REFERENCES

Baldauf. J.G., Barron, J.A., Ehrmann, W.U., Hempel, P., and Murray, D., 1992. Biosiliceous sedimentation patterns for the Indian ocean during the last 45 Million years. Geophys Monogr., 70:335-349.

Barker, P.F., 1979. The history of ridge-crest offset at the Agulhas Fracture zone from a small circle geophysical profile. Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 59: 131-145.

Barrett, P.J., 1994. Progress towards a Cenozoic Antarctic glacial history. Terra Antarctica, 1:247-248.

Barron, J.A., Baldauf, J.G., Barrera, E., Caulet, J.-P., Huber, B.T., Keating, B.H., Lazarus, D., Sakai, H., Thierstein, H.R., and Wei, W., 1991b. Biochronologic and magnetochronologic synthesis of Leg 119 sediments from the Kerguelen Plateau and Prydz Bay, Antarctica. In Barron, J., Larsen, B., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 119: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 813-848.

Bender, M., T. Sowers, M. Dickson, J. Orchardo, P. Grootes, P. Mayewski and D. Messe, 1994. Climate teleconnections between Greenland and Antarctica throughout the last 100,000 years. Nature, 372: 663-666.

Berger, W. H., 1989. Global maps of ocean productivity. In: Berger, W. H., Smetacek, V. S. and G. Wefer (Eds.), Productivity in the ocean: Present and Past, Dahlem Workshop Reports LS44, Wiley &;Sons, 429-456.

Berger. W.H. and Jansen, E., 1994. Mid-Pleistocene climate shift ‹ the Nansen connection. In Johannessen, O.M., Muench, R.D., and Overland, J.E. (Eds.), The Polar Oceans: and Their Role in Shaping the Global Environment, Geophysical Monograph 85, Washington (American Geophysical Union), 295-312.

Bohrmann, G., Abelmann, A., Gersonde, R., Hubberten, H. and Kuhn, G., 1994. Pure siliceous ooze, a diagenetic environment for early chert formation. Geology, 22:207-210.

Bohrmann, G., Kuhn, G., Abelmann, A., Gersonde, R., and D. Fütterer, 1990. A young porcellanite occurrence from the Southwest Indian Ridge. Marine Geology, 92:155 163

Bonatti, E., 1978. Vertical tectonism in oceanic fracture zones. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 37:369 379.

Bond, G., Broecker, W., Johnsen, S., McManus, J., Labeyrie, L., Jouzel, J., and Bonani, G., 1993. Correlation between the climatic record in northern Atlantic marine sediment and in Greenland ice. Nature, 365:143-147.

Bond, G.C. and Lotti, R., 1995. Detailed record of iceberg discharges into the northern Atlantic. Science, 267:1005-1010.

Broecker, W.S. 1997. Will our ride into the Greenhouse future be a smooth one? GSA Today, 7:1-6.

Broecker, W.S. and Peng, T.H., 1989. The cause of glacial to interglacial atmospheric CO2 change: a polar alkalinity hypothesis. Global Biogeochem. Cycles, 3:215-240.

Cande, S.C., LaBrecque, J.L. and Haxby, W.F., 1988. Plate kinematics of the South Atlantic: Chron c34 to present. J. Geophys. Res., 93:13479-13492.

Cande, S.C. and Kent, D.V., 1992. A new geomagnetic polarity time scale for the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. J. Geophys. Res., 97:13917-13951.

Charles, C.D. and Fairbanks, R.G., 1992. Evidence from Southern Ocean sediments for the effect of North Atlantic deep-water flux on climate. Nature, 355:416-419.

Charles, C.D., Lynch-Stieglitz, J., Ninnemann, U.S. and Fairbanks, R.G., 1996. Climate connections between the hemispheres revealed by deep sea sediment core/ice core correlations. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 142:19-27.

Ciesielski, P.F., Kristoffersen, Y., et al., 1988. Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 114: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program).

Clapperton, C.M., and Sugden, D.E., 1990. Late Cenozoic glacial history of the Ross Embayment, Antarctica. Quat. Sci. Rev., 9:253-272.

Dansgaard, W., Johnsen, S.J., Clausen, H.B., Dahl-Jensen, D., Gundestrup, N.S., Hammer, C.U., Hvidberg, C.S., Steffensen, J.P., Sveinbjårnsdottir, A.E., Jouzel, J., and Bond, G., 1993. Evidence for general instability of past climate from a 250-kyr ice-core record. Nature, 364:218-220.

DeMaster, D. J., 1981. The supply and accumulation of silica in the marine environment. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 45:1715-1735.

