Table 1 | Figure 1 | Table of Contents

REFERENCES

Alt, J.C., Laverne, C., Vanko, D.A., Tartarotti, P., Teagle, D.A.H., Bach, W., Zuleger, E., Erzinger, J., Honnorez, J., Pezard, P.A., Becker, K., Salisbury, M.H., and Wilkens, R.H., 1996. Hydrothermal alteration of a section of upper oceanic crust in the eastern equatorial Pacific: a synthesis of results from Site 504 (DSDP Legs 69, 70, and 83, and ODP Legs 111, 137, 140, and 148.) In Alt, J.C., Kinoshita, H., Stokking, L.B., and Michael, P.J. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 148: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 417-434.

Alvarez, W., 1982. Geological evidence for the geographical pattern of mantle return flow and the driving mechanism of plate tectonics. J. Geophys. Res., 87:6697-6710.

__________, 1990. Geologic evidence for the plate driving mechanism: the continental undertow hypothesis and the Australian-Antarctic Discordance. Tectonics, 9:1213-1220.

Cande, S.C., LaBrecque, J.L., Larson, R.L., Pitmann, W.C., III, Golovchenko, X., and Haxby, W.F., 1989. Magnetic lineations of the world's ocean basins. AAPG Map Ser., 131.

Christie, D.M., West, B.P., Pyle, D.G., and Hanan, B., 1998. Chaotic topography, mantle flow and mantle migration in the Australian Antarctic Discordance: Nature, 394:637-644.

Cochran, J.R., and Sempéré, J.-C., 1997. The Southeast Indian Ridge between 88°E and 118°E: gravity anomalies and crustal accretion at intermediate spreading rates. J. Geophys. Res., 102:15463-15487.

Fisk, M.R., Giovannoni, S.J., and Thorseth, I.H., 1998. Alteration of oceanic volcanic glass: textural evidence of microbial activity. Science, 281:978-979.

Forsyth, D.W., Ehrenbard, R.L., and Chapin, S., 1987. Anomalous upper mantle beneath the Australian-Antarctic Discordance. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 84:471-478.

Furnes, H., Thorseth, I.H., Tumyr, O., Torsvik, T., and Fisk, M.R., 1996. Microbial activity in the alteration of glass from pillow lavas from Hole 896A. In Alt, J.C., Kinoshita, H., Stokking, L.B., and Michael, P.J. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 148: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 191-206.

Giovannoni, S.J., Fisk, M.R., Mullins, T.D., and Furnes, H., 1996. Genetic evidence for endolithic microbial life colonizing basaltic glass/seawater interfaces. In Alt, J.C., Kinoshita, H., Stokking, L.B., and Michael, P.J. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 148: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 207-214.

Gurnis, M., Muller, R.D., and Moresi, L., 1998. Cretaceous vertical motion of Australia and the Australian-Antarctic Discordance. Science, 279:1499-1504.

Klein, E.M., Langmuir, C.H., Zindler, A., Staudigel, H., and Hamelin, B., 1988. Isotope evidence of a mantle convection boundary at the Australian Antarctic Discordance. Nature, 333:623-629.

Lanyon, R., Crawford, A.J., and Eggins, S., 1995. Westward migration of Pacific Ocean upper mantle into the Southern Ocean region between Australia and Antarctica. Geology, 23:511-514.

Marks, K.M., Vogt, P.R., and Hall, S.A., 1990. Residual depth anomalies and the origin of the Australian-Antarctic Discordance Zone. J. Geophys. Res., 95:17325-17337.

Marks, K.M., Sandwell, D.T., Vogt, P.R., and Hall, S.A., 1991. Mantle downwelling beneath the Australian-Antarctic Discordance Zone: evidence from geoid height versus topography. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 103:325-338.

Mutter, J.C., Hegarty, K.A., Cande, S.C., and Weissel, S.C., 1985. Breakup between Australia and Antarctica: a brief review in the light of new data. Tectonophysics, 114:255-279.

