Table T3. Ages and zonations of planktonic foraminifer datum levels used on Leg 184.
| Biohorizons | Zone (base) |
Age (Ma) |
Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
| LO Globorotalia flexuosa | 0.068 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globigerinoides ruber (pink) | 0.12 | Thompson (1979) | |
| LO Globoquadrina pseudofoliata | 0.22 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| FO Bolliella calida | 0.22 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| FO Globigerinoides ruber (pink) | 0.40 | Li (1997) | |
| FO Globorotalia flexuosa | 0.401 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| FO Globorotalia hirsuta | 0.45 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globorotalia tosaensis | 0.65 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globorotalia crassiformis hessi | 0.75 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| FO Globorotalia truncatulinoides excelsa | 1.00 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globigerinoides obliquus | 1.30 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Pulleniatina finalis | 1.40 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Neogloboquadrina acostaensis | 1.58 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globoturborotalita apertura | 1.64 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globigerinoides fistulosus | 1.77 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globigerinoides extremus | 1.77 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| FO Globorotalia (Truncorotalia) truncatulinoides | N22 | 2.00 | Berggren et al. (1995a) |
| FO Pulleniatina finalis | 2.04 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Globorotalia inflata | 2.09 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globorotalia (Menardella) exilis | 2.15 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| reappearance of Pulleniatina (Atlantic) | 2.26 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globoturborotalia woodi | 2.33 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globorotalia (Menardella) miocenica | 2.30 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globorotalia puncticulata | 2.41 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Neogloboquadrina atlantica | 2.41 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globorotalia (Menardella) limbata | 2.38 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globorotalia (Menardella) pertenuis | 2.60 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globoturborotalia decoraperta | 2.75 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globorotalia (Menardella) multicamerata | 3.09 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Dentoglobigerina altispira | 3.09 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Sphaeroidinellopsis seminulina | 3.12 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globorotalia (Hirsutella) cibaoensis | 3.22 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globoquadrina baroemoenensis | 3.22 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Sphaeroidinella dehiscens s.s. | 3.25 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| FO Globigerinoides fistulosus | 3.33 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| FO Globorotalia (Truncorotalia) tosaensis | N21 | 3.35 | Berggren et al. (1995a) |
| LO Pulleniatina (Atlantic) | 3.45 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| FO Globorotalia (Menardella) pertenuis | 3.45 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globorotalia plesiotumida | 3.77 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Globorotalia (Menardella) miocenica | 3.55 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globorotalia (Hirsutella) margaritae | 3.58 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Pulleniatina primalis | 3.65 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| Pulleniatina (sinistral to dextral coiling change) | N20 | 3.95 | Berggren et al. (1995a) |
| LO Globorotalia margaritae (common) | 3.96 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globoturborotalita nepenthes | 4.20 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Pulleniatina spectabilis | 4.20 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| FO Globorotalia (Menardella) exilis | 4.45 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Globorotalia puncticulata | 4.50 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| FO Globorotalia (Truncorotalia) crassaformis s.l. | 4.5 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Sphaeroidinellopsis kochi | 4.53 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globorotalia cibaoensis | 4.6 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globigerinoides seiglei | 4.70 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| FO Globorotalia margaritae (common) | 5.07 | Berggren et al. (1995a) | |
| LO Globoquadrina dehiscens | 5.49 | Shackleton et al. (1995) | |
| FO Sphaeroidinella dehiscens s.l. | N19 | 5.54 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) |
| FO Globorotalia pliozea | 5.60 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globorotalia sphericomiozea | 5.60 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globorotalia tumida | N18 | 5.82 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) |
| FO Turborotalia humilis | 5.84 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globorotalia lenguaensis | 6.0 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globorotalia (Hirsutella) margaritae | 6.09 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Globigerinoides conglobatus | 6.20 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Pulleniatina primalis | N17b | 6.4 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| Neogloboquad. acostaensis (dextral to sinistral coiling change) | 6.6 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globorotalia conomiozea | 6.9 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Candeina nitida | 8.44 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Neogloboquadrina humerosa | 8.5 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globigerinoides extremus | 8.58 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Globorotalia plesiotumida | N17a | 8.58 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) |
| FO Globorotalia (Hirsutella) cibaoensis | 9.44 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Globorotalia (Hirsutella) juanai | 9.76 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Neogloboquadrina acostaensis | N16 | 9.82 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) |
| LO Neogloboquadrina nympha | 10.1 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Paragloborotalia mayeri | N15 | 10.49 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) |