Douglass, J., Schilling, J.-G., Kingsley, R.H. and Small, C., 1995. Influence of the Discovery and Shona mantle plumes on the southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge: Rare earth evidence. J. Geophys. Res., 21: 2893-2396.

Dowsett, H., Barron, J. and Poore, R., 1996. Middle Pliocene sea surface temperatures: a global reconstruction. Marine Micropaleo., 27:13-25.

du Plessis, A., 1977. Seafloor spreading south of the Agulhas Fracture Zone. Nature, 270: 719 721.

Frank, M., Gersonde, R., Rutgers van der Loeff, M., G. Kuhn, and Mangini, A., 1996. Late Quaternary sediment dating and quantification of lateral sediment redistribution applying 230Thex: a study from the eastern Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Geologische Rundschau, 85:554-566.

Francois, R., Altabet, M.A., Ein-Fen, Y., Sigman, D.M., Bacon, M.P., Frank, M., Bohrmann, G., Bareille, G. and Labeyrie, L.D., 1998. Contribution of Southern Ocean surface-water stratification to low atmospheric CO2 concentrations during the last glacial period. Nature, 389:929-935.

Froelich, P.N., Malone, P.N., Hodell, D.A., et al., 1991a. Biogenic opal and carbonate accumulation rates in the subantarctic South Atlantic: The late Neogene of Meteor Rise Site 704. In Ciesielski, P.F., Kristoffersen, Y., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results., 114: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 515-550.

Froelich, P.N., Mortlock, R.A., Mefferd, M., and Powers, J., 1991b. Interstitial-water chemistry: Abyssal South Atlantic and East Georgia Basins, Islas Orcadas and Meteor Rises. In Ciesielski, P.F., Kristoffersen, Y., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results., 114: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 719-731.

Gersonde, R., Abelmann, A., Burckle, L.H., Hamilton, N., Lazarus, D., McCartney, K., O'Brien, P., Spieß, V., and Wise, S.W., Jr., 1990. Biostratigraphic synthesis of Neogene siliceous microfossils from the Antarctic Ocean, ODP Leg 113 (Weddell Sea). In Barker, P.F., Kennett, J.P., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 113: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 915-936.

Gersonde, R.,, Kyte, F. T., Bleil, U., Diekmann, B., Flores, J.A., Gohl, K., Grahl, G., Hagen, R., Kuhn, G., Sierro, F.J., Voelker, D., Abelmann, A., and Bostwick, J. A., 1997. Geological record and reconstruction of the late Pliocene impact of the Eltanin asteroid in the Southern Ocean. Nature, 390, 357-363.

Gersonde, R. and Barcena, M.A., 1998. Revision of the latePliocene-Pleistocene diatom biostratigraphy for the northern belt of the Southern Ocean. Micropaleontology, 44:1 15.

GRIP (Greenland Ice-core Project) Members, 1993. Climate instability during the last interglacial period recorded in the GRIP ice core. Nature, 364:203-207.

Hambrey, M.J., and Barrett, P.J., 1993. Cenozoic sedimentary and climatic record, Ross Sea Region, Antarctica. In Kennett, J.P., and Warnke, D.A., (Eds.), The Antarctic Paleoenvironment: A Perspective on Global Change, 2. Antarct. Res. Ser., 60: 91 124.

Hartnady, C.J.H. and le Roex, A.P., 1985. Southern ocean hotspot tracks and the Cenozoic absolute motion of the African, Antarctic, and South American plates. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 75: 245-257.

Henson, E.L. and Ruppel, C., in press. Plate tectonics and loading history of the South Atlantic between the Agulhas Fracture Zone and the Bouvet triple junction. J. Geophys. Res.

Hodell, D.A. and Venz, K.A., 1992. Toward a high-resolution stable isotopic record of the Southern Ocean during the Pliocene-Pleistocene (4.8 to 0.8 Ma). In: Kennett, J.P. and Warnke, D.A., The Antarctic Paleoenvironment: A Perspective on Global Change, 56: Washington, DC (American Geophysical Union), 265-310.

Howard, W.R., 1997. A warm future in the past. Nature, 388: 418-419.

Howard, W.R. and W.L. Prell, 1992. Late Quaternary surface circulation of the southern Indian Ocean and its relationship to orbital variations. Paleoceanography, 7(1): 79-117.

Howard, W.R. and W.L. Prell, 1994. Late Quaternary CaCO3 production and preservation: Implications for oceanic and atmospheric carbon cycling. Paleoceanography, 9(3):453-482.

