Site 1259, A6:26, 95

Site 1260, A7:23, 96

Site 1261, A8:22, 88

stable isotopes

bulk carbonates, B7:1–9

Cenozoic, A1:64

foraminifers, B6:1–23

oceanic anoxic events, A1:62

steradienes, biomarkers, A10:6

steranes

biomarkers, A10:6

chromatograms, A10:18

sources, A10:9

sterenes

biomarkers, A10:6

chromatograms, A10:18

stress

erosion, B15:11–13

mass accumulation rates, B15:11–13

sediments, B15:1–27, 28, 29, 35

vs. void ratio, B15:23–26

stress, effective, vs. void ratio, B15:21

strontium

black shale, A5:29

brine aquifers, A8:28–29

diagenesis, A7:29

pore water, A6:32

vs. calcium, A8:62

vs. depth, A4:58; A5:68; A6:67; A7:63; A8:59

vs. magnesium, A4:59

vs. total inorganic carbon, B8:22

strontium/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:23

strontium/chloride ratio, vs. depth, A6:68; A8:60

strontium isotopes, oceanic anoxic events, A1:5

submarine plateaus, deposition, A9:2

sulfate

methanogenesis, A9:6–8

pore water, A6:30–32; A9:8

vs. ammonium, A6:69

vs. depth, A1:79; A4:57; A5:67; A6:66; A7:62; A8:58; B1:22; B9:14–15

sulfate depletion

bioreactors, A7:28

black shale, A4:25; A5:28

organic matter, A8:27

pore water, A6:31

sulfate reduction

black shale, A5:27–29

sulfur iron carbon system, B9:4–5

Sulfolobales, glycolipids, B12:4

sulfur

lithologic units, B8:9

sediments, B9:1–23

thermal maturity, A10:11

vs. depth, B9:17–18

sulfur, organic

lithologic units, B9:7, 16

vs. total organic carbon, B9:20

sulfur, pyrite, vs. total organic carbon, B9:20–21

sulfur, sedimentary, species, B9:5

sulfur/carbon ratio, lithologic units, B9:7

Suriname margin, geology, A1:1–89

T

Tarfaya Basin, mid-Cretaceous, B2:3–17

tectonics, C Horizon, B1:4–12

temperature

perturbation, A4:34

vs. depth, A4:75

temperature, sea-surface, greenhouse forcing, A1:8–11

tempestites, photograph, A5:51–53

tepee structures

lithologic units, A6:9

photograph, A6:51

terrigenous detritus, lithologic units, B8:4–11, 18

terrigenous environment, black shale, A10:12–13

Tertiary. See Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary

textures, sediments, B2:5–8

thermal maturity, organic matter, A10:7–8, 20

thianes, biomarkers, A10:7

thorium logs, vs. depth, A4:71, 74; A5:75; A7:73; A8:70

tidal-flats deposits, photograph, A6:51

titanium oxide

lithologic units, B8:7

vs. aluminum oxide, B8:20

vs. silica, B8:20

trace elements, lithologic units, B8:33–36

trace metals, lithologic units, B8:9

trace metals/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:25

traveltime, vs. depth, A1:82

Trinidad, geologic history, A1:4

turbidites

cyclostratigraphy, B2:14

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:30

Turonian

cyclostratigraphy, B2:12, 23–24, 26–27

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A5:17; A6:20; A8:18

lithologic units, A5:8–9; A7:11

nannofossil biostratigraphy, A6:15; A7:13; A8:14

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:29

See also Cenomanian/Turonian boundary

U

unconformities

biostratigraphy, A5:12–14

foraminiferal biostratigraphy, A6:17

gamma rays, A5:32

sedimentation rates, A6:27

sediments, A4:8

See also disconformities; erosional surfaces; hiatuses

unconformities, angular

geologic history, A1:4

lithologic units, A4:10

uranium/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:25

uranium logs, vs. depth, A4:71, 74; A5:75; A7:73; A8:70

V

vanadium, lithologic units, B8:10

vanadium/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:25

velocity

vs. depth, A1:80; A4:76–77; A5:84; A6:72–73, 76; A7:79; A8:75

See also compressional wave velocity

velocity, acoustic, sediments, A4:28; A5:31–32; A6:33–34; A7:31–32; A8:30

velocity anisotropy, vs. depth, A6:73

velocity logs

vs. depth, A4:68–70; A5:79–81; A7:71–72, 75–77; A8:68–69, 72–73

See also far velocity logs; near velocity logs

Venezuela

geologic history, A1:4

mid-Cretaceous, B2:3

void ratio

discrete samples, A6:105–108; A7:108–111

sediments, B15:27–29

vs. effective stress, B15:21

vs. hydraulic conductivity, B15:23–26

vs. stress, B15:23–26

See also porosity

W

wackestone, transmission light microscope photograph, B2:30

water content, discrete samples, A6:105–108; A7:108–111

weathering factor, vs. chemical index of alteration, B8:19

well-log stratigraphy, lithology, A4:30–33; A5:35–38; A7:34–37; A8:33–37

well-log Unit 1, lithology, A4:30–31; A5:35; A7:34–35; A8:33–34

well-log Unit 2, lithology, A4:31; A5:35–36; A7:35–36; A8:34

well-log Unit 3, lithology, A4:31–32; A5:36; A7:36; A8:34–35

well-log Unit 4, lithology, A4:32–33; A5:36–37; A7:36; A8:35–36

well-log units, lithology, A4:30–33; A5:35–37; A7:34–37; A8:33–37

well-logging

summary, A4:66; A5:76; A7:69; A8:66

See also core-log correlation

well-logs, black shale, A4:72

Y

Ypresian, magnetostratigraphy, A5:20

Z

zeolites

lithologic units, A4:5–9; A5:5–7; A6:10; A7:6–10; A8:6–7

transmission light microscope photograph, B2:30

zinc, lithologic units, B8:10

zinc/aluminum ratio, lithologic units, B8:25

zirconium

lithologic units, B8:7

vs. aluminum oxide, B8:20

vs. silica, B8:20

Zoophycos

lithologic units, A4:5–8; A5:5–7; A6:5–8; A7:5–9; A8:5–8

photograph, A4:43; A6:47; A7:46