| FO Globorotalia (Menardella) limbata | 10.57 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Globoturborotalita apertura | 11.19 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Globoturborotalita decoraperta | 11.46 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Sphaeroidinellopsis subdehiscens | 11.74 | Shackleton et al. (1995) | |
| FO Globoturborotalita nepenthes | N14 | 11.19 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) |
| LO Globorotalia panda | 11.8 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Globorotalia praescitula | 11.9 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Fohsella fohsi s.l. (including fohsi lobata and fohsi robusta) | N13 | 11.68 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) |
| FO Globorotalia lenguaensis | 12.85 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Fohsella fohsi robusta | 13.18 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Fohsella fohsi s.l. | N12 | 13.42 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) |
| FO Fohsella praefohsi | N11 | 14.0 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997) |
| FO Neogloboquadrina nympha | 13.4 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Clavatorella bermudezi | 14.2 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globorotalia archeomenardii | 14.2 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Fohsella peripheroronda | 14.6 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Fohsella peripheroacuta | N10 | 14.8 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| LO Praeorbulina sicana | 14.8 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Praeorbulina glomerosa | 14.8 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globorotalia (Menardella) praemenardii | 14.9 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globigerinatella insueta | 15.0 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Orbulina spp. | N9 | 15.1 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| FO Globorotalia (Menardella) archeomenardii | 15.5 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Clavatorella bermudezi | 15.8 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globorotalia miozea | 15.9 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Praeorbulina circularis | 16.0 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Praeorbulina glomerosa | 16.10 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globigerinoides diminutus | 16.1 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Praeorbulina curva | 16.3 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Praeorbulina sicana | N8 | 16.4 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| LO Globorotalia incognita | 16.4 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globorotalia miozea | 16.7 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globorotalia birnageae | 16.7 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Catapsydrax dissimilis | N7 | 17.3 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| LO Globorotalia zealandica | 17.3 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Globorotalia semivera | 17.3 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globorotalia praescitula | 18.5 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globigerinatella insueta | N6 | 18.8 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| LO Globoquadrina binaiensis | 19.1 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Globigerinoides altiapertura | 20.5 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Tenuitella munda | 21.4 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Paragloborotalia kugleri | N5 | 21.5 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| FO Globorotalia incognita | 21.6 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Globoturborotalita angulisuturalis | 21.6 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Paragloborotalia pseudokugleri | 21.6 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globoquadrina binaiensis | 22.1 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globoquadrina dehiscens | 23.2 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Globigerina ciperoensis | 23.3 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Globigerinoides trilobus s.l. | 23.4 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| FO Paragloborotalia kugleri | N4 | 23.8 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| LO Globigerina euapertura | 23.8 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globigerinoides primordius (common) | 24.3 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Tenuitella gemma | 24.3 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Paragloborotalia pseudokugleri | 25.9 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Globigerinoides primordius | 26.7 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Paragloborotalia opima | P22 | 27.1 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| LO Globigerina labiacrassata | 27.1 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Chiloguembelina cubensis (common) | P21b | 28.5 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| FO Globoturborotalita angulisuturalis | P21a | 29.4 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| LO Subbotina angiporoides | 30.0 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Turborotalia ampliapertura | P20 | 30.3 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| FO Paragloborotalia opima | 30.6 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Pseudohastigerina spp. | P19 | 32.0 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| FO Cassigerinella chipolensis | 33.65 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Hantkenina spp. | 33.7 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Turborotalia cerroazulensis | P18 | 33.8 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| LO Cribrohantkenina inflata | P17 | 34.0 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| LO Clavigerinella eocanica | 34.0 | Chaisson and Pearson (1997); Pearson and Chaisson (1997); Curry, Shackleton, Richter, et al. (1995) | |
| LO Globogerapsis index | 34.3 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Turborotalia cunialensis | P16 | 35.2 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
| LO Turborotalia pomeroli | 35.3 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Porticulasphaera semiinvoluta | 35.3 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| FO Cribrohantkenina inflata | 35.5 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Acarinina collactea | 37.7 | Berggren et al. (1995b) | |
| LO Subbotina linaperta | 37.7 | Berggren et al. (1995b) |
Notes: LO = last occurrence, FO = first occurrence. The zonation codes are after Blow (1969). Astrochronologically tuned biostratigraphic datums are depicted in bold.