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Core Photos

Technical Notes (Lab Manuals)

Shipboard Labs

Logging Data (LDEO-BRG web site)

Lithology and Stratigraphy

• Visual Core Descriptions
• Core Photos (entire core)
• Close-up Core Photos (core portions)
• Digital Core Photos (by section)
• Color Reflectance
• Paleomagnetism
• Tensor tool
• Smear Slides and Thin Sections

Biology and Stratigraphy

• Paleontology
• Age Profile
• Microbiology

Geochemistry and Mineralogy

• Carbonate Contents
• Gas Chromatography
• ICP-AES
• Interstitial Water
• Rock Evaluation
• X-ray Fluorescence
• X-ray Diffraction

Physical Properties

• Gamma ray attenuation (GRA)
• Index Properties (MAD)
• Magnetic Susceptibility
• Natural gamma ray (NGR)
• P-wave velocity (PWL)
• Shear Strength
• Sonic Velocity
• Thermal Conductivity

Temperature and Geophysics

• Adara Temperature tool
• Davis-Villinger Temperature Probe (DVTP)
• Water Sampling Temperature Probe (WSTP)
• Underway Geophysics

Lithology and Stratigraphy

Visual core descriptions for sedimentary rocks are recorded using a Macintosh-based program called AppleCORE. This program allows users to draw in lithologies and structures as symbols and enter descriptions in text format. Hard rock visual core descriptions are recorded on graphics software templates using text descriptions and hand-drawn images of the core.
[Sedimentary Example | Hard Rock Example | Top]

CORE PHOTOS

Core photographs depict each core as a set of core sections. Typically each core is 9.5 m in length and is cut into 1.5-m sections that are numbered sequentially.
[Example | Example of Link from VCD | Top]

CLOSE-UP CORE PHOTOS

Core photographs depict each core as a set of core sections. Typically each core is 9.5 m in length and is cut into 1.5-m sections that are numbered sequentially.
[Published Figure Example | Top]

DIGITAL CORE PHOTOS

Digital core photographs depict each core section, which is typically up to 1.5 m long. These images are stored in a compressed format and may be viewed with the MrSID viewer.
[Example | Top]

COLOR REFLECTANCE

The Minolta spectrophotometer has been used to scan the color of cores starting with Leg 154. The color profile of some cores is also recorded in the visual core descriptions based on the Munsell color charts.
[Raw Data | Published Figure Example | Top]

PALEOMAGNETISM

The paleomagnetism laboratory on the JOIDES Resolution is equipped with a wide range of equipment: magnetometers (cryogenic, spinner, fluxgate, Hall-effect), demagnetizers (alternating field, thermal), rock-magnetic equipment (Bartington susceptibility meter, Kappabridge susceptibility system for measuring anisotropy, impulse magnetizer for measuring isothermal remanent magnetization, partial anhysteretic remanent magnetizer). The downhole Tensor tool is used to measure core orientation where possible.
[Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

TENSOR TOOL

The Tensor tool has been used to measure core orientation starting with Leg 140.
[Top]

SMEAR SLIDES AND THIN SECTIONS

Smear slide and thin dection data contain the microscopic evaluations of samples for their mineral content, fossil content, and other petrographic properties.
[Smear Slide Example | Thin Section Example | Photomicrograph Example | Top]

Biology and Stratigraphy

Paleontological data consist of the abundances of calcareous and siliceous microfossils observed in the cores. Occasionally, pollen data are also available.
[Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

AGE PROFILE

Using age information obtained from cores and appropriate depth scales, one or more age models can be constructed for a hole or site. The age model then allows calculation of age as an independent variable for core and downhole data.
[Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

MICROBIOLOGY

Deep-biosphere research involves recovering suitable cores for microbiological study. Tracer experiments were first conducted during ODP Leg 185 and involve the delivery of both chemical and particulate tracers during drilling and their quantification in the ODP cores.
[Published Figure Example | Published Table Example | Top]

Geochemistry and Mineralogy

Carbonate data are generated in the chemistry laboratory and include weight percentages of inorganic carbon, organic carbon, total carbon, calcium carbonate, nitrogen, and sulfur. Although other carbonates may be present, all acid-soluble carbon is calculated as calcium carbonate.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY

Gas chromatography data contain gas analyses results and information about the instrument settings used to conduct the analyses.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA–ATOMIC EMISSION SPECTROMETRY

Starting with Leg 187, major and trace elements in rocks, sediments, and interstitial waters can be analyzed with inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) with a Jobin Yvon JY2000. The critical advantage of ICP-AES is that rapid and quantitative analysis of a variety of sample types can be conducted relatively easily with a single instrument, producing high-quality shipboard analytical data.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

