A total of 62 reliable in situ bottom-hole temperature measurements were made at Sites 1003 through 1009 (Fig. 1). Two types of instrumentation were used for the measurements: the Adara temperature tool, which was built into the cutting shoe of the advanced piston corer (APC), and the water-sampling temperature probe (WSTP) with its water sampler turned off. These instrumentations have been described in Eberli, Swart, Malone, et al. (1997) and previous ODP publications such as Fisher and Becker (1993). The Adara tool records the temperature while the APC is held at the bottom of the hole for ~10 min. The WSTP temperature sensor is mechanically inserted into the bottom-hole sediments separately from coring. Both tools record the temperature of the bottom-hole sediments as they cool down from a higher temperature associated with the frictional heat of the probe insertion. The equilibrium temperature of the sediment is determined by theoretical extrapolation of this cooling curve. The cooling of the Adara sensor is modeled as the conductive heat loss through the surface of a metal cylinder (Horai and Von Herzen, 1985), and the cooling behavior of the WSTP sensor is approximated by the conductive heat loss of a solid rod (e.g., Bullard, 1954). These simple one-dimensional theoretical models are not necessarily applicable to a very early portion of the cooling curve, which is more influenced by the thermal properties of the metal casing. Also, the late portion of the cooling curve is influenced by vertical heat conduction along the probe. Thus, we carefully chose a middle part of each temperature record for reliable estimation of the equilibrium temperature. For each temperature record, we made 5-10 temperature determinations by choosing slightly different time windows. The variation among these temperature values is the basis for error estimation.
A total of 666 thermal conductivity measurements were made on board on unconsolidated core samples from Sites 1003 to 1009. The standard needle-probe technique (Von Herzen and Maxwell, 1959) was used for these measurements. The temperature and conductivity values and their quality analyses have been reported in Eberli, Swart, Malone, et al. (1997).