REFERENCES

Baker, P.A., Stout, P.M., Kastner, M., and Elderfield, H., 1991. Large-scale lateral advection of seawater through oceanic crust in the central equatorial Pacific. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 105:522-533.

Berggren, W.A., Hilgen, F.S. Langereis, C.G., Kent, D.V., Obradovich, J.C., Raffi, I., Rayun, M.E., and Shakleton, N.J., 1995a. Late Neogene Chronology: new perspectives in high-resolution stratigraphy. GSAB, 107:1272-1287.

Berggren, W.A., Kent, D.V., Swisher, C.C., and Aubry, M.P., 1995b. A revised Cenozoic geochronology and chronostratigraphy. In Berggren, W.A., Kent, D.V., Aubry, M.P., and Hardenbol, J., (Eds.), Geochronology, Time Scales and Global Stratigraphic Correlation. Spec. Pub.— SEPM 59:129-212.

Cragg, B.A., and Kemp, A.E.S., 1995. Bacterial profiles in deep sediment layers from the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean, Site 851. In Pisias, N.G., Mayer, L.A., Janecek, T.R., Palmer-Julson, A., and van Andel, T.H. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 138: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 599-604.

D'Hondt, S., Rutherford, S., and Spivack., A.J., 2002. Metabolic activity of the subsurface biosphere in deep-sea sediments. Science, 295:2067-2070.

Dickens, G.R., and Owen, R.M., 1999. The latest Miocene-early Pliocene biogenic bloom: a revised Indian Ocean perspective, Mar. Geol., 161:75-91.

Farrell, J.W., Raffi, I., Janecek, T.C., Murray, D.W., Levitan, M., Dadey, K.A., Emeis, K.-C., Lyle, M., Flores, J.-A., and Hovan, S., 1995. Late Neogene sedimentation patterns in the eastern equatorial Pacific. In Pisias, N.G., Mayer, L.A., Janecek, T.R., Palmer-Julson, A., and van Andel, T.H. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 138: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 717-756.

Hoehler, T.M., Alperin, M.J., Albert, D.B., and Martens, C.S., 1998. Thermodynamic control on hydrogen concentrations in anoxic sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 62:1745-1756.

————, 2001. Apparent minimum free energy requirements for methanogenic Archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria in an anoxic marine sediment, FEMS Microbio. Ecol., 38:33-41.

King, G.M., 1984. Utilization of hydrogen, acetate, and noncompetitive substrates by methanogenic bacteria in marine sediments, Geomicrobiol. J., 3:275-306.

Levitus, S., Burgett, R., and Boyer, T., 1994. World Ocean Atlas 1994 (Vol. 3): Nutrients. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 3, U.S. Department of Commerce Washington D.C.

Lovley, D.R., and Goodwin, S., 1988. Hydrogen concentrations as an indicator of the predominant terminal electron-accepting reactions in aquatic sediments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 52:2993-3003.

Mayer, L., Pisias, N., Janecek, T., et al., 1992. Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 138 (Pt. 1): College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program).

McDuff, R.E., 1985. The chemistry of interstitial waters, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 86. In Heath, G.R., Burckle, L.H., et al., Init. Repts. DSDP, 86: Washington (U.S. Govt. Printing Office), 675-687.

Murray, R.W., Miller, D.J., and Kryc, K.A., 2000. Analysis of major and trace elements in rocks, sediments, and interstitial waters by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). ODP Tech. Note, 29 [Online]. Available from World Wide Web: <http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/tnotes/tn29/INDEX.HTM>. [Cited 2002-01-23]

Oremland, R.S., Marsh, L.M., and Polcin, S., 1982. Methane production and simultaneous sulfate reduction in anoxic salt marsh sediments. Nature, 296:143-145.

Oremland, R.S., and Polcin, S., 1982. Methanogenesis and sulfate reduction: competitive and noncompetitive substrates in estuarine sediments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 44:1270-1276.

Oyun, S., Elderfield, H., and Klinkhammer, G.P., 1995. Strontium isotopes in pore waters of east equatorial Pacific sediments: indicators of seawater advection through oceanic crust and sediments. In Pisias, N.G., Mayer, L.A., Janecek, T.R., Palmer-Julson, A., and van Andel, T.H. (Eds.), Proc. ODP, Sci. Results, 138: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 813-819.

Parkes, R.J., Cragg, B.A., Bale, S.J., Getliff, J.M.,Goodman, K., Rochelle, P.A., Fry, J.C., Weightman, A.J., and Harvey, S.M., 1994. A deep bacterial biosphere in Pacific Ocean sediments. Nature, 371:410-413.

Pisias, N.G., Mayer, L.A., Janecek, T.R., Palmer-Julson, A., and van Andel, T.H. (Eds.), 1995. Proc. ODP, Sci Results, 138: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program).

Pollack, H.N., Hurter, S.J., and Johnson, J.R., 1993. Heat flow from the Earth's interior: analysis of the global data set. Rev. Geophysics, 31:267-280.

Sclater, J.G., Crowe, J., and Anderson, R.N., 1976. On the reliability of ocean heat flow averages. J. Geophys. Res., 81:2997-3006.

Shipboard Scientific Party, 1992. Site 851. In Mayer, L., Pisias, N., Janecek, T., et al., Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 138 (Pt. 2): College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 891-965.

————, 1993. Site 881. In Rea, D.K., Basov, I.A., Janecek, T.R., Palmer-Julson, A., et al., Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 145: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 37-83.

————, 1997. Site 999. In Sigurdsson, H., Leckie, R.M., Acton, G.D., et al., Proc. ODP, Init. Repts., 165: College Station, TX (Ocean Drilling Program), 131-230.

Smith, D.C., Spivack, A.J., Fisk, M.R., Haveman, S.A., Staudigel, H., and ODP Leg 185 Shipboard Scientific Party, 2000. Methods for quantifying potential microbial contamination during deep ocean coring. ODP Tech. Note, 28 [Online]. Available from the World Wide Web: <http://www-odp.tamu.edu/publications/tnotes/tn28/INDEX.HTM>. [2002-03-30]

Sørensen, J., Christensen, D., and Jørgensen, B.B., 1981. Volatile fatty acids and hydrogen as substrates for sulfate-reducing bacteria in anaerobic marine sediment. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 42:5-11.

Spivack, A.J., and You, C.F, 1997. Boron isotopic geochemistry of carbonates and pore waters, Ocean Drilling Program Site 851. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 152:113-122.

van Andel, T.H., Heath, G.R., and Moore, T.C., Jr., 1975. Cenozoic history and paleoceanography of the central equatorial Pacific Ocean: a regional synthesis of Deep Sea Drilling Project data. Mem.—Geol. Soc. Am., 143.

Von Herzen, R.P., and Uyeda, S., 1963. Heat flow through the Pacific Ocean floor. J. Geophys. Res., 68:4219-4250.

Wellsbury, P., and Parkes, R.J., 1995. Acetate bioavailability and turnover in an estuarine sediment. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 17:85-94.