INTERSTITIAL WATER

Interstitial (or pore) water data contain the results of analyses performed on interstitial water samples collected from cores and downhole instruments. The data come from (1) water samples extracted from cores and (2) in situ water samples collected by a downhole instrument that can be associated with a core.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

ROCK EVALUATION

The Rock-Eval data are generated by the Delsi Nermag Rock_Eval II Plus TOC instrument. The Rock_Eval II Plus TOC is a microprocessor-based instrument for whole rock or sediment pyrolysis, used to evaluate type and maturity of organic carbon, calculate petroleum potential, and detect oil shows. The Rock-Eval instrument is predominantly used on the ship as an interpretive tool for monitoring hydrocarbon safety levels.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

X-RAY FLUORESCENCE

X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry data contain concentrations of certain major and/or trace elements. These data are collected by means of an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. This device determines elemental concentrations by analyzing the intensities and wavelengths of secondary X-rays produced when a sample is irradiated by primary X-rays. Major elements are reported in oxide percentage and trace elements are reported in elemental parts per million (ppm; except for Titanium, which is reported in elemental percentage).
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

X-RAY DIFFRACTION

X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses allow the identification of minerals based on the precept that no two substances will alter the path of an incident x-ray beam absolutely identically. With this instrument scientists can quickly evaluate the mineralogical composition of sediments and the alteration products of ocean crust material.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

Physical Properties

Gamma ray attenuation (GRA) data consist of individual records that represent a density/porosity evaluation at a given point in a whole-round core. The GRA data are gathered on the multisensor track (MST), which is a multiprocessor, multisensor data collection system that takes measurements on cores from several sensors simultaneously. The MST is designed to handle all sampling automatically.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

INDEX PROPERTIES (MOISTURE AND DENSITY)

Index properties (MAD) data are derived from measurements made with pycnometers and mass balances. The balances used to weigh the samples have a precision of approximately ±0.02 to 0.03 grams, and the pycnometers are precise to approximately ±0.05 cm³. This yields a precision of approximately ±1% on unconsolidated sediments and approximately ±2% on consolidated sediments and hard rocks.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY

A Bartington susceptibility meter is used on the multisensor track to measure the susceptibility of the whole-round core sections.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

NATURAL GAMMA RAY

The Natural Gamma Ray (NGR) sensor was added to the multisensor track on Leg 150. Currently gamma radiations are recorded as counts in five nonoverlapping energy ranges. The total counts are determined by summing the counts in the five individual energy ranges.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

P-WAVE VELOCITY

P-wave velocity data are collected with the P-wave logger (PWL), which is an automated system used to measure and record the compressional wave velocity of soft sediments within a plastic core liner. A detailed velocity log can be obtained by combining data from a sequence of adjacent core sections.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

SHEAR STRENGTH

Shear Strength tests may be done with several different devices. The dataset contains data from four different instruments: the Motorized Torque Transducer device, the Wykeham-Farrance device, the Hand Held Torvane, and the SoilTest Pocket Penetrometer.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

SONIC VELOCITY

Sonic velocity can be measured in three ways on the ship: with the P-wave logger on the multisensor track, the digital sonic velocimeter (DSV), and the Hamilton Frame. Sonic velocity measurements are made on discrete samples and, together with density measurements, provide the data for calculation of acoustic impedance and reflection coefficients.
[Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

Thermal conductivity data are gathered using an apparatus with five temperature probes. The probes are inserted into various places along a whole-round core section that has been allowed to equilibrate to room temperature, and thermal conductivity is measured at different time intervals.
[Raw Data | Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

Temperature and Geophysics

Adara is a downhole temperature tool that is compatible with the APC coring system. It resides in the APC cutting shoe and measures formation temperature while the APC core is being retrieved. This tool was first deployed on Leg 139. These measurements are usually made down to ~100-150 meters below the seafloor until the coring method switches to XCB.
[Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

DAVIS-VILLINGER TEMPERATURE PROBE

The Davis-Villinger Temperature Probe (DVTP) is designed to take heat-flow measurements in semiconsolidated sediments that are too stiff for the Advanced Piston Corer Temperature (APCT) tool. Coring must be interrupted to take a temperature measurement. The DVTP can also be run on wireline and hung below the bit (when the bit is off bottom) as a temperature logging tool for borehole fluids.
[Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

WATER SAMPLING TEMPERATURE PROBE

The water sampling temperature probe (WSTP) is a downhole temperature tool that is compatible with the XCB coring system and is used in formations that are too stiff for the APC Adara tool. It can also obtain a formation water sample.
[Published Table Example | Published Figure Example | Top]

UNDERWAY GEOPHYSICS

Underway geophysical data include navigation, bathymetry, and magnetic information. The digital data produced from the ship are in the "MGD77" format, the sanctioned standard of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC). MGD77 is an exchange format for marine geophysical data intended to be used to transmit data between marine institutions.
[Published Figure Example | Top]