Palmer, J., Sempéré, J.-C., Christie, D.M., and Phipps-Morgan, J., 1993. Morphology and tectonic of the Australian-Antarctic Discordance between 123° E and 128° E. Mar. Geophys. Res., 15:121-151.

Pyle, D.G., 1994. Geochemistry of mid-ocean-ridge basalt within and surrounding the Australian Antarctic Discordance. [Ph.D. Dissert.]. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis.

Pyle, D.G., Christie, D.M., and Mahoney, J.J., 1990. Upper mantle flow in the Australian-Antarctic Discordance. Eos, 71:1388. (Abstract)

__________, 1992. Resolving an isotopic boundary within the Australian Antarctic Discordance. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 112:161-178.

Pyle, D.G., Christie, D.M., Mahoney, J.J., and Duncan, R.A., 1995. Geochemistry and geochronology of ancient southeast Indian and southwest Pacific seafloor. J. Geophys. Res., 100:22261-22282.

Sempéré, J.-C., Cochran, J.R. and others, 1997. The Southeast Indian Ridge between 88° and 118°E: variations in crustal accretion at a constant spreading rate. J. Geophys. Res., 102: 15489-15505.

Sempéré, J.-C., Palmer, J., Phipps-Morgan, J., Christie, D.M., and Shor, A.N., 1991. The Australian-Antarctic Discordance. Geology, 19:429-432.

Sylvander, B.A., 1998. The Southeast Indian Ridge: Water contents of MORB glasses and chemical effects of propagating rifts. [M.S. Thesis]. Oregon State Univ., Corvallis.

Thorseth, I.H., Furnes, H., and Heldal, M., 1992. The importance of microbiological activity in the alteration of natural basaltic glass. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 56:845-850.

Thorseth, I.H., Pedersen, R.B., Daae, F.L., Torsvik, V., Torsvik, T., and Sundvor, E., 1999. Microbes associated with basaltic glass from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Conf. Abstr., 4:254. Cambridge Publications, EUG 10, Strasbourg.

Thorseth, I.H., Torsvik, T., Furnes, H., and Muehlenbachs, K., 1995. Microbes play an important role in the alteration of oceanic crust. Chem. Geol.,126:137-146.

Torsvik, T., Furnes, H., Muehlenbachs, K., Thorseth, I.H., and Tumyr, O.,1998. Evidence for microbial activity at the glass-alteration interface in oceanic basalts. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 162:165-176.

Veevers, J.J., 1982. Australian-Antarctic depression from the mid-ocean ridge to adjacent continents. Nature, 295:315-317.

Vogt, P.R., Cherkis, N.K., and Morgan, G.A., 1984. Project Investigator-1: evolution of the Australian-Antarctic Discordance from a detailed aeromagnetic study. In R.L. Oliver, P.R. James, and Jago, J. (Eds.), Antarctic Earth Science: Proceedings 4th International Symposium on Antarctic Earth Sciences: Canberra (Aust. Acad. Sci.).

Weissel, J.K., and Hayes, D.E., 1971. Asymmetric seafloor spreading south of Australia. Nature, 231:518-522.

__________, 1974. The Australian-Antarctic Discordance: new results and implications. J. Geophys. Res., 79:2579-2587.

West, B.P., 1997. Mantle flow and crustal accretion in and near the Australian-Antarctic Discordance. [Ph.D. Thesis]. Univ. of Washington, Seattle.

West, B.P., and Christie, D.M., 1997. Diversion of along-axis asthenospheric flow beneath migrating ridge-transform-ridge intersections. Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 78 (Suppl.):673.

West, B.P., Lin, J., and Christie, D.M., 1999. Forces driving ridge propagation. J. Geophys. Res., 104:22845-22858.

West, B.P., Sempéré, J.-C., Pyle, D.G., Phipps-Morgan, J., and Christie, D.M., 1994. Evidence for variable upper mantle temperature and crustal thickness in and near the Australian-Antarctic Discordance. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 128:135-153.

Table 1 | Figure 1 | Table of Contents