Imbrie, J., Berger, A., Boyle, E.A., Clemens, S.C., Duffy, A., Howard, W.R., Kukla, G., Kutzbach, J., Martinson, D.G., McIntyre, A., Mix, A.C., Molfino, B., Morley, J.J., Peterson, L.C. Pisias, N.G., Prell, W.L., Raymo, M.E., Shackleton, N.J., and Toggweiler, J.R., 1993. On the structure and origin of major glaciation cycles, 2. The 100,000-year cycle. Paleoceanography, 8:699-735.

Imbrie, J., Boyle, E.A., Clemens, S.C., Duffy, A., Howard, W.R., Kukla, G., Kutzbach, J., Martinson, D.G., McIntyre, A., Mix, A.C., Molfino, B., Morley, J.J., Peterson, L.C. Pisias, N.G., Prell, W.L., Raymo, M.E., Shackleton, N.J., and Toggweiler, J.R., 1992. On the structure and origin of major glaciation cycles 1. Linear responses to Milankovitch forcing. Paleoceanography, 7:701-738.

Imbrie, J.A., McIntyre, A. and Mix, A., 1989. Oceanic response to orbital forcing in the late Quaternary: Observational and experimental strategies. In: Berger, A., Schneider, S., and Duplessy, J.C. (Eds.), Climate and Geosciences, Boston (Kluwer), 121-164.

Kastens, K.A., 1987. A compendium of causes and effects of processes at transform faults and fracture zones. Rev. Geophys., 25:1554-1562.

Keir, R. S., 1988. On the late Pleistocene ocean geochemistry and circulation. Paleoceanography, 3:413-445.

Kennett, J.P. and Barker, P.F., 1990. Latest Cretaceous to Cenozoic climate and oceanographic developments in the Weddell Sea, Antarctica: an ocean-drilling perspective. In Barker, P.F., Kennett, J.P., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 113: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 937-960.

Kemp, A.E.S. and Baldauf, J.G., 1993. Vast Neogene laminated diatom mat deposits from the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. Nature, 362: 141-144.

Kemp, A.E.S., Baldauf, J.G. and Pearce, R.B., 1995. Origins and palaeoceanographic significance of laminated diatom ooze from the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean (Leg 138), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 138: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 641-645.

Kennett, J. P., 1977. Cenozoic evolution of Antarctic glaciation, the Circum-Antarctic Ocean, and their impact on global paleoceanography, J. Geophys. Res. 82:3843-59.

Kennett, J.P. and Barron, J.A., 1992. Introduction In: Kennett, J.P. and Warnke, D.A. (eds.), The Antarctic Paleoenvironment: A Perspective on Global Change, 56: Washington, DC (American Geophysical Union), 1-6.

Knox, F.E. and McElroy, M.B., 1984. Changes in atmospheric CO2: Influence of the marine biota at high latitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 89: 4629-4637.

Kumar, K., Anderson, R.F., Mortlock, R.A., Froelich, P.N., Kubik, P., Dittrich-Hannen, B. and Suter, M., 1995. Increased biological productivity and export production in the glacial Southern Ocean. Nature, 378: 675-680.

Labeyrie, L., Pichon, J.-J., Labracherie, M., Ippolito, P., Duprat, J. and Duplessy, J.-C., 1986. Melting history of Antarctica during the past 60,000 years. Nature, 322: 701 706.

Labeyrie, L., Labracherie, M., Gorfti, N., Pichon, J..J., Vautravers, M., Arnold, M., Duplessy, J. C., Paterne, M. Michel, E., Duprat, J., Caralp, M. and Turon, J. L., 1996. Hydrographic changes of the Southern Ocean (southeast Indian sector) over the last 230 kyr. Paleoceanography, 11: 57-76.

LaBrecque, J.L. (Ed.), 1986. South Atlantic Ocean and Adjacent Continental Margins, Atlas 13. Ocean Margin Drilling Program Atlas Ser., 13.

LaBrecque, J.L. and Hayes, D.E., 1979. Seafloor spreading history of the Agulhas Basin. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 45:411-428.

Lawver, L.A., Gahagan, L.M. and Coffin, M.F., 1992. The development of paleoseaways around Antarctica. In Kennett, J.P. and Warnke, D.A. (Eds.), The Antarctic Paleoenvironment: A Perspective on Global Change, 56: Washington, DC (American Geophysical Union), 7 30.

Lisitzin, A. P., 1985. The silica cycle during the last ice age. Paleogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 50:241- 270.

Lutjeharms, J.R.E., 1985. Location of frontal systems between Africa and Antarctica: some preliminary results, Deep-Sea Research 32:1499-1509.

McDuff, R.E., 1985. The chemistry of interstitial waters, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 86. In Heath, G.R., Burkle, L.H., et al., Init. Repts. DSDP, 86: Washington (U.S. Govt. Printing Office), 675-687.

Menard, H.W. and Atwater, T., 1969. Origin of fracture zone topography. Nature, 222: 1037 1040.

Morley, J.J., 1989. Variations in high-latitude oceanographic fronts in the southern Indian Ocean: an estimation based on faunal changes. Paleoceanography, 4(5):547-554.

Mutter, J.C., Buck, W.R. and Zehnder, C.M., 1988. Convective partial melting, 1: A model for the formation of thick basaltic sequences during the initiation of spreading. J. Geophys. Res., 93:1031-1048.

Oppo, D.W. and Fairbanks, R.G., 1987. Variability in the deep and intermediate water circulation of the Atlantic Ocean during the past 25,000 years: Northern Hemisphere modulation of the Southern Ocean. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 86:1-15.

Peterson, R.G. and Stramma, L., 1991. Upper-level circulation in the South Atlantic Ocean. Prog. Oceanog., 26:1-73.

Petit, J.R., Basile, I., Leruyuet, A., Raynaud, D., Lorius, C., Jouzel, J., Stievenard, M., Lipenkov, V.Y., Barkov, N.I., Kudryashov, B-B., Davis, M., Saltzman, E., and Kotlyakov, V., 1997. Four climatic cycles in Vostok ice core. Nature, 387:359.(Kluwer), 121-164.

Prell, W.L., Huston, W.H. and Williams, D.F., 1979. The Subtropical Convergence and late Quaternary circulation in the southern Indian Ocean. Mar. Micropaleontol., 4: 225 234.

Raymond, C.A. and LaBrecque, J.L., 1988. Geophysical signatures of the Agulhas Fracture Zone Ridge and Meteor Rise. In: Ciesielski, P.F., Kristoffersen, Y., et al., Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 114: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 27-34.

Raymond, C.A. and LaBrecque, J.L., 1991. Islas Orcadas Rise and Meteor Rise: The tectonic and depositional history of two aseismic plateaus from Sites 702, 703, and 704. In: Ciesielski, P.F., Kristoffersen, Y., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 114: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 5-22.

Ruddiman, W.F., Raymo, M.E., Martinson, D.G., Clement, B.M. and Backman, J., 1986. Pleistocene evolution of Northern Hemisphere climate, Paleoceanography, 4(4):353 412.

Sarmiento, J.L. and Toggweiler, R., 1984. A new model for the role of the oceans in determining atmospheric pCO2. Nature, 308:621-624.

Siegenthaler, U. and Wenk, T., 1984. Rapid atmospheric CO2 variation and ocean circulation. Nature, 308:624-626.

Sowers, T. and Bender, M., 1995. Climate records covering the last deglaciation. Science, 269: 210-214.

Shackleton, N.J. and Crowhurst, S., 1997. Sediment fluxes based on an orbitally tuned time scale 5 Ma to 14 Ma, Site 926. In Shackleton, N.J., Curry, W.B., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 154: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 69-82.

Tucholke, B.E. and Embley, R.W., 1984. Cenozoic regional erosion of the abyssal seafloor off South Africa. In Schlee, J.S. (Ed.), Interregional unconformities and hydrocarbon accumulation. AAPG Mem., 36:145-164.

Webb, P.-N., and Harwood, D.M., 1991. Late Cenozoic glacial history of the Ross Embayment, Antarctica. In Cronin, T.M., and Dowsett, H.J. (Eds.), Pliocene Climates. Quat. Sci. Rev., 10:215-223.

Weedon, G.P., Shackleton, N.J. and Pearson, P.N., 1997. The Oligocene time scale and cyclostratigraphy on the Ceara Rise, western equatorial Atlantic. In Shackleton, N.J., Curry, W.B., Richter, C., and Bralower, T.J. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 154: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 101-114.

Zachos, J.C., Rea, D.K., Seto, K., Nomura, R. and Niitsuma, N., 1992. Paleogene and early Neogene deep water paleoceanography of the Indian Ocean as determined from benthic foraminifer stable carbon and oxygen isotope records. In Duncan, R.A., Rea, D.K., Kidd, R.B., von Rad, U., and Weissel, J.K. (Eds.), Synthesis of Results from Scientific Drilling in the Indian Ocean. AGU Monograph, 70: Washington, DC (American Geophysical Union), 351-387.

Zachos, James C., Flower, B. and Paul, H., 1997. Orbitally paced climate oscillations across the Oligocene/Miocene boundary. Nature, 388:567-570.


To 177 Figure Captions

To 177 Table of Contents

ODP Publications

ODP Home