REFERENCES

Aumento, F., and Loubat, H., 1971. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge Near 45°N, XVI, Serpentinized ultramafic intrusions. Can. J. Earth Sci., 8:631-663.

Barth, G.A., 1994. Ocean crust thickens approaching the Clipperton fracture zone. Mar. Geophys. Res., 16:51-64.

Bloomer, S.H., Natland, J.H., Meyer, P.S., and Dick, H.J.B., 1991. Textural and mineralogical variations in gabbroic rocks from Hole 735B. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 21-40.

Bonatti, E., and Honnorez, J., 1976. Sections of the Earth's crust in the Equatorial Atlantic. J. Geophys. Res., 81:4087-4103.

Bown, J.W., and White, R.S., 1994. Variation with spreading rate of oceanic crustal thickness and geochemistry. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 121:435-439.

Cande, S.C., and Kent, D.V., 1992. A new geomagnetic polarity time scale for the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic. J. Geophys. Res., 97:13917-13951.

Cann, J.R., 1970. New model for the structure of the ocean crust. Nature, 226:928-930.

Cann, J.R., 1974. A model for oceanic crustal structure developed. Geophys. J.R. Astr. Soc., 39:169-187.

Cannat, M., 1991. Plastic deformation at an oceanic spreading ridge: a microstructural study of the Site 735 gabbros (Southwest Indian Ocean): In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 399 408.

Cannat, M., 1993. Emplacement of mantle rocks in the seafloor at mid-ocean ridges. J. Geophys. Res., 98:4163-4172.

Cannat, M., Bideau, D., and Bougault, H., 1992. Serpentinized peridotites and gabbros in the Mid Atlantic Ridge axial valley at 15°37'N and 16°52'N. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 109:87 106.

Cannat, M., Mevel, C., and Stakes, D., 1991. Normal ductile shear zones at an oceanic spreading ridge: tectonic evolution of Site 735 gabbros (Southwest Indian Ocean). In Von Herzen, R.P. Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 415-430.

Carbotte, S.M., and MacDonald, K.C., 1994. Comparison of seafloor tectonic fabric at intermediate, fast, and superfast spreading ridges; influence of spreading rate, plate motions, and ridge segmentation in fault patterns. J. Geophys. Res., 99:13609-13631.

Christensen, N.I., 1972. The abundance of serpentinites in the oceanic crust. J. Geol., 80:709 719.

Christensen, N.I., and Salisbury, M.H., 1975. Structure and constitution of the lower oceanic crust. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys., 13:57-86.

Coleman, R.G., and Irwin, W.P., 1974. Ophiolites and ancient continental margins. In Burk, C.A., and Drake, C.L. (Eds.), The Geology of Continental Margins: Springer-Verlag (New York), 921-931.

Detrick, R.S., Mutter, J.C., Buhl, P., and Kim, I.I., 1990. No evidence from multichannel reflection data for a crustal magma chamber in the MARK area on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Nature, 347:61-64.

Dick, H.J B., 1989. Abyssal peridotites, very slow spreading ridges and ocean ridge magmatism. In Saunders, A.D., and Norry, M.J. (Eds.), Magmatism in the Ocean Basins, Geol. Soc. Spec. Pub., 42:71-105.

Dick, H.J.B., 1996. Hess versus Penrose: What is the composition of the lower ocean crust? Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 77:S275.

Dick, H.J.B., Bryan, W.B., and Thompson, G., 1981. Low-angle faulting and steady-state emplacement of plutonic rocks at ridge/transform intersections. Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 62:406.

Dick, H.J.B., Meyer, P.S., Bloomer, S., Kirby, S., Stakes, D., and Mawer, C., 1991. Lithostratigraphic evolution of an in-situ section of oceanic layer 3. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 439-540.

Dick, H.J.B., Robinson, P.T., and Meyer, P.S., 1992. The plutonic foundation of a slow-spreading ridge. In Duncan, R.A., Rea, D.K., Weissel, J.K., Von Rad, V. and Kidd, R.B. (Eds.), The Indian Ocean: a synthesis of results. Am. Geophys. Union, Geophys. Monogr. 70:1 39.

Dick, H.J.B., Schouten, H., Meyer, P.S., Gallo, D.G., Berg, H., Tyce, R., Patriat, P., Johnson, K., Snow, J., and Fisher, A., 1991a. Tectonic evolution of the Atlantis II Fracture Zone. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 359-398.

Dick, H.J.B., Schouten, H., Meyer, P.S., Gallo, D.G., Berg, H., Tyce, R., Patriat, P., Johnson, K., Snow, J., and Fisher, A., 1991b. Bathymetric map of the Atlantis II Fracture Zone, Southwest Indian Ridge. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program).

Engel, C.G., and Fisher, R.L., 1975. Granitic to ultramafic rock complexes of the Indian Ocean ridge system, western Indian Ocean. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 86:1553-1578.

Fisher, R.L., Dick, H.J.B., Natland, J.H., and Meyer, P.S., 1986. Mafic/ultramafic suites of the slowly spreading southwest Indian Ridge: Protea exploration of the Antarctic Plate Boundary, 24°E-47°E. Ophioliti, 11:147-178.

Fisher, R.L., and Sclater, J.G., 1983. Tectonic evolution of the Southwest Indian Ocean since the Mid-Cretaceous: plate motions and stability of the pole of Antarctica/Africa for at least 80 Myr. Geophys. J.R. Astr. Soc., 73:553-576.

Harper, G.D., 1985. Tectonics of slow spreading mid-ocean ridges and consequences of a variable depth to the brittle/ductile transition. Tectonics, 4:395-409.

Hess, H.H., 1962. The history of the ocean basins. Geol. Soc. Am. Buddington Vol., 599-620.

Hill, M.N., 1957. Recent geophysical exploration of the ocean floor. Phys. Chem. Earth, 2:129 163.

Karson, J. A., 1991. Accommodation zones and transfer faults: Integral components of Mid Atlantic Ridge extensional systems. In Peters, T., Nicolas, A., and Coleman, R.J. (Eds.), Ophiolite Genesis and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere: Oman, Ministry of Petroleum and Minerals, Sultanate of Oman, Kluwer Academic Publishers (Netherlands), 21 37.

Karson, J.A., and Dick, H.J.B., 1983. Tectonics of ridge/transform intersections at the Kane Fracture Zone. Mar. Geophys. Res., 6:51-98.

Kent, D.V., Honnorez, B.M., Opdyke, N.D., and Fox, P.J., 1978. Magnetic properties of dredged oceanic gabbros and the source of marine magnetic anomalies. Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 55:513-537.

Kikawa, E., and Ozawa, K., 1992. Contribution of oceanic gabbros to sea-floor spreading magnetic anomalies. Science, 258:796-799.

Kikawa, E., and Pariso, J. E., 1991. Magnetic properties of gabbros from Hole 735B, Southwest Indian Ridge. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 285-307.

Magde, L.S., Dick, H.J.B., and Hart, S.R., 1995. Tectonics, alteration and the fractal distribution of hydrothermal veins in the lower ocean crust. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 129:103-119.

McCarthy, J., Mutter, J.C., Morton, J.L., Sleep, N.H., and Thompson, G.T., 1988. Relic magma chamber structures preserved within the Mesozoic North Atlantic crust? Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 100:1423-1436.

Melson, W.G., and Thompson, G., 1970. Layered basic complex in oceanic crust, Romanche fracture, equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Science, 168:817-820.

Mével, C., and Cannat, M., 1991. Lithospheric stretching and hydrothermal processes in oceanic gabbros from slow-spreading ridges. In Peters, T., Nicolas, A., and Coleman, R.J. (Eds.), Ophiolite Genesis and Evolution of the Oceanic Lithosphere: Oman, Ministry of Petroleum and Minerals, Kluwer Academic Publishers (Netherlands), 293-312.

Muller, M.R., Robinson, C.J., Minshull, R.S., and Bickle, M.J., 1997. Thin crust beneath ocean drilling program borehole 735B at the Southwest Indian Ridge? Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 148:93-108.

Mutter, J.C., and Detrick, R.S., 1984. Multichannel seismic evidence for anomalously thin crust at Blake Spur fracture zone. Geology, 12:534-537.

Mutter J.C., Buhl, P., Diebold, J.B., Ladd, J.W., Stotta, P.L., Phillips, J.D., Hinz, K., Meyer, H., and Detrick, R.S., 1985. Multichannel seismic images of the oceanic crust's internal structure: evidence for a magma chamber beneath the Mesozoic Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Geology, 13:629 632.

Natland, J.H., Meyer, P.S., Dick, H.J.B., and Bloomer, S.H., 1991. Magmatic oxides and sulfides in gabbroic rocks from ODP Hole 735B and the later development of the liquid line of descent. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 75-112.

Nisbet, E.G., and Fowler, C.M.R., 1978. The Mid-Atlantic Ridge at 37° and 45°N; some geophysical and petrological constraints. Geophys. J.R. Astr. Soc., 54:631-660.

Norton, I.O., and Sclater, J.G., 1979. A model for the evolution of the Indian Ocean and the breakup of Gondwanaland. J. Geophys. Res., 84:6803-6830.

Ozawa, K., Meyer, P.S., and Bloomer, S.H., 1991. Mineralogy and textures of iron-titanium oxide gabbros and associated olivine gabbros from Hole 735B. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 41 73.

Pallister, J.S., and Hopson, C.A., 1981. Samail ophiolite plutonic suite: field relations, phase variation, cryptic variation and layering, and a model of a spreading ridge magma chamber. J. Geophys. Res., 86:2593-2644.

Pariso, J. E., and Johnson, P.H., 1993. Do lower crustal rocks record reversals of the Earth's magnetic field? Magnetic petrology of oceanic gabbros from ocean drilling program Hole 735B. J. Geophys. Res., 98:16013-16032.

Pariso, J E., Scott, J.H., Kikawa, E., and Johnson, H.P., 1991. A magnetic logging study of Hole 735B gabbros at the Southwest Indian Ridge. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 309-323.

Raitt, R.W., 1963. The crustal rock. In Hill, M. N. (Ed.), The Sea, Wiley Interscience (New York), 85-102.

Reid, I., and Jackson, H.R., 1981. Oceanic spreading rate and crustal thickness. Mar. Geophys. Res., 5:165-172.

Robinson, P.T., Von Herzen, R., et al., 1989, Proc. ODP, Init. Repts. 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program).

Sclater, J.G., Fisher, R.L., Patriat, P., Tapscott, C., and Parsons, B., 1981. Eocene to recent development of the Southwest Indian Ridge, a consequence of the evolution of the Indian Ocean Triple Junction. Geophys. J. R. Astr. Soc., 64:587-604.

Sinton, J.M., and Detrick, R.S., 1992. Mid-ocean ridge magma chambers. J. Geophys. Res., 7:197-216.

Sleep, N.H., and Barth, G.A., 1994. The nature of oceanic lower crust and shallow mantle emplaced at low spreading rates. Eos, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, 75:626.

Smewing, J.D., 1981. Mixing characteristics and compositional differences in mantle-derived melts beneath spreading axes; evidence from cyclically layered rocks in the ophiolite complex of North Oman. J. Geophys. Res., 86:2645-2659.

Smith, D.K., and Cann, J.R., 1993. Building the crust at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Nature, 365:707 715.

Stakes, D.S., 1991. Oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions of oceanic plutonic rocks: High temperature deformation and metamorphism of oceanic layer 3. In Taylor, H.P., Jr., O'Neil, J.R., and Kaplan, I.R. (Eds.), Stable Isotope Geochemistry: A Tribute to Samuel Epstein, Geochem. Soc., Spec. Pub. 3:77-90.

Stakes, D., Mevel, C., Cannat, M., and Chaput, T., 1991. Metamorphic stratigraphy of Hole 735B. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 153-180.

Swift, S.A., and Stephen, R.A., 1992. How much gabbro is in ocean seismic layer 3? Geophys.Res. Lett., 19:1871-1874.

Tapscott, C.R., Patriat, P., Fisher, R.L., Sclater, J.G., Hoskins, H., and Parsons, B., 1980. The Indian Ocean triple junction. J. Geophys. Res., 85:4723-4739.

Thompson, G., and Melson, W.G., 1972. The petrology of oceanic crust across fracture zones in the Atlantic Ocean: Evidence of a new kind of sea-floor spreading. J. Geology, 80:526 538.

Vanko, D.A., and Stakes, D.S., 1991. Fluids in oceanic Layer 3: evidence from veined rocks, Hole 735B, Southwest Indian Ridge. In Von Herzen, R.P., Robinson, P.T., et al., Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 118: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 181-215.

Whitehead, J.A., Jr., Dick, H.J.B., and Schouten, H., 1984. A mechanism for magmatic accretion under spreading centres. Nature, 312:146-148.


To 176 Figures

176 Table of Contents

ODP Publications

ODP